Technology wa kukonzekera mtanda: sitepe ndi sitepe kufotokoza ndi maphikidwe zabwino

Novice kuphika zambiri anakumana ndi vuto: akufuna kuphika keke kapena makeke, Chinsinsi buku atsegula, ndipo zinalembedwa: ". Mazira awiri, magalamu zana la batala, supuni awiri a shuga ndi magalamu 150 ufa knead shortbread mtanda" Tengani woyamba wophika kutsatira Chinsinsi, amatsitsa onse mbale wina, ndipo zotsatira zake ndi zamkhutu iliyonse. The mtanda ali n'kuukanda ndi kukhala olimba pamene adzaphika. Ndipo onse chifukwa kulemba cookbooks olemba chifukwa ena amakhulupirira kuti munthu wabadwa kudziŵa bwino zimene luso lokonzekera mtanda. Koma mtundu uwu wa luso, amene ayenera kumvetsa. Ndipo nkhaniyi ikuthandizani atsopano zonse bwino knead shortbread mtanda. Ndi magulu awiri. Ndipo tikuuze mwatsatanetsatane zimene ali osiyana ndi mmene kuphika iwo. Ndipo ife kudziwa zinthu zina omwe ndi ovuta ndi zinsinsi za yokonza chimango ichi kwa mikate, makeke ndi mitanda.

A mbiri pang'ono

Pastry anaonekera pa chiyambi cha ulimi Neolithic, pamene anthu okha katswiri kulima ndi ntchito zitsamba. The mbewu anali kuuluka dzanja mphero, ufa ndi anawonjezera pang'ono za madzi ... Iwo amakhulupirira kuti poyamba mankhwala ufa anali ofanana ndi dumplings. Koma luso pastry kuphika si okalamba. Zikuoneka kuti mankhwala koyamba kwa anayamba kuphika mu dera Gulf. The Akhristu, amene wagonjetsa mu Palestina kwa Manda Woyera, kuti Europe Chinsinsi mtanda, komanso pulagi, ndi mapindu ena a chitukuko. Makeke ku mbali iyi mofulumira kwambiri zinatchuka. Ndipo dzina la mayeso - mchenga - anapereka French kuphika. Ndipotu kugwirizana kwa chomaliza mankhwala likukhalira wofumbutuka, Chimaona. Idyaniko, ndipo mkamwa silimba mu zazing'ono "mchenga". Iwo shortbread anatumikira miyambo English tiyi chipani faifi koloko masana. Tsopano tiona kuphika.

zosakaniza

kukonzekera mankhwala luso ndi wosavuta ku mtanda. Iyi ndi Mphamvu ya aliyense, ngakhale oyamba kuphika. Koma pali chinsinsi ochepa muyenera kudziwa kuti mtanda kunapezeka kwenikweni wofumbutuka, mchenga. Ife tanena kale kuti lagawidwa mitundu iwiri. Choyamba - ichi ndi zochotseka mchenga mtanda. Kuphika ntchito otchedwa mankhwala zosavuta zokha. ufa ichi, mafuta (mafuta, margarine), shuga ndi mchere. Pofuna kukwaniritsa ulemerero mankhwala anawonjezera ufa kuphika (koloko, amoniya). Sand spritz mtanda ali ndi kugwirizana madzi. Pakuti kukonzekera ntchito, kuwonjezera mankhwala zofunika, mazira ndi wina (zina) kirimu. Kumene, onse a mitundu shortbread mtanda akhoza ndipo ayenera kuwonjezera mchere osiyana. Izi zikhoza kukhala zidutswa za chocolate, ufa koko, ginger, zoumba mtedza, sinamoni, vanila, grated ndimu peel ndi ena.

