Ndi kuganiza yovuta Kodi

Mmodzi wa mitundu ya zochita za anthu otchedwa ozindikira ndipo yodziwika ndi mkulu mlingo wa kumvetsa, maganizo, cholinga njira kwa munda mudziwe, amene wazungulira, ndi lotha kuganiza mozama.

A zambiri "lotha kuganiza mozama" matanthauzo a mawu opezeka mabuku Komabe, nthawi zambiri sali mu mgwirizano ndi wina ndi mzake. Komabe, zodabwitsazi akhale mofanana bwino kwa onse: ndipo yunivesite, ndi mphunzitsi wa kusukulu ya pulayimale, tiyenera kuphunzira oimira zosiyanasiyana magulu ndi zikhalidwe mitundu, kotero tanthauzo ayenera kukhala otha ngati nkotheka.

Nthawi zina, maganizo yovuta amatchedwanso mzere wa maganizo, chifukwa kale umalimbana kupeza chifukwa yeniyeni. Ndi mosamala kwambiri m'nkhaniyi, kuuzidwa zochita poyerekezera ndi chiweruzo: tiyenera kuvomereza kuti mwayi kapena kukana, ndi mlingo wa chikhulupiriro chimene timachita.

Choyamba tiyeni tikambirane mitundu ya ntchito maganizo, kuti tanthauzo la "kulingalira zoŵaŵitsa" si yoyenera. The aakulu a m'maganizo ndi kusunga opaleshoni popanda amene kuphunzira sizingatheke, koma n'zosiyana kwambiri ndi maganizo yovuta. Computer kukumbukira bwino kwambiri kuposa aliyense wa ife Komabe, kumvetsa maganizo si luso lake kumbukirani. Komabe, wakale achikale njira aphunzitsi kusukulu kukumbukira kufunika kupitirira lingaliro lililonse ndi kuona ndi ulamuliro cheke yekha chikumbukiro ophunzira, koma zoipa, kuganizira kwambiri za mitundu ya ntchito maganizo, amene ali ovuta kwambiri.

Ndi kumvetsetsa zinthu zovuta zogwirizana mawonekedwe ena otchedwa "maganizo si yovuta", popanda zomwe ndondomeko maphunziro n'zosatheka. Nthawi zina muyenera ntchito monga chiyenera mutu maphunziro a mabuku ndi mbiri, masamu ndi zamoyo pofuna kumvetsa zomwe zalembedwa mu buku kapena mphunzitsi anena. Kumvetsa ndi zovuta ntchito maganizo, makamaka ngati nkhaniyo ndi yovuta. Mtundu wachitatu "si yovuta" zikuphatikizapo maganizo mwachilengedwe kapena maganizo a kulenga. Kuchita chipangizo ntchito woimba ubongo, wojambula, wothamanga Komabe, samasankha ngakhale zindikirani. Chotero njira kuganiza si anazindikira, monga ulamuliro.

Onani yovuta luso maganizo chitukuko ali udindo pamoyo, womwenso magawo atatu kapena mbali. magawo awa pomasulira Russian ndi mayina: kuitana - (tanthauzo sitepe), analandira mudziwe chinyezimiro (chinyezimiro) chinyezimiritso. Pa siteji ya kuitana gawo chinyezimiro, chinyezimiro siteji pali njira yeniyeni ndi luso. Development maganizo yovuta kumachitika pamene pali maudindo ndi zolinga kuphunzira latsopano.

Information chimene chimathandiza kukhala ndi maganizo, ayenera kukhala okhudzidwa, choncho bwino odzipereka. Kulimbikitsa kuti ntchito chidziwitso cha wophunzira ano n'kovuta kwambiri.

Kumapeto kwa zaka mazana makumi awiri mu United States izo zachitika sayansi ya maganizo yovuta kudzera kuwerenga ndi kulemba.

Gulu bwino phunziro pogwiritsa ntchito gawo kulekana. Gawo loyamba amatchedwa "Vuto". Mu phunziro lililonse, kukhalapo kwake kuli kofunikira. Pa nthawi imeneyi, mwina kudziwa kuti pali wophunzira pa nkhani inayake mutu zosinthika ndi mwachidule; kuphunzira chidwi nkhani chifukwa chokhalitsa, komanso wophunzira angachititse ntchito maphunziro; kunyumba ndi wophunzira phunziro kulimbikitsa ntchito yogwira. Zolinga zina ankazunza gawo lachiwiri lomwe lili ndi dzina lakuti "kumvetsa." Pali zinthu zatsopano, pali chidziwitso chake ndi ubale kale podziwa kuti zilipo.

Mu gawo lachitatu, otchedwa 'kusinkhasinkha' ndi chifupikitso cha kudziwa ndi kwathunthu Uthenga umene wakhala analandira, ntchito ndi mwana wa zatsopano ndi zinthu zatsopano, aliyense wa ophunzirawo anapanga maganizo awo pa zinthu zimene aphunzira.