Budapest Memorandum 1994

Budapest Memorandum Ukraine, United Kingdom, Russia ndi US anasaina December 5, 1994. Chikalata anaika malonjezo chitetezo mogwirizana ndi inalowa Ukraine kwa Pangano pa Non-kuchuluka kwa zida. Mu 1996, nkhani imeneyi unachitikira.

chikhazikitso

Malemba a Budapest Memorandum 1994 amapereka kudzipereka Ukraine ndi kuchotsa kwa malire awo zida zonse nyukiliya m'nthawi yake. Nawonso Russian Federation, United States ndiponso United Kingdom achita:

• Kulemekeza ulamuliro, ufulu ndi malire analipo a Ukraine malinga ndi lamuloli Final wa OSCE.
• Osagwiritsa ntchito zida aliyense ndi ufulu andale ndi dera lawo kukhulupirika kwa Ukraine, ngati si zolinga kudziteteza nthawi zina malinga ndi hayala UN.
• Kupewa kukakamiza zachuma, yomwe cholinga chake Kumvetsela kukhazikitsa ndi Ukraine ufulu wa chibadidwe mu ulamuliro wake ndi zofuna zake zokha likuvutika mwayi otetezeka iliyonse.
• Kuuza ku Council UN Security kuchitapo kanthu mwamsanga kukachitika kuti Ukraine monga dziko - chipani Pangano pa Non-kuchuluka kwa zida adzakhala phunziro kwa zingasokoneze kapena wolakwiridwayo mokwiya ndi zida za nyukiliya.
• Osagwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya ndi Ukraine, kupatulapo milandu kudana ndi memorandum dziko boma zokhudzana, malire awo ndi anzawo.
• Malangizo ngati pali mikangano yokhudza maudindo pamwamba.

China ndi France

Pa nthawi imeneyo, pamene iye anali yolembedwa ndi Budapest Memorandum, mamembala wodzala Pangano pa Non-kuchuluka Pangano anali ndi mphamvu awiri nyukiliya - France ndi China. Komabe, iwo sanali lowani lemba la chikalata ndipo kumatiteteza kudzera issuance mfundo zowonjezera. kusiyana awo panali palibe item pa kuvomerezedwa kufunsa zinthu osokoneza.

chokhala m'dzikolo

Panopa, mtsutso akupitiriza ngati chikalata ku zipani kusainira. Monga wa 2014 Budapest Memorandum sichinayambe linalowa nawo m'Pangano. Monga Vladimir Ryabtsev, mlembi woyamba wa Chiyukireniya Utumiki okhonda, amene ankagwira ntchito pa positi mu 1994-1995. ndi nawo pokonza bukuli, pamene kusainira funso ratification mu maiko amene maphwando, sipanatenge. Ndiye, mu maganizo a Ryabtsev, panali kumvetsetsa kuti Budapest Memorandum, lemba limene Analeredwa ndi inati membala, wofunikila ntchito kukapitirira.

Ryabtsev anasonyezanso lingaliro lakuti la Russia mu 2003, pamene panali kusamvana kuzungulira chilumba Ace anasonyeza udindo pandunji pa kufunika ndi udindo chikalata Mukalowa mu Hungary. mlembi wakale woyamba wa Chiyukireniya Utumiki okhonda ananena kuti 2010 Kenako, ndinazindikira kuti Budapest Memorandum 1994 mayiko chikalata kusainira si monga unachitikira mu chimango cha Review zokambirana za msonkhano anasonyeza chakuti m'pofunika kuchita muyenera pangano kuti wakhala linalowa nawo m'Pangano ndi boma . Pa nthawi yomweyo Vladimir Ryabtsev akutsutsana ndi classifications ofala pa nthawi ino Memorandum monga chikalata akufotokoza maudindo a maphwando, ndi asamalira izo mgwilizano Interstate, momveka akukonzekera ntchito udindo zinalembedwa.

Maganizo a mafanizo ena andale

Vladimir Gorbulin mchipembedzo mlembi wa bungwe la Ukraine Security, ndi Alexander Litvinenko, Doctor wa Sciences Political, analankhula zoti Ukraine ayenera lachiweruzo ndi msonkhano wa mayiko osiyanasiyana, imene kukonzekera pangano latsopano pa ukutitsimikizira chitetezo, umene m'malo Budapest Memorandum mu September 2009. Nawo msonkhano anafunsidwa kudzatunga boma amayenda mu 1994, Ukraine ndi chitetezo, komanso zina zazikulu osewera geopolitical.

