Pulezidenti ku Russia: zaka, ofuna kubatizidwa, zotsatira

Kukhala mtundu pulezidenti wa boma m'dziko yathu ndondomeko zosavuta, izo zinachitika ndi posachedwapa. Choyamba, Russia wakhala mphamvu monarchical, lotsogoledwa ndi mfumu, ndipo mphamvuyo inali cholowa. Pambuyo Wamkulu October Socialist utasintha, mphamvu mu boma, ndilo lotchedwa Union of Soviet Socialist (USSR), anali m'manja mwa Party Communist. Mutu wa State anakhala Mlembi General.

udindo uwu unakhalapo kufikira kufikanso kwa ulamuliro Mihaila Sergeevicha Gorbacheva, amene anayambitsa mu boma positi pulezidenti wa Soviet Union. Anasanduka pulezidenti woyamba ndi wotsiriza wa dziko lino. M'tsogolo, udindo wa mutu wa boma anatsimikiza ndi chisankho cha Pulezident. Chaka Russia, amene anatenga mbali ndi zotsatira za voti - mutu wa nkhaniyi.

Woyamba wa chisankho cha Pulezident Russian

The Pulezidenti woyamba kwambiri adamangidwa June 1991, chifukwa cha zomwe mkulu udindo waukulu, Boris Yeltsin anasankhidwa. Tikumbukenso kuti pa nthawi imeneyo Russia anali ndi mabwalo a Soviet Union ndi ankatchedwa RSFSR. Mikhail Gorbachev mu chisankho sanali nawo. Pulezidenti anali uchitike malinga ndi zotsatira za referendum unachitikira mu March chaka chomwecho.

ofuna mutsogoleli wadziko anali asanu. Boris Yeltsin anapambana ndi malire kwa ofuna ena mwa iwo Vladimir Zhirinovsky, Nikolai Ryzhkov, Aman Tuleyev, Albert Makashov, ndi Vadim Bakatin. Onse Chiwerengerochi tasiya kufufuza mu moyo ndale za dziko amakhala osiyana. Mwachitsanzo, Zhirinovsky mu 1993 anabwera kwa State Duma, lotsogoledwa ndi chipani chake - cha Osaumira Democratic Party - ndi kukhala kumeneko mpaka lero. Ryzhkov komanso anasankhidwa ku State Duma, ndipo anakhala kazembe Tuleyev, Kemerovo dera.

The chisankho cha Pulezident cha 1996

Chisankho cha Pulezident lotsatira ikuchitikira patatha zaka zisanu pambuyo pa chisankho choyamba kwambiri, mtsogoleri dziko. chifukwa awo anali kukonzanso chisankho Borisa Eltsina.

Masiku ano anthu ambiri kukangana ngati chisankho awa moona mtima, ngati panali chinyengo aliyense ndi falsification. chakuti mlingo wa pulezidenti nkoyenera anali otsika kwambiri pa za 3-6 peresenti pa nthawi ya 1995. Komanso chaka chino, chisankho inachitika mu State Duma, ndi mavoti ambiri anapambana Party Communist (KPRF) kutsogoleredwa ndi Zyuganov. Ankayenera kuti adzakhala ndiwotani wa 1996 mtundu pulezidenti wa chaka. Mu wozungulira loyamba la chisankho ofuna 11 analandira madalitso aŵiri - Gennady Zyuganov ndi Boris Eltsin. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, iye anasankha kubwera kwachiwiri, imene Yeltsin anakhala pulezidenti Russia.

Pakati pa mbali ya lingaliro chikominisi pali maganizo kuti chisankho anali rigged, koma chigonjetso kwenikweni anali Zyuganov, amene anakana kumenya "mapeto."

Mu 1999, pamene moni Chaka Chatsopano Boris Yeltsin analengeza dziko kuti mwaufulu chimakagona. Kuchitanso anasankhidwa ndi Vladimir Putin.

Pulezidenti kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma: 2000

Chifukwa cha yosiya wa Yeltsin m'mamawa chisankho cha Pulezident unachitikira ku mapeto a March 2000. Pa nthawi ya chiyambi cha kampeni kusankhidwa, 33 ofunsira anali agonjera amene 28 anali asankha mwa magulu kanthu za anthu wamba, ndi otsala asanu - mabungwe andale, maphwando. Vladimir Putin wakhala asankha ndi chipani si munthu, koma m'malo mwa gulu kanthu. Kenako, ophunzira 12 - wotsalawo adachititsidwa osati mayina zifukwa zosiyanasiyana, koma anthu 11 okha nawo chisankho. Kutatsala tsiku kukavota, munthu ofuna anachoka ku mpikisano.