Mfundo zosakaniza kukonzekera

Monga tanena kale, luso lokonzekera mtanda ndi wosavuta. Koma iye ali zinsinsi wake. Choyamba chikukhudza ulamuliro kutentha. Ngati inu knead shortbread mtanda m'khitchini ukagwira, inu simukhala mankhwala khalidwe. Ndipotu mtima wa muli mafuta. Kuchokera kutentha iwo kwakukulu. Ndipo ife basi Sikuti. Choncho ndikofunika kuphika mtanda mu chipinda kutentha si upambana madigiri khumi. Kenako - ufa. Pakuti chabwino yisiti mtanda ayenera ambiri gilateni, pamene chifukwa mchenga, pa mwake, ndi ang'ono. Koma monga mwa chilengedwe chathu tilibe kuti mwachindunji kusankha, ife asagwiritse tokha chakuti ufa woyera kugula wapamwamba kwambiri tirigu. mafuta ayenera kukhala ozizira kwambiri, koma osati kwa mufiriji. Zotsatira zabwino, ntchito margarine. Mafuta chiŵerengero akhale umodzi wina. Kuti mitanda kwenikweni anasungunuka mkamwa mwanu, muyenera choyamba kutembenuza shuga mu ufa. Mazira ndi wowawasa kirimu, ngati ife ntchito, nawonso, ayenera kukhala ozizira.

Shortcrust pastry: yokonza mankhwala ndi luso

Chimake cha mtanda ndi mwinanso yachangu kusakaniza mafuta ndi ufa. N'chifukwa chake choyamba akonze mankhwala chochuluka. Tiyenera ufa particles zakutidwa mafuta. Ndiye gilateni, umene uli m'bukuli, sangathe kutuluka, ndi mtanda sadzatero zotanuka, monga yisiti. Choncho, muyenera choyamba asiyanitse ufa mu mbale kupyolera sieve chabwino. Kenako, kuwonjezera zina zambiri zosakaniza: ufa shuga, mchere, kuphika ufa (ufa kwa soda kapena ammonium). Ngati mankhwala kudalira koko ufa, vanila, sinamoni, ginger wodula bwino grated ndi mbali zina zofanana, komanso vsyplem awo panthawi imeneyi. Sakanizani onse zosakaniza chochuluka. Tengani ozizira ndi zovuta batala ndi margarine (kapena mafuta ophikira) ndi mwamsanga opaka iwo pa grater coarse. The tchipisi kusakaniza ufa ndi zala zanu. Ntchito mpaka mbale lonse ladzala ndi otchedwa mkate zinyenyeswazi.

Shortcrust pastry: maphikidwe ndi luso kuphika

Kumene, wachina chilichonse zotchulidwa amaika zake mankhwala ndi kuchuluka kwawo. Apa m'pofunika kudalira mankhwala. Koma pali chilinganizo ena mtanda wangwiro. Yankholo mu anapangira mankhwala ofunikira. The chakudya wonse uyenera kupita kawiri kuposa mafuta. Koma siziyenera kukhala zonse yomweyo kutsanulira mu mbale. Siyani wa kwa mtanda ina. Mu mbale kuika gawo loyamba la mankhwala enieni magawo oterowo: magalamu mazana atatu a ufa - batala ndi margarine, mazana awiri ndi zana limodzi ndi ufa shuga. Ngakhale mankhwala zotsekemera musaiwale kuwonjezera uzitsine mchere. The mtanda sizinayende, "anaba" vsyplem koloko pang'ono ndi amoniya - ali kwenikweni pa nsonga ya mpeni, mwinamwake mankhwala adzakhala kupeza chinthu chosangalatsa fungo. Tsopano n'kofunika kuti apange zotanuka mtanda chiwiya chako chokandiramo ufa pang'ono. Mafuta ayamba kusungunuka, ndi "mkate nyenyeswa" mosavuta limodzi. Kata mbale ya bun ndi ankatembenukira manja ake. ndi "breadcrumbs" Onse akhala gawo limodzi la mayeso.

Chofunika kudziwa pamene kusakaniza

The boma kutentha n'kofunika kwambiri panthawi imeneyi. Ngati firiji ndi madigiri poyerekeza fifitini, ife tinalibe kusiya pa siteji ya "nyenyeswa mkate" chifukwa mafuta amaima. Ngati thermometer m'khitchini adzakhala pa twente-faifi, batala isungunuke ndi kuima kuchokera kulemera okwana mankhwala. Pa nthawi yomweyo n'kofunika mwamsanga ndi bwinobwino kuphika pastry. Reviews anakumana ophika akulangizidwa Pre-anapereka kudula thabwa mu furiji ndi kukonzekera chidebe cha madzi oundana, amene ayenera kukhala nthawi kuti manja ake kuchepetsa. Ife atengemo mbale ya bun. Sunthani pa floured kudula thabwa matabwa. Mesim manja mofulumira ndi mwamphamvu, pakubwezeretsa m'mbali mkati ndi bun. The mtanda ayenera kukhala yosalala, zotanuka, koma opaque. Ngati glitters bun, ndiye anasungunuka batala kwambiri. Pofuna kukonza ichi, muyenera kuika mtanda mu firiji.

