Zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito kuti zigonere pansi: masampampu, mawerengedwe

M'nkhaniyi, tiyeni tione momwe zingwe zogwiritsira ntchito zidachitidwa mobisa. Kuwonjezera apo, tiyeni tiyankhule za kulemba kwawo ndikuwongolera momwe mizere ikuwerengedwera.

Zofunikira pakuyika chingwe chotetezedwa pansi

Kuyika magulu a chingwe cha nkhondo, monga njira iliyonse yomanga, ingagawidwe mu magawo. Ndikofunika kulingalira ndondomeko yeniyeni yeniyeni ndi ndondomeko ya ndondomekoyi, komanso kukhazikitsidwa kwa zinthu zonse zowonjezera.

Musanayambe kuyika zingwe, muyenera kuganizira zofunikira izi:

• Zingwe zamakono ziyenera kuyendetsa magetsi ogwira ntchito pamtanda popanda zopinga, choncho, mapaipi, mizu ya mitengo ndi zinthu zina zomwe zili pansi pa nthaka siziyenera kusokoneza. Ndizowonjezereka kuletsa mizere yachingwe.
• Pakati pa waya wothandizira, chitukuko cha chingwe cha mchenga ku mchenga kapena chingwe chapadera chimaperekedwa, kotero kuya kwa dzenje kuyenera kukhala kuchokera pa masentimita 75 kufika mita imodzi.
• Chingwe chowombera kuti chikhale pansi chiyenera kukhazikitsidwa.
• Chomera chosanjikizira chachitsimanga chamatabwa ndi mchenga, miyala ndi zinthu zomwe sizingatheke mosavuta.
• Ngati, pakuika, pakufunika kuika awiri kapena angapo opanga zida m'madzi amodzi, mtunda wa pakati pa chingwecho uyenera kukhala osachepera 11 centimita.
• Pogwiritsa ntchito chingwe cha armored kumbali ya VLEP, mapuloteni otsiriza amagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Zida zogwiritsidwa ntchito zogonjetsedwa pansi

Zolemba za zingwe ndizosiyana ndi VLEP. Ndondomeko yoperekera ndi yophweka, koma ili ndi ntchito yochuluka komanso yowonjezera nthawi.

1. Pokonzekera thunthu la kuyika chingwe chachinsinsi chokhala pansi ndikuyang'anitsitsa kukhulupirika kwake padziko lonse lapansi. Pakakhala vuto lawo laling'ono, amatsutsidwa kapena ali okhaokha, ndipo ali ndi zowonongeka zambiri amasinthidwa kukhala atsopano. Komanso m'pofunika kukumbukira kuti ntchitoyi imayendetsedwa ndi zinthu zolimba, kotero, kuti asawononge izo, imayikidwa pa kuyendetsa ndi kukonza mbuzi.
2. Chingwe chokhala ndi zida zogonetsera pansi sichingaikidwe popanda dongosolo. Kupanga kwapadera malo omwe ntchitoyo idzachitike iyenera kupangidwa. Ndondomeko imeneyi idzakuthandizani kumvetsa zambiri zokhudza malo omwe asankhidwa kuti akhalepo. Gombe, monga tanenera kale, liyenera kukhala lalikulu masentimita 65, ndipo m'lifupi liwerengedwa, malinga ndi kutalika pakati pa zingwe ndi makoma a ngalande.
3. Kuphimba mchenga kapena mthunzi pansi mpaka pansi pa ngalande amapangidwa mofanana. Kenaka ikani waya popanda kutambasula - mafunde.
4. Ndiye chingwe chokhala ndi zida zogonjetsa pansi chikuphatikizapo mchenga wosachepera 10 centimita. Kenaka pamwamba pa mchenga kumakhala ndi njerwa kapena mwala. Izi ndizofunika kuteteza mitsempha yamakono kuchokera kumapangidwe osasinthika, pamene kufufuza kumachitika pafupi ndi malo oyala.
5. Pambuyo pa ngalande ija akugona pansi masentimita 15-20, asanayambe kuimitsa.

Zapadera za zingwe zankhondo

Zingwe zogwiritsira ntchito zida zogwiritsira ntchito pansi zimapangidwa ndi mmodzi kapena ambiri otsogolera. Zipangizo zamakono zingapangidwe ndi zipangizo zosiyana siyana, nthawi zambiri zamkuwa ndi zitsulo zotayidwa.

Komanso, zingwe zingathe kupangidwa ndi maziko oyambira, monga lamulo, ili ndi gawo la dongosolo lochepa kuposa mitsempha yaikulu. Kusungulumwa n'kofunikira kuti muonetsetse kuti mphamvu zamagetsi zoyendetsera magetsi zimakhala pakati pawo ndi chipolopolo cha nkhondo. Zapangidwa ndi zipangizo zosiyanasiyana za polima.

