Mavuto khalidwe: mitundu, zimayambitsa, uphungu. khalidwe lachitsanzo

Mutu wa ubale wa ana ndi makolo, komanso kuwerenga maganizo anthu a makhalidwe tsopano ayamba zofunika. Moms ambiri amadzifunsa kuti, "N'chifukwa chiyani mwana wanga nthawi ina anayamba kuchita zinthu mosiyana? Pazifukwa zina anali wosakhazikika, mwamakani, hyperactive ndi vuto? "The mayankho a mafunso amenewa amapezeka mu mabuku a aphunzitsi chakale monga L. S. Vygotsky, P. P. Blonsky, A. S. Makarenko ndi zina zotero. D. koma ngati inu mungachite izo ndiribe nthawi, ife amati inu mukuwerenga nkhani iyi kumvetsa intricacies zonse za kuwerenga maganizo mwana kuphunzira mitundu ya matenda ndi matenda khalidwe, ndi kupeza njira yoyenera kukonza ake ndi maphunziro a mwana lonse.

Khalidwe zaufulu ndi musanaganizire

Mu maganizo, nadzawasankhula mitundu iwiri ya khalidwe: zaufulu ndi musanaganizire. Kodi bungwe ana woyamba kusonyeza kudziletsa ndi udindo mu malonda. Iwo ali wofunitsitsa kugonjera zolinga zawo ndi mfundo imene anthu, malamulo a khalidwe ndi mwambo mkulu. Childs, ana ndi mtundu uliwonse wa khalidwe imodzi kwambiri omvera ndi chabwino. Koma inu mungavomereze kuti njira imeneyi wodzilamulira kutumikira, kwambiri, si abwino.

N'chifukwa chake zamaganizo kusiyanitsa mtundu wina: musanaganizire (akhungu) Khalidwe. ana awa zinthu unexamined ndipo kawirikawiri alibe kanthu, amakonda kunyalanyaza malamulo - amangoika kulibeko ana awa. Kuphwanya pang'onopang'ono kukhala mwadongosolo, mwanayo sakulabadira ndemanga ndi otsutsa kumbali yake, poganiza kuti angathe kuchita zimene akufuna. Ndipo khalidwe chimenechi ankaona kupatuka mwakale. Mungafunse kuti: kodi mtundu abwino kwambiri mwana wanu? makhalidwe onse amafuna thandizo kukonza kuwatsogolera pa kugonjetsa makhalidwe oipa.

Kodi chifukwa zolakwika ndi?

Monga mukudziwa, aliyense ali osiyana, ndipo akukhulupirira kuti zosayembekezereka wa kuvutika mu khalidwe la ana awiri ndi chifukwa chomwecho, nthawi zambiri olakwika. Nthawi zina kuyan'anila angakhale ndi zowongolera pulayimale ndi umachitika munthu. Mwachitsanzo, kungakhale kusintha okhazikika njira maganizo, galimoto chopinga kapena disinhibition, aluntha wolumala, ndi zina zotero. D. zolakwika awa akutchedwa "neurodynamic chisokonezo." Mwana akhoza kudwala excitability mantha, nthawi zonse maganizo Kusakhazikika ndi ngakhale kusintha mwadzidzidzi khalidwe.

Kuvutika ana athanzi

Ngati mwana amamvera mumtima yachibadwa ndi khola zokwanira, chifukwa cha zolakwika mu mawu maganizo atha kutumikira ngati olephera, mwachitsanzo, maphunziro, kapena kulankhulana ndi, chotero, kulephera kwa mwana kuthana ndi mavuto amenewa paokha. Ana ameneŵa wokayikakayika kwambiri, kungokhala chete, aliuma ndi mwamakani. Pankhaniyi, chinthu chachikulu - kumvetsa kuti mwana wachita zimenezi involuntarily, ndipo panalibe kuposa munthu "kumvutitsa". N'zosatheka atengere chilengedwe ndi kusintha zochitika. Kenako, ife tisanthule mwatsatanetsatane ena mitundu ya khalidwe, ndicho awo makhalidwe, zimayambitsa ndi uphungu.