The chisankho cha Pulezident cha 2000 yobweretsa chipulumutso Vladimiru Putinu. lachiwiri anapita Gennady Zyuganov, mtsogoleri Communist.

chisankho cha 2004

Patapita zaka zinayi akuti anayamba latsopano ndawala pa chisankho cha Pulezident. Mu mwezi wa March 2004 chisankho cha Pulezident inachitika. Ndipotu ofuna sananene mpikisano aliyense weniweni nkoyenera Vladimira Putina mutu wa dziko, ndipo zimenezi zinamuthandiza kuti mpando ndi mavoti kwa akuti chachiwiri. Tikumbukenso kuti nthawi imeneyi, Party Communist ali asankha Nikolai Kharitonov m'malo wosasintha Gennady Zyuganov. Mu njira yomweyo, ndi Osaumira Democratic Party analandira - m'malo Vladimir Zhirinovsky nawo chisankho Oleg Malyshkin. Panalinso ofuna monga Irina Khakamada, Sergei Mironov ndi Sergei Glazyev.

Chisankho cha 2008. Pulezidenti watsopano

Malinga ndi Russian Constitution pulezidenti alibe ufulu kuyenda akuti lachitatu. Mogwirizana ndi mfundo imeneyi, maganizo ankakambirana anthu amene ali phungu "wolowa m'malo" Vladimir Putin. Poyamba ankaganiza kuti "phungu wa Putin" adzakhala Sergei Ivanov, wotchedwa Dmitry Medvedev, koma ndiye chithunzi adawonekera m'bwalolo ndale. Iye asankha ndi "United Russia" achipani. Kuwonjezera iye, panafika ndi Communist Party Gennady Zyuganov, Vladimir Zhirinovsky wa Osaumira Democratic Party ndi Andrei Bogdanov - woimirira wa Democratic Party wa Russia, koma amene anathamanga monga kudzikonda ankalimbikitsa. Choncho, voti Mayina anayi okha.

Kumayambiriro kwa March, chiwerengero 2 unachitika chisankho cha Pulezident. Zotsatira zinali zodziwikiratu - chigonjetso cha protege Putin a, wotchedwa Dmitry Medvedev. lachiwiri anapita Zyuganov, wachitatu - Zhirinovsky, motero, yotsirizira anasonyeza kuti Bogdanov.

Vladimir Putin wachitatu akuti

Chisankho chotsatira Pulezidenti Russia adamangidwa March 2012. Vladimir Putin, yemwe anali kumbuyo bolodi pa Medvedev nduna yaikulu, anaganiza nawo. Motere lemba la Constituion wakhala kutanthauziridwa, umene umati pulezidenti sangakhoze osankhidwa mawu zoposa ziwiri mosalekeza. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, panali maganizo pambuyo Medvedev a utsogoleri kachitatu likukhalira osati "molunjika", ndi Vladimir Putin mwakachetechete analengeza candidacy wake pa visola. Kuwonjezera iye, panafika anthu ofuna anayi - Zyuganov, Zhirinovsky, Mironov ndi Mikhail Prokhorov, asankha kudzera kudziletsa nomination. Zotsatira zake zinali chigonjetso cha Putin, yemwe ndi pulezidenti lero.

Tikumbukenso kuti ambiri kanjedza boma ndi ndale kuzindikira chisankho monga oletsedwa, kuphatikizapo chifukwa iwo ankachita Putin, yemwe watumikira monga pulezidenti kawiri. Madzulo a chotsegulira, pa May 6 Moscow unachitikira masewera kumusonyeza unakula zachiwawa. Komabe, palibe zotsatira siwoyatsa, kuwonjezera kumangidwa ndi m'ndende anthu.

Kodi chisankho chotsatira?

Mu 2008, lamulo zapita, chimene mawu a udindo wa pulezidenti sanatero 4 zaka, ndi akale kwambiri monga 6 zaka. Chifukwa, yotsatira chisankho cha Pulezident cha ku Russia zidzachitika yekha mu 2018. Pa nthawi imeneyi si yemwe nditenga mbali iwo. Will Vladimir Putin kuthamanga kwa "chachiwiri" nthawi, ngati Party Communist ndi Osaumira Democratic Party asankha mtsogoleri wake, kapena kusankha ofuna watsopano - mafunso amene alibe mayankho.