Crimea mavuto ndi Memorandum

Pulezidenti Russian Vladimir Putin pa maziko a zochitika mu Crimea, March 1, 2014 chilolezo kuchokera Bungwe la Federal kugwiritsa ntchito gawo la boma Chiyukireniya, Russia ndi asilikali bola ngati palibe vuto dekhetsa umoyo ndale mu dziko. anachita zonsezi chifukwa, monga Putin, panopa Chiyukireniya zapadera vuto limene likuoneka miyoyo ya mwathu muno, komanso chakuti, malinga ndi pangano mayiko pa dera la boma Chiyukireniya ndi kufalitsidwa ogwira wa chimadalira ankhondo a Russian Federation onyamula Zikuchititsa. Mwalamulo kugonjetsa palibe amene anati, koma pakhala nthawi yambiri ya anthu yosangalatsa unmarked makhazikitsidwe a zigawenga Mphamvu ya Ukraine asilikali. Malinga ndi boma Chiyukireniya, chinali nkhondo Russian.

mawu Putin a

Pulezidenti wa Russia poyamba anakana kuti asilikali anatenga gawo mu Crimea mavuto. Komabe, pambuyo kujowina Crimea mu Russia Putin anatsimikizira kuti asilikali Russian amapereka mphamvu yodzitetezera Peninsula pa referendum lapansi. Zimenezi, monga pulezidenti, Atengedwa kuonetsetsa zinthu mawu ufulu wa chifuniro cha anthu Crimea ndi kusamala mu Crimea mtendere chilengedwe. Kenako, Vladimir Putin anati Russia sanayambe chinabisidwa Khrisu ntchito asilikali awo kuti ndigwire mayunitsi lankhondo la Ukrainians.

Budapest Memorandum maso a boma la Russia

Dziko lathu mwalamulo akana onse atamunamizira kuswa mapangano a 1994 ndipo onse applicability awo kuti zinthu zimene zinachitika mu Crimea. Pulezidenti Russian pa March 4 2014 chaka ankaona kuti kuyambira ulimi mu Ukraine, ife tikhoza kuganiza kuti pa m'gawo lake anapanga boma latsopano, ndi Russia poyerekezera izo chiyani kulemba zikalata kumangako.

Ndinapereka mawu pa Utumiki okhonda pa April 1 RF konse kungakupatseni kuti ngati chotikakamiza mbali ya Ukraine ndi zofuna za m'deralo kukhalabe kapangidwe kake, ndi 1994 Budapest Memorandum pa nthawi imene anali zotsatira za zochita ziti, mfundo zachuma ndi zoweta ndale, sizikhudza . mfundozi MFA la Russia anatenga zochitika mu Crimea.

Malo a Russian Federation pa thunthu la nkhaniyo ndi ichi: Budapest Memorandum mwa lingaliro ake ali ndi udindo kuti akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito zida za nyukiliya ndiponso kugwiritsa ntchito iwo pa limati sanali nyukiliya, ndipo nanga ali Ukraine. udindo uwu Russia atsatila ndi, ndipo palibe njira chakhungu.

Udindo wa boma Chiyukireniya

Chiyukireniya mbali amakhulupirira kuti zochita Russia mu Crimea, kuphatikizapo chilumba kujowina Russia kuphwanya 1994 Budapest Memorandum. March 21, 2014 TH The Verkhovna Rada anatenga Declaration pa nkhondo yomasulira Ukraine ndipo ananena kuti Russia wakhala osati linaphwanya malamulo alipo a mfumu boma Chiyukireniya, komanso ananyalanyaza malamulo a malamulo adziko lonse lapansi, amene enshrined mu hayala UN.

27 pa March 2014, Andrei Deshchitsa, kuchitanso nduna ya nkhani zakunja kwa Ukraine, pamene mawu ake pa Assembly General UN, ananena kuti mbali Integrated ya boma Chiyukireniya m'dzikoli mokakamiza linalanda Patatha milungu iwiri imene asilikali, poyamba anakakamizika sitingakumane ulamuliro, ufulu ndi dera lawo kukhulupirika kwa Ukraine malinga ndi Budapest memorandum. Deshchitsa anafunsa Assembly General UN kuthandiza chigamulocho wa Kupititsa kukhulupirika kwa Ukraine, amene analengeza referendum unachitikira ku Crimea, unenforceable.

pomaliza

December 5, 2014, pa tsiku la makumi awiri wa Budapest Memorandum, Arseniy Yatsenyuk, Nduna, kamodzi adamuyitananso pa maphwando ndi pangano kuti ayambe olowa kanthu kukakamiza Russia kukwaniritsa kudzipereka kwake. Nayenso Sergei Lavrov, Russian Minister zakunja, ananena kuti Memorandum inalibe udindo kuzindikira zinachitika mu Ukraine, m'chiwembucho d'etat. Pa December 6, 2014, gulu la "Crimea Initiative" walengeza kuti Ukraine linaphwanya Budapest Memorandum, kuyambira pa nthawi ya kusainira ulamuliro wa dziko lino sagwiritsa ntchito ku Republic of Crimea, chilumba ndi ambiri kwa zaka zambiri anali membala wa boma Chiyukireniya mozemba.

Monga mukuonera, kutsutsana za udindo wa walemba December 5, 1994 chikalata sitileka lero. Tingathe kutsatira pa zinthu.