Wilson 14 mfundo mwachidule. Kodi mfundo 14 Wilson? mfundo Analysis 14 WOODROW Wilson

Wilson 14 mfundo - nkhani yolembedwa zimenezi pulezidenti 28 US. Iwo anapanga maziko a pangano mtendere, Cholinga amene anali kuthetsa First World nkhondo.

Mmodzi wa atsogoleri kwambiri US

WOODROW Wilson (1856-1924) anali wa 28 Pulezidenti wa USA. Woyamba nthawi ya ulamuliro wake, amene anadza zaka 1916-1921, unachitikira mu chiphiphiritso "Iye anatipulumutsako ife nkhondo." Wilson kwambiri chinalepheretsa okhudzidwa US mu First World nkhondo. Khama lake kuthetsa nkhondo ndi kusaina Pangano la Versailles mu 1919, Vudro Vilson kupereka ya Nobel Prize. Koma m'pofunika amatchula kuti Senate US anakana kulemba ndi Pangano la Versailles mu 1919. Ndipo likukhalira kuti Ndipotu mfundo 14 Wilson, mwachidule kuperekedwa monga "hayala mtendere", kwenikweni anali enaake pamene anafotokoza ndi Devid Lloyd Dzhordzh (Nduna British) ndi Zhorzh Klemanso (French Nduna).

Wilson Khadi Business

mbiri izi zazikulu ndi wasayansi ndale anakhalabe kukumbukira anthu ndi chifukwa chakuti iye ndi mlengi wa Reserve Federal. Pambuyo kusintha yofunika iyi ya dongosolo boma dziko la ndalama US anakhala Federal Reserve Dziwani. M'tsogolo, kokha Dzhonom Kennedi anali kufuna kusindikiza ndalama zatsopano.

Koma pali mapepala amene atsala mbiri mfundo khadi. Chitsanzo adzakhala mawu Fulton Churchill, chinali chiyambi cha Cold nkhondo ndi Soviet Union. 28 pulezidenti US January 8, 1918, nditulukira kwa Congress ndi kulankhula zimene iye anafotokoza masomphenya ake a nkhondo ndi zolinga zake. Funso limeneli anakhalabe mu mbiri monga wotchuka mfundo 14 Wilson. Kwenikweni, iwo anayankha West ndi zosavomerezeka kwathunthu kuti izo Watsimikiza Lenin pa mtendere. Mayiko onse ankafuna mtendere, koma kufupi ndi vuto anali nawo ankatsutsa.

Kuyambira mtendere nkhondo

Wilson mfundo 14 aja kwagona pa chikhulupiriro kuti alipo kuti dziko, dongosolo Kodi singakwaniritse anthu ambiri m'dzikoli ndi "ululu wa Bolshevism", dziko yosangalatsa, ndi kanthu koposa kuukira motsutsa izo. Kulankhula Congress anaperekedwa pa Pulezidenti wake wachiwiri yaitali. USA anatenga kusankha nawo nkhondo pa maziko amene ankati zinachitika ngozi kwa dziko. The United States kudzera Pulezidenti wake ananena kuti akamanena za mfundo 14 Wilson - pulogalamu US wa Pamudzi mtendere, ndi kuti ali ndi ufulu kukhazikitsa zisintha padziko lonse.

Chofunikira chenicheni cha chikalatacho

Koma mphamvu yaikulu European, kuganizira 'pulogalamu mtendere "enaake, anakhutira kuti cholinga chenicheni cha United States, ndi kuphimbika' kulimbana mtendere" - chikhumbo zonse mphamvu kunja kwa mtsogoleri lonse kuchotsa mpikisano mwa njira iliyonse. Mu mabuku Soviet ndale wa kulankhula izi iye ankatchedwa "wachinyengo," ndipo tanthauzo la kwenikweni chinachitikira ndi maganizo a akatswiri France ndi Britain. Zonse, zimene zinali mfundo 14 Wilson - ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa United States kulamulira dziko lonse lapansi womwe ndi kuposa ntchito bwino mavuto a maiko nawo First World nkhondo.

Udani, chisamaliro yokutidwa

Komanso, chikominisi salinso akungoyendayenda padziko Europe, ndipo anayenda ndi leaps ndi malire, ndi lingaliro la mtendere basi ndi kukhazikitsa kusintha demokalase anakopeka naye ndi mbali zambiri. Wilson 14 mfundo - Pofuna kulanda kanthu kuchokera Bolsheviks. Ngati Russia anakhalabe mu kanjira wa utsamunda, mwina sipakanakhala kulankhula konse. Ndipo ngakhale mu ndime 6, pa Russia, anatsimikizidwa pa kumasulidwa Germany a m'madera onse azikhala Russian ndi makonzedwe a bwino m'dziko lathu kusankha chitukuko ndale ndi "gulu la mitundu ufulu" kunawerengedwa "ofunda olandiridwa" Russia mabungwe ake, US zina alowererepo motsutsa Soviet Republic of poyera kuti dziko zililidi.

Akamanena za zinthu loyamba

Achinyengo akamanena za chikalata amatchedwa "14 Mfundo za WOODROW Wilson", kenako wodzilemekeza mfundo 4 4 zosintha, inu mukhoza kumvetsa, ozama mu iwo. Choncho, kodi cheni awo? Chinthu choyamba anatsimikizidwa