Pathopsychology - ndi chiyani ichi? njira Experimental pathopsychology

Pathopsychology - ndi yodziwika minda ya sayansi. Deta analandira mu maphunziro mkati chilangochi, ndi lalikulu ongolankhula ndi othandiza phindu. Tiganizire moposera mwatsatanetsatane zapansi psychopathology.

makhalidwe General

Anthu m'madera ano sayansi pali mix mfundo zosiyana, ntchito pachithunzichi mawu ena. Pa nkhani imeneyi, kufunika kupatukana zachilengedwe nthenda zamaganizo ndi psychopathology. inawo imatengedwa nthambi ya sayansi mankhwala. Iwo amakhala ali kuphunzira syndromes, zizindikiro za dongosolo maganizo matenda. Chilango aphunzira mitundu yonse ya matenda ndi njira zawo. Pathopsychology kapangidwe zochokera malamulo ndi chitukuko maganizo yachibadwa. Iwo ikufotokoza ndipo akuyerekeza oipa a makhalidwe ndi njira yachibadwa. Choncho, sayansi izi onse ndi zinthu zofanana ndi kuphunzira, koma zinthu zosiyana.

ntchito

Pathopsychology - ndi sayansi umalimbana kupeza mfundo zina za mmene alili. Makamaka, kafukufuku umamumvera ake chidziwitso ntchito, maganizo ndi volitional, munthu wonse. Izi ndi zofunikira kwa matenda. Experimental njira pathopsychology angazindikire zosiyanasiyana matenda zizindikiro, anapereka dongosolo lawo ndi kulankhulana wina ndi mzake. vuto ina yofunika kuthetsedwa mu chimango cha malangizo ndi kuchititsa maphunziro kufufuza ndi (milandu, nkhondo, ntchito). Pa njirayi, katswiri akhoza kukhazikitsa matenda kapangidwe ndi wachibale wawo kuti zipani liziyenda bwino ntchito maganizo kapena kupanga matenda masiyanidwe. Phunziro lino kugwirizana ndi mavuto ena. Iwo chifukwa makamaka chidwi wodwalayo. Mu nkhani imeneyi, kuleza mtima kuderera zizindikiro kuyan'anila, kuwalimbikitsa, kapena kuyesezera kupewa udindo kulikonse kwa olumala. Vuto lina kuti watsimikiza pathopsychology - ndi kuphunzira kusintha atamwa mankhwala. Zikatero, ntchito yofanana ya luso. Phunziro mobwerezabwereza nawo kudzera boma wokamba anaika, mphamvu ya mankhwala anatsimikiza.

mbali zina

M'zaka zaposachedwapa, pathopsychology experimental kukhala ntchito pofuna kuthana ndi zina ntchito ziwiri. The amachita woyamba ndi kukhazikitsa lapansi. Pa iwo kwambiri chidwi analipira akatswiri kudziwa mbali liziyenda bwino za umunthu ndi psyche wodwala. Komanso timaphunzira malo ochezera a wodwalayo, chikhalidwe ubale ndi anthu ena, maphunziro ndi zoikamo ntchito. Ntchito phunziro ili ndicho kukhala ayamikira kuti ukanawonjezera kuchira msanga. The chachiwiri palokha ntchito akatswiri ndi chotenga mbali mu ntchito psychotherapeutic. Pano, komabe Dziwani kuti nkhani mbali dokotala iwo sikokwanira malamulo pa mlingo malamulo.

Chitukuko cha sayansi

Monga nthambi osadalira pa pathopsychology anayamba kutenga mawonekedwe m'zaka za m'ma 20. Chizindikiro momveka bwino nkhani za sayansi akamagwiritsa ntchito spondylitis. Malinga ndi iye, pathopsychology - ndiyo njira ya kuphunzira mawonetseredwe nthenda mu magawo koyamba chitukuko dongosolo. anayambitsa bungwe Bekhterev kuwerenga maphunziro osiyanasiyana. Pankhaniyi mzere yomweyo unali womveka bwino kuti analekanitsa zamaganizo nthenda ndi psychopathology.

ogwira ntchito zapakhomo

Kuyambira pachiyambi penipeni pa chitukuko cha mafakitale zochokera m'miyambo amphamvu a sayansi zachilengedwe. Mapangidwe mfundo ndiponso njira za ntchito ikuchitika mchikakamizo cha Sechenov. Yofunika imene Ufumuyo kugwirizanitsa maganizo a anthu ndiponso maganizo. Bekhterev, m'malo Sechenov pa njira. Iye ankaona anayambitsa malonda pathopsychological mu sayansi maganizo. Oimira sukulu yake apanga ambiri njira kuphunzira ndi wadwala matenda okhudza ubongo. Lero iwo ankagwiritsa ntchito chilangocho. ndi mfundo ya kafukufuku akhala anakonza:

1. The ntchito njira zovuta.
2. A kusanthula Mkhalidwe matenda a m'maganizo.
3. Munthu njira.
4. Kuyerekezera zotsatira za odwala kuphunzira zambiri za nkhope wathanzi, motero, kugonana, zaka, maphunziro chikhalidwe.

ana pathopsychology

Pamaso sayansi anatuluka Zeigarnik ntchito, panali view kuti chiwerengero matenda a neurotic khalidwe wodwala wayamba kuloza ku mlingo m'munsi akuganizira siteji ina ya kukula kwa mwanayo. Kuchokera pa lingaliro ili, akatswiri ambiri ayesetsa kuzindikira makalata pakati pa ndondomeko ya azingokhala umunthu ndi gawo yeniyeni ya mwana. Mwachitsanzo, Kretschmer anabweretsa pafupi ndi maganizo a schizophrenic chitukuko achinyamata. Mu 1966, pa 8th Mayiko Congress Azhuriagerra (a Swiss wasayansi) amalimbikitsa magawo maganizo kugwa kuchokera apamwamba ndi ndondomeko kuthungo. Zimenezi zinali zochokera angapo kuzipenya:

1. Mu matenda ena, odwala kutaya luso lawo kuchita zovuta zosiyanasiyana ntchito. Pa nthawi yomweyo iwo anapitiriza luso yosavuta.
2. Mitundu ina ya matenda khalidwe ndi zochitika maganizo amafanana ndi zochita ndi maganizo a mwanayo.

Luria Zeigarnik, Rubinstein pathopsychology ndi kwachilengedwenso malamulo

Deta ofufuza awa nkhawa matenda a maganizo, kuwerenga ndi kulemba odwala matenda mtima, matenda a Alzheimer, amene anali ndi choipa ubongo. Kuchokera pa zimene timaphunzira, mfundo yatsopano view wakhala m'Malemba. Zinali chakuti kwa matenda okhudza ubongo zimakhudza malamulo kwachilengedwenso. Iwo sangakhoze kubwereza mfundo ndi magawo chitukuko. Ngakhale pamene matendawa amakhudza wamng'ono, yeniyeni m'madipatimenti ubongo, psyche wodwala safuna kupeza kapangidwe ka ana pa siteji oyambirira chitukuko. Mfundo kuti wodwalayo sangathe kulankhula ndi kuganiza pa mlingo mkulu, kusonyeza imfa ya mitundu zovuta za cognition ndi khalidwe. Koma zimenezi sizikutanthauza kuti anabwerera ku sitepe ana.

chiphunzitso Myasishcheva

Nayenso anachita ntchito yofunika kwambiri mu kukula kwa psychopathology. Malinga ndi chiphunzitso, munthu zikufotokozedwa monga dongosolo chilli ubwenzi ndi dzikoli. Mwanjira imeneyi amadziŵika ndi dongosolo zovuta ndipo anasonyeza ntchito maganizo. Matendawa asintha ndi kuwononga dongosolo la ubale anapanga. matenda amenewa, ingalembe hule matenda. Ngati imeneyi kutsutsana Myasischev ankafufuza psychoses.