khalidwe hyperactive

Ofuntha mwina Mtundu wotchuka kwambiri wa khalidwe matenda. ana awa ayenera kungokhala chodziwa zolimbitsa thupi. Koma ndi vutoli. Pamene mwana ndi khalidwe hyperactive anthu amapatsidwa bwanji ndi malangizo ena ndi chizolowezi, amalimako mantha ndi minofu kukungika. Mwana sangakhoze kulekerera malamulo otere, chifukwa mu kuwonongeka chidwi, utachepa ntchito, kutopa ndi kumaliseche maganizo, anasonyeza m'chikaiko chowakaikitsa ndi m'chikaiko chowakaikitsa. Ndipo khalidwe ndi amatanthauza chiwerengero cha chabe zolakwa chilango.

Ana ameneŵa ovuta kwambiri mu malo onse, ndi anzawo ndi banja zovuta kupeza chinenero. makhalidwe Maladaptive ana ofuntha amasonyeza underdeveloped njira zolimbana wa psyche, makamaka kudzikonda kulamulira monga kugwirizana chachikulu zilili komanso mapangidwe matenda khalidwe.

khalidwe woonekeratu

Khalidweli Izi zikachitika, mwana mwadala ndi modziwa akuphwanya malamulo amene anthu ndi malamulo. Kudachitika zochita zake zonse makamaka achikulire. Nthawi zambiri, khalidwe kumaonekera motere: mwana nyani pamaso pa akulu, koma ngati iwo samapereka tcheru kwa izo, chitadutsa mwamsanga. Ngati mwana ali mu mtima - akupitiriza kuchita zinthu monga chisudzo, zimene zikusonyeza swagger ake. Chinthu chochititsa chidwi ndi khalidwe ndi chakuti, ngati mwana wamkulu kuti ndemanga za khalidwe loipa wake, iwo amayamba kumufotokozera ndi kusonyeza munjira ina iliyonse kuimba wopusa. Choncho, mwana mothandizidwa ndi kanthu sanali wapakamwa akuoneka ngati akunena: "Ine ndikuchita zimene samakonda. Ndipo ine adzapitiriza amaterowo bola ngati inu Musataye chidwi mwa ine. "

Kupanda cholinga - chifukwa chachikulu

Njira imeneyi khalidwe ntchito makamaka mwana akavutika kupanda chidwi, ndiye. E. mogwirizana ndi akulu ndipo lili patalipatali ofunda. Amadziwika kuti khalidwe ndi psyche n'zogwirizana khalidwe kotero nthawizina woonekeratu wa ana ndi ntchito mabanja m'malo olemera pamene mwana yowalanga zokwanira. Mu zinthu izi, samoochernenie munthu ntchito ngati pofuna kupeza pansi pa mphamvu ndi ulamuliro pa makolo. Mwa njira, wosavomerezedwa maliro ndi nkhawa nthawi zambiri zimagwilanso nchito kwa mwana akuluakulu kudziletsa watero. The mwana safuna kuvomereza mfundo yakuti iye ndi wosafunika kwa iwo ayenera kumvera m'zonse ndi kumvera. M'malo mwake iwo amayesetsa 'patsogolo "pa akulu, chifukwa iye akuyenera kuonjezera kufunika wake.

Zionetsero khalidwe

Kusamvera ndi mwamakani kwambiri, kusafuna kukhudza, kuchuluka kudzidalira - onse zikugwirizanirana mitundu ikuluikulu ya mawonetseredwe khalidwe kuukira. Pa zaka zitatu (kapena zochepa) kotereku zakuthwa negativity khalidwe mwanayo tinganene kuti linalake, koma m'tsogolo ayenera kuonedwa ngati kuswa khalidwe. Ngati mwana safuna kuchita kanthu chifukwa iye anafunsa za izo, mwina kuposa analamula, Ndizachidziwikire kuti mwana akufuna ufulu akufuna kutsimikizira kuti aliyense amene anali palokha ndipo sanatsatire malamulo. Ana kutsimikizira wosalakwa onse mosasamala kanthu za mkhalidwe, ngakhale Ndipotu kudziwa kuti akuchita zolakwika. Choncho ana n'kofunika kwambiri kuti zonse momwe iwo akufuna. Kuwerengera ndi maganizo a anthu achikulire sikuloledwa kwa iwo, ndipo ambiri amavomereza malamulo a khalidwe, iwo nthawi zonse kunyalanyaza.

Chifukwa, pali kusiyana mu ubwenzi ndi kukonzanso popanda thandizo la katswiri ndi zosatheka. Nthawi zambiri, makhalidwe otere amakhala mawonekedwe okhazikika, makamaka pamene banja zambiri nako kusiyana, koma akuluakulu safuna kugonja, koma kungoti kuyesera polera mwana amalira ndi malamulo. Nthawi zambiri, waliuma ndi zimene mumayendera anafotokozedwa monga "mzimu wa kutsutsana." The mwana kawirikawiri amamva wolakwa ndipo anakwiya chifukwa cha khalidwe lake, komabe kachiwiri akupitiriza amaterowo. Chifukwa cha ichi ndi zonse Kuuma yaitali nkhawa, limene mwana sangathe kulimbana ndekha, komanso kuyan'anila za nzeru ndi perevozbudimost.

Choncho, pakutchulidwa matenda khalidwe akhoza kukhala zimayambitsa osiyana. Sangawazindikire - ndiye kupeza chinsinsi fumes, kuti ntchito zake ndi ntchito.

chomenyedwa

kupulupudza ndi mwadala ndi zowononga. Ntchito mawonekedwe mwana mwadala anakana malamulo ndi mfundo za moyo wa anthu pa anthu, mu zonse zoipa njira "imapita," ndipo zimenezi zingakhale onse anthu ndi zinthu kuchititsa anthu amene amalankhula, kukhumudwa, udani, mantha ndi maganizo.

Zimenezi akhoza kuchitika zolinga mwachindunji zofunikira ndipo zosangalatsa maganizo. Self-Apatu ndi kudzikonda kuzindikira - izi ndi zinthu zimene anawo zinthu kwambiri azitengapo. Olusa akhoza kupita kapena cholinga wokha, chifukwa cha muli irritability, kapena pa nkhani umboni kuti ali kochita ndi izo. Mwana mu Zikatero pafupifupi kulamulira: timenyane munthu, kuwononga chilichonse chimene chimabwera m'manja, kutaya kuvuta - mwana uyu onse angachite popanda twinge chikumbumtima, kukhulupirira kuti zimenezi si chilango. Komabe, mokwiya angasonyeze popanda manhandling, choncho zinthu zina khalidwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito. Mwachitsanzo, mwana wathu anzathu, kunyoza iwo ndi kutukwana. Zimene kuzindikira kufunika unmet kusintha ndi wosafunika.

Ndipo chifukwa mwana yokha chonchi?

Kuonetsa adani awo, mwana amamvera ukulu wake n'ngwokayikitsa pa ena, mphamvu ndi kupanduka. The chikuchititsa mavuto a matenda khalidwe ndi mavuto ndi mavuto ana chifukwa cha maphunziro. Akatswiri amalitchula neurotic matenda didaktogenii. Ndi imodzi mwa ntchito zomwe mkulu wa kudzipha. Koma mwana chopambanitsa aukali kungophunzira si mlandu. The kungasokoneze masewera a pakompyuta, media chikoka ndi kusintha zoyendera ubwenzi disharmony m'banja, mosonyeza mikangano zonse ndi amalimbana makolo - zonsezi akhoza kukhala kungasokoneze psyche mwanayo. Ngati mwana wanu wakhala kwambiri mwaphuma, sachedwa kupsa mtima, nkhawa kapena maganizo osalimba, ndi nthawi kutembenukira kwa zamaganizo kapena kuyesera nokha kugwira kukambirana ndi kupeza chomwe ndi chifukwa cha mokwiya.

khalidwe Infantile

Ngati mwaona kuti mwana sichichita mogwirizana ndi msinkhu ndipo ali makhalidwe ana ake omwe, mwana akhoza ankaona infantile. ophunzira amenewa, kuchita ntchito wokongola kwambiri, kupitiriza kuona mu masewera ndi masewera chabe. Mwachitsanzo, pa maphunziro mwana, ngakhale mosadziwa, akhoza mwadzidzidzi kusokonezeka pa ntchito ndi kuyamba kusewera. Aphunzitsi zambiri amanditenga makhalidwe monga kuswa chilango ndi kusamvera, koma mu nkhani iyi m'pofunika kuganizira zimene mwanayo akuchita zimenezi si kumvutitsa mphunzitsi kapena kupeza tsutsa. Ngakhale mwana yachibadwa kapena mwamsanga akufotokozera khalidwe lake anayang'ana kupyolera ena chosakhwima, kusasamala ndi zofewa. ana amenewa n'kofunika kuti zonse kumva chisamaliro munthu kapena tcheru, sangathe kupanga zosankha zawo, kuopa kulakwitsa kapena kuchita chinachake cholakwika. Iwo opanda chitetezo, wokayikakayika zambiri.

Infantilism mwina patapita ndi zotsatira zosayenera anthu. The mwana amene waona mtundu wa khalidwe kawirikawiri kufooketsedwa ndi anzanu kapena ana okulirapo ndi maganizo sakonda. Popanda kuganiza, iye Ufumuyo zochita ndi zochita zoipa zimene zimaswa malangizo onse ndi malamulo. ana awa yodziwika ndi zinthu khalidwe monga zinachitikira ndi kusweka mtima ngati ali kumakhala kutengera kuti caricature zosiyanasiyana.

khalidwe conformal

Tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za khalidwe kwambiri kulangidwa. Akatswiri iyo conformal. Kawirikawiri, akuluakulu akunyadira khalidwe la ana awo, koma ndi chimodzimodzi monga onse a pamwamba, ndi kupatuka mwakale. Chakecho mwa kumvera, akhungu kutsatira malamulo chosiyana maganizo ake, zina, zingachititse kuti matenda aakulu kwambiri a psyche mwanayo.

Chifukwa cha subordination kwambiri kungakhale kalembedwe authoritarian kholo makolo awo overprotective ndipo akufuna. Ana mabanja oterowo sangathe kukhala mu mawu a zilandiridwenso, monga zochita zawo okha zomera kholo. Amadalira kwambiri pa maganizo anthu ena zimasintha mofulumira pansi pa maganizo a pamudzipo yachilendo. Ndipo inu mukudziwa, kwambiri pa kudziwa khalidwe la masewero kuwerenga maganizo a anthu chabe. Pa khalidwe akhoza kuona ngati mwana mavuto maganizo monga momwe zilili ndi banja, anzawo ndi druzyai momwe ziriri moyenera ndi bata.

Njira kudzudzulidwa khalidwe mwana

njira kudzudzulidwa ndi mwachindunji amadalira chikhalidwe cha kunyalanyaza pedagogical, dongosolo khalidwe ndi mmene mwana anakulira lonse. Moyo, makhalidwe a anthu ena komanso a zikhalidwe zosiyanasiyana komanso mbali yofunika kwambiri. Imodzi mwa malangizo waukulu imatengedwa gulu la ntchito ana malinga ndi zofuna zawo ndi zosangalatsa. Ntchito chilango chilichonse ndi kutsegula ndi zolinga za ana kulimbana ndi umboni makhalidwe awo oipa, khalidwe loipa ndi zizolowezi zoipa. Kumene, lero pali zinthu zina, ndi njira ophunzitsira chilango zolakwika mu khalidwe la ana, ndicho mfundo, bibliotherapy, nyimbo mankhwala logotherapy, luso mankhwala igroterapiya. Monga tanena njira yamasika wotchuka kwambiri komanso zothandiza.