Tsopano ganizirani mbali za chingwe cha mkuwa. Zida za chingwe choterezi zimatha kuteteza ku zovuta zachilengedwe komanso zachiwawa. Chingwe chachitsulo chachitsulo chokhala pansi ndi chothandizira kuika ndi kukhazikitsa njira zoyendetsa bwino zomwe zingathe kuwonongeka. Zopangidwe za mtundu umenewu zasinthidwa ndi zida ziwiri zogwiritsidwa ntchito ndi zida za PVC.

Kodi chingwe cha aluminium chitsulo chimakhala ndi chiyani? Otsatira a mtundu uwu amagwiritsidwa ntchito pa zigawo zazikulu zazingwe, sizimangokhala zolimba kapena zowonjezereka, chifukwa aluminiyumu ndi zinthu zopanda pake. Zida zowonjezera zida zogwiritsira ntchito pansizi zimapangidwa ndi magulu oyendetsa mapulasitiki ozungulira pulasitiki kapena PVC.

Ubwino wa zingwe zankhondo

Ponena za ubwino wa zingwe zankhondo, ndizo zotsatirazi:

1. Mphamvu zolimba ndi kukana makina opanikizika.
2. Zofunika zochepa zosungirako.
3. Ntchito yapadera yayitali (mpaka zaka 60).
4. Kukaniza kusintha kwa kutentha, komanso kutha kugwira ntchito kutentha kuyambira +55 mpaka -60 Celsius.
5. Kudalirika ndi kosavuta kusamalira.
6. Mapulogalamu ambiri.
7. Zosankha zazikulu.
8. Chitetezo chotsutsana ndi kutupa ndi chinyezi

Mitundu ya zida zowonjezera

Moyo wautali wautali komanso kutayika kwakukulu kwa kutukuka kumatsimikiziridwa ndi zipangizo zotetezera chingwe. Malingana ndi mtundu wa kulumikiza ndi zizindikiro za nthaka, zida zosiyanasiyana zimasankhidwa. Chimodzi mwa mayina otchuka kwambiri ndi AABL, AVBBSHV, VBBSHV. Mbali ya mapiritsi a oterewa ndi 1.5 mm ² mpaka 270 mm ² . Mzere woterewu ukhoza kukhala ndi magetsi osiyanasiyana (kuyambira 1 mpaka 5).

Mitundu ya chitetezo chakunja:

1. Zitsulo zitsulo ndi zamphamvu kwambiri, zomwe zimateteza mainjini magetsi kuchokera ku zithupi zakuthupi zakunja, mwachitsanzo, pofukula chidebe, kumenyana ndi khwangwala kapena fosholo.
2. Zitsulo zosapanga zitsulo zimapangitsa kusamvana ndi chinyezi ndi kutupa.
3. Zida zamagetsi zopangidwa ngati maonekedwe. Zida zoterezi zimadzazidwa ndi mafoni. Kutsekemera kumeneku kumateteza kutetezedwa kwa chinyezi ndi mawotchi.

Zida zamakono zamtundu

Mapepala a zida zogwiritsira ntchito zowonongeka ndizofunikira kuti asankhe makhalidwe oyenerera, malinga ndi kuwerengera kwa zinthu. Ndipo cholinga cholemba chilemba ndi chofunikira kuti chiwonetsenso zomwe zimapangidwa:

• Zofunika za mitsempha;
• Cholinga;
• Mtundu wa kusungunula;
• Zochitika za kapangidwe;
• Chigawo cha mankhwala;
• Kuwerengera mphamvu;
• Yamaliza panopa.

Mwachitsanzo, waya wa mtundu wa VBBSHV, kumene:

• B - mitsempha yotulutsidwa kuchokera ku polyvinyl chloride.
• B - waya wothandizira, zida zopangidwa ndi mapepala ndi zilonda ndi tepi.
• B - kusanjikiza pakati pa woyendetsa. Amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwa otsogolera omwe ali ndi magawo akuluakulu amtundu.
• ШВ - wosanjikiza kunja kwa polyvinylchloride.

Kuwerengetsa mazere a chingwe

Monga mutha kumvetsetsa kuchokera ku mutu, tsopano idzauzidwa momwe mungayese. Chingwe cholimba cha kugona pansi chikuwerengedwa kuti chisankhe mtundu ndi gawo lopambana la mawaya amphamvu a waya. Choyamba m'pofunika kudziwa mndandanda wa mazirawo, omwe ali pansipa.

Kutha mphamvu ya wogula, Wt.

К _с - wogula amafuna coefficient.

Mzere wa voltage, V.

Cos Φ ndi mphamvu ya wogula.

N - mphamvu ya ukonde.

Kenaka muŵerengeni mphamvu yamagetsi ya chingwe.

Pambuyo pa kuwerengera, gawo lachimake limasankhidwa kukhala lalikulu kapena lofanana ndi chiwerengero chowerengedwa.