lamination

Pa nthawi imeneyi kutsatira zofuna mofanana pamene kusakaniza. Kuti ozizira kutentha ndi liwiro. Anatulutsa wa firiji bun mopepuka obmyat manja. Koma motalikira knead shortbread mtanda, m'pamenenso adzakhala mankhwala a izo. Kuwaza bolodi ndi ufa. Ikani pakati pa mtanda, chopatsa mafanizidwe a njerwa. Ife atengemo chikhomo firiji kugudubuzika. Falitsani kuchokera pakati kuti m'mphepete. Pa yomweyo achoke chikhomo anagubuduza ndi pansi pa kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino bwino, kutembenuzira bolodi mozungulira. Sayansi ya kuphika pastry ndi kuti tiyenera falitsani wosanjikiza mwachilungamo woonda. Izi si mikate chinkhupule ndi mapayi. A wosanjikiza mtanda adagulung'undisa sayenera upambana millimeters eyiti mu msinkhu.

Kodi kukonza mchenga Spritz mtanda

Monga ife kumbukirani, mu mtundu uwu chachiwiri cha maziko a mikate ndi makeke kuwonjezera mankhwala madzi - mazira ndi wowawasa kirimu. Nthawi zina, ngati mtanda kupeza kwambiri phompho ndi zoipa adagulung'undisa, losweka, kutsanulira madzi pang'ono. Koma oipayo amawononganso kukoma kuphika. Technology wa kukonzekera spritz mtundu mtanda si wosiyana kwambiri kuchokera tafotokoza pamwambapa ife. Pamene tili "mkate nyenyeswa", lowetsani nambala mwachindunji mu Chinsinsi, mazira ndi wowawasa kirimu. Knead mpaka zotanuka bun. Ngati ndi chonyezimira pang'ono, si vuto. Ife kusamutsa mtanda pa bolodi floured, kusinja komweko. Pa mazira sibwino kuti overdo izo. Mapuloteni akupatseni mankhwala chinthu chimodzimodzi. Choncho ndi bwino kuchepetsa yolks dzira limodzi. Wowawasa kirimu ndi mafuta owonjezera amapereka mwachikondi mtanda ndi crispness. pophika ichi uyenera kukhala mkulu, wakuda kwambiri.

mankhwala kuphika

uvuni uyenera uyambe kutenthetsa mpaka kutentha zafotokozeredwa Chinsinsi. Tikakhala makeke, lopotana notches kusema mapangidwe mtanda. Kuloza workpiece pa thireyi, alimbane ndi kuphika pepala. Chet n'kakang'ono wosanjikiza mtanda, kutentha apamwamba pasanathe nthawi kuphika. Choncho apamwamba a mkate, uvuni ayenera kukhala yozizira. Kulolera onani machesi mankhwala amenewa, ngati umagawanika akutuluka youma - okonzeka. Technology yokonza chofufumitsa mtanda walola ntchito chitsulo kapena silikoni madengu. Pamwamba mankhwala amenewa ayenera pokha m'malo angapo ndi mphanda kuti si kutupa. mikate uvuni ndi makeke muyenera mpaka golide mtundu duwa.

mikate mchenga

Pakuti mankhwala amenewa amafuna zosakaniza madzi. Technology yokonza mikate ya mtanda zimaphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito mkaka. Pa galasi zonse mankhwala ayenera magalamu zana ufa 180 ga mafuta 100 ga icing shuga, mazira awiri, 10 ga ufa kuphika ndi uzitsine mchere. Optionally, mukhoza kutsanulira naomba pa kugwira awiri zoumba, vanila, grated ndimu peel, zouma apricots, prunes, zidutswa akanadulidwa. Opaleshoni imayamba ndi kusanganikirana mankhwala chochuluka. Kenaka yikani akanadulidwa batala ozizira. Kukwanitsa "nyenyeswa mkate." Dziwitsani m'mbale mazira ndi mkaka. Kumenya misa. Yikani zoumba kapena katundu wina. Apanso, kumenya, amamenya kukhutitsa ndi oxygen. Thirani mu keke poto. Timaika mu preheated uvuni mazana anayi ndi digiri. Kuphika pafupifupi makumi Mphindi.