Pangano la Rapallo

Entente anapereka Russia mu 1921, anachita nawo mu msonkhano wa mayiko osiyanasiyana, cholinga chimene anali ndi kuthetsa mikangano pa zodzinenera zamalonda m'mayiko Western boma la Russia. Pankhani ya kukhazikitsidwa zodzinenera izi mayiko European asanavomereze nduna Soviet Russia. The Conference chinatsegulidwa ku Genoa kumayambiriro April. M'mayiko makumi awiri ndi anayi anatenga gawo kukachitika. Mmodzi mwa iwo anali England, Russia, Germany, France ndi limati zina.

Olowa zofuna za mphamvu Western ku Russia anali kukwaniritsa nthawi ndi tsarist ngongole boma (biliyoni khumi rubles golidi) adzabwerenso katundu nationalized ndi Bolsheviks kumadzulo dera woyambawo Russian ufumu. Komanso, mayiko Western adamfunsa chiyembekezo chakuti kwa okhawo pa malonda yachilendo ndo chifukwa likulu zakunja, komanso kutha mabodza chosintha limati awo.

Poyankha, boma la Soviet adamfunsa chipukutamisozi awononga chifukwa cha phukusi achilendo pa Civil Nkhondo (makumi atatu biliyoni naini rubles), anthu mgwirizano yaikulu zachuma pamaziko a ngongole yaitali Kumadzulo. Mwa zinthu atapereka anali kukhazikitsidwa kwa dongosolo Soviet wa kuchepetsa ambiri zankhondo ndi lamulo njira ambiri osatukuka a zipolowe za nkhondo.

Choncho, polingalira za kusafuna mwagwirizana kupita kukondera ndale, zokambirana anakafika impasse. Pa nthawi yomweyo pakhala kugawanika pakati mphamvu Western pa msonkhano. Mkwiyo wa Entente limanena pa chosowa zotsatira pa misonkhano analumikiza bwino ntchito machenjerero a masewera Bolsheviks 'pa kusiyana imperialists lapansi. "

Pakati pa magawo plenary ya msonkhano April 14, 1922 kunja kwa mzinda wa Genoa, nduna okhonda German Rathenau ndi Commissar cha anthu kwa Affairs okhonda Chicherin, Soviet Russia zinasaina pangano amgwirizano (Pangano la Rapallo) pa kuchotsa tonse zofunika nomination. Kalata yomasulira anaphatikizapo kalata yomasulira wa reparations amanena, komanso kubwezeretsa ubale zamtendere. Kulemba Pangano la Rapallo, Soviet Russia anamuzindikira ndi Germany, de jure (mwalamulo).

Chifukwa cha mkhalidwe wake ndi mavuto a zachuma ndi ndale, Germany anakakamizika kugwirizana ndi Russia. Komanso, Pangano la Rapallo kugwira ntchito Lenin kuti anagawa msilikali wa mayiko capitalist.

Kenako mu 1924, ali ndi chidwi kwambiri pa maubwenzi malonda ndi Russia, England woyamba yokhala anazindikira kuti kuli boma la Soviet. Mwachitsanzo wake nayenso anatsatira ndi France, Italy, ndi mphamvu zina dziko.

Mosakayikira, Pangano la Rapallo anali bwino mgwirizano wa mayiko kusuntha kwa Soviet Russia. Chifukwa cha kusaina ndi kalata yomasulira Germany, mayiko Western simungathe kupanga malo logwirizana pa nkhani ya kubweranso kwa katundu nationalized mu Russia. Pa nthawi yomweyo kukana wa Moscow boma anthu mwachidwi, ndi la Versailles Pangano la Reparations gawo mu Germany kupeputsa udindo wa boma French, amene anapempha kuti Berlin reparations malipiro kupitiriza.

Pa nthawi yomweyo, mgwilizano mu Rapallo anali moperewera ndi zoipa zotsatira. Ndi kusaina wake anayamba mgwirizano Russian ndi German pamaziko a antiversalskoy. Asilikali luso, chuma ndi chikhalidwe ubale wa pakati pa maiko awiri anayamba kukula mofulumira. Komanso chiyambi cha olowa Chirasha German Maphunziro usilikali. Pakati pa Germany ndi Russia, ngakhale Versailles kuletsedwa mgwirizano chinsinsi wakhazikitsidwa, umene unatha mpaka kufika pa Nazi.

Pangano la Rapallo mu 1922 anapereka France chifukwa choopera Chirasha German Relations.