Wolemba Pavel Petrovich Bazhov: yonena, zilandiridwenso ndi mabuku

Soviet zolembalemba wotsutsa Pavel Petrovich Bazhov anali munthu mosalekeza kwambiri. Iye chinkhoswe mu kulemba zokhudza sayansi m'munda wa maphunziro zolembalemba, Polemeretsedwa Chirasha ndi gulu lalikulu la m'nthano za anthu m'madera osiyanasiyana la Soviet Union, zinapezedwa iyeyo. Iye anagwira ntchito ngati mtolankhani komanso ntchito ndale. Paulo Bazhov - chidwi umunthu mu mbiri ya folklore Russian, kotero aliyense adzakhala zothandiza kudziwa bwino mbiri yake ndi zolembalemba cholowa.

moyo woyambirira

Pavel Petrovich Bazhov, amene yonena ndi nawatsimikizira kugawidwa kwa mayiko m'zigawo zingapo, wobadwa 15 (27) January 1879 m'tauni yaing'ono migodi Sysert (Urals). bambo ake anali wakhama kumodzi yopanga zitsulo, ndipo mayi ake ankachita nawo needlework. banja Pavel Petrovich zinalimbikitsa zambiri, bambo anga ankagwira ntchito pa fakitale chomwecho, ndiye pa ena. Pafupipafupi kuyenda kwa midzi zitsulo mu Urals zapanga chidwi chachikulu cha wolemba m'tsogolo. Mwina chifukwa cha imfa ya ana, ndipo zidindo za wolemba, ndipo anayamba kusonkhanitsa nthano kukonda ndiponso kuyesera kubweretsa nkhani Ural kuti mbali zina za Russia lalikulu. Kenako Pavel Petrovich Bazhov anakumbukira panthaŵi ya ubwana ndi chikondi. Nditakwanitsa zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri, makolo a mwanayo anamutumiza zaka zitatu Zemstvo sukulu. Wolemba tsogolo ankakonda kuphunzira, ndi zinthu zatsopano, choncho anamaliza mosavuta pulayimale. Ndi zina Ine chinkhoswe Paulo Bazhov? yonena wake sikuthetsa kumeneko.

mapangidwe

Pambuyo kutulutsidwa kwa County School Pavel Bazhov anasonyeza kuti akufuna kupitiriza kuphunzira, koma chifukwa cha ndikosatheka kulowa sukulu wolemba tsogolo kupita ku seminare. Paulo woyamba Bazhov anaphunzira Yekaterinburg sukulu achipembedzo, koma kenako anaganiza kupitiriza maphunziro awo pa Perm Theological Seminary. Mu 1899, P. P. Bazhov maphunziro ku seminare, ndipo iye anafunsidwa kupitiriza kuphunzira kuti aphunzitse mpingo San. Koma maloto sanali Bazhov ntchito wansembe, iye ankafuna kupita ku yunivesite. Chifukwa cha kusowa ndalama Bazhov anaganiza kupeza mphunzitsi wa sukulu ya chinenero cha Chirasha. anthu ochepa mukudziwa momwe kutifotokozera kupita maloto awo monga Bazhov. The yonena za wolemba ananena kuti anali amphamvu ndi cholinga munthu. Kenako Bazhov kuti ndikagwire ntchito Yekaterinburg achipembedzo sukulu. Dream wolemba analowa Tomsk State University ndipo sichinayambe akuyendera chifukwa cha udindo otsika chikhalidwe.

ntchito panja

Pavel Petrovich Bazhov, amene yonena limasonyeza mbali zonse za moyo wolembayo unali waukulu zolembalemba wotsutsa ndi wolemba, anali kalikiliki moyo pagulu. Wolemba anali membala wa October kuukira boma kumene kunachitika mu 1917. Nayimilira kudzanja la boma la, Pavel Petrovich Bazhov anali umalimbana kuthetsa anthu ku lochitira chikhalidwe. Ofunika ufulu Bazhov P. P., yonena wake akutitsimikizira nkhani imeneyi.

Pa Civil Nkhondo Russia, wolemba ndi wokonzeka kuti ndikhale wa Red Army. Mu ankhondo, anatumikira osati monga Mlembi, koma anali mmodzi wa akonzi asilikali nyuzipepala "ngalande choonadi." Mwatsoka, pa kumenyera ufulu wolemba Perm anagwidwa, koma anatha bwinobwino kuthawa mdani ukapolo. Patapita miyezi ingapo kuchokera kudwala matenda, iwo anaganiza demobilize Bazhov. "Yowerengera wa", "Mapangidwe paulendowu" - mabuku onsewa olembedwa Bazhov mbiri ya Russian utasintha ndi Civil nkhondo.

moyo

Anali chikondi Pavel Petrovich Bazhov? Wambiri ndi kuvumbulutsa mfundo imeneyi moyo wa wolemba. Pambuyo Pavel Petrovich Bazhov nawo ntchito mphunzitsi Chirasha pasukulu achipembedzo ntchito mu kufanana mu Yekaterinburg diocesan sukulu kwa atsikana. Kumeneko anakumana ndi chikondi chake choyamba ndi chokha cha moyo wanga. Wolemba anachita chidwi wophunzira wa kalasi lomaliza la B. Ivanitskaya. Atamaliza maphunziro ake, anaganiza kukwatira.

ana

Atangoyamba ukwati wawo wolemba awiri aakazi wokondeka. kenako mu mabanja a A pang'ono anabereka mwana wina, ndipo mu nthawi yovuta wa First World nkhondo, wolemba nkhani ndi mkazi wake kukakhala ndi makolo ake mu mzinda waung'ono wotchedwa Kamyshlov. mkazi kumeneko anapereka Bazhov wachinayi ndi lomaliza mwana - mwana wake Alexis.

Zaka zomalizira za moyo wake

Pamene anakhala masiku ake otsiriza Bazhov? Wambiri limatiuza kuti mu 1949 wolemba chikondwerero kubadwa kwake sevente. Pa tsiku limeneli anasonkhanitsa chiwerengero chachikulu cha anthu. Panali abwenzi osati pafupi ndi achibale a wolemba, komanso anthu achirendo kwambiri, amene anayamikira ntchito zolembalemba Pavla Petrovicha Bazhova. Tsiku lokumbukira wolemba zinachitika mu Sverdlovsk State Philharmonic. Bazhov anadabwa kwambiri ndipo adagwidwa ndi ulemu wa anthu pa zochitika zawo. Iye anali moona mtima wokondwa, analandira Zabwino ndi mphatso kwa aliyense amene anabwera kudzamuthokoza pa tsiku limeneli. Koma mwatsoka, m'chaka chotsatira izo sanakhale wolemba. Bazhov anafa December 3, 1950 mu Moscow. Kumizidwa mu Sverdlovsk. manda ake pamwamba pa phiri, lomwe limafotokoza maganizo wokongola wa chikhalidwe cha nkhalango Ural, mitsinje, mapiri - zonse wolemba Timayamikira ndiponso kukonda pa moyo wake.

Bazhov monga folklorist ndi

ntchito zake ngati wokhometsa wolemba folklore anayamba pamene akadali lecturer mu Yekaterinburg sukulu achipembedzo. Paulo Bazhov, amene yonena ndi chidwi mafani onse nthano chilimwe chilichonse anapita kwawo, ndi Urals, kuti alembe nkhani Folk ndi nyimbo kufotokoza miyambo yosavuta antchito Ural. Iye ankakonda kutenga zithunzi za anthu am'deralo mu zovala dziko mwambo. Wambiri Paulo Bazhov ana ndi zothandiza kwambiri, chifukwa iwo ayenera kumva miyambo ndi nthano anthu ake, monga ankachitira ndi folklorist kwambiri.

Palibe amene kale chidwi wowerengeka luso anthu wamba Russian, kotero Bazhov anapanga yojambula mu folklore Soviet. Analemba ndi systematized nambala yaikulu wosangalatsa, nkhani yaing'ono maphwando a za moyo wa anthu ogwira ntchito, zimene anali ofanana pakati pa Anthuwa mu zaka za m'ma XVIII. Folklorist chidwi miyoyo ya anthu wamba: osema miyala, gunsmiths, miyala Anthuwa.

Bazhov anadzakhala chidwi osati anthu a m'nthano Ural, nkhani wowerengeka komanso mbali zina za Russia. Kuti Musaone udindo wa munthu wamkulu mu mapangidwe folklore dziko n'zosatheka, chifukwa iye anali kuyesera kumvetsa moyo wa ntchito yosavuta, zimafalitsa zithunzi kuti bwino limapezeka folklore ndi wowerengeka nkhani kubweretsa kwa masiku athu.

Mndandanda wa ntchito zofunika kwambiri

Pavel Petrovich Bazhov muno anakumbukira osati monga folklorist ndi wokhometsa zongopeka wowerengeka, komanso anali wolemba odabwitsa amene ankachita zozizwitsa ndi mphamvu ya kulankhula. nkhani zodabwitsa olembedwa Bazhov. Wambiri kwa ana amene amakonda nthano, nawonso, adzakhala chidwi. Ndime zotsatirazi ndi mndandanda wa ntchito kwambiri amene anatuluka cholembera cha wolemba ameneyu:

• "The Mare wobiriwira" (1939) - bukuli ndi autobiographical. Wolemba akuuza wowerenga za unyamata, zidindo wake ali mwana amene zipped ndi mlembi moyo wake wonse.
• "Kupatukana masiku" - bukuli ndi mtundu wa moyo tsikulo wolemba. Izo zimasunga Bazhov maganizo zinthu ziliri pa moyo wake ndiponso makalata anam'tumizira ndi anzanu. Chabwino, kuti ntchito journaling Bazhov, amene yonena tikuipeza buku lino.
• "Ural anali" (1924) - Buku limene wolemba anayesera kulongosola wowerengeka yosavuta antchito Urals. Izi ndi zina zachidule woyamba Bazhov pa folklore.
• "Kumanga paulendowu" (1937) - m'buku ili, wolemba anayesa kuulula chikhalidwe cha kuukira boma la October ndi Russian Civil nkhondo. mankhwala ali yoipa m'mbuyomu, ndi ndendende chifukwa anaganiza kuti achotse ku gulu la Paulo Petrovich.
• "Malachite Box" (1939) - Buku wotchuka Pavla Petrovicha Bazhova, zomwe zinatsala iye kuzindikira dziko. Pali kukongola zonse ndi neodnoobraznost nthano Ural ndi zikhulupiriro wowerengeka.

Ena nkhani wowerengeka

Bazhov, amene mbiri limafotokoza nkhani, anasonkhanitsa nambala yaikulu nkhani:

• "Vasina Mountain";
• "Moto wamoyo";
• "Golden dikes";
• "Chinsinsi cha dziko lapansi"
• "Makutu a mphaka ndi";
• "Malachite Box";

• "The mphukira osalimba";
• "Chotakata mapewa";
• "Mountain Master";
• "Stone Flower";
• "Golden tsitsi";
• "Osati chimeza";
• "Silver ziboda".

Paulo anali munthu wamkulu Bazhov, kanthawi yonena amene adzakhala kwambiri ofuna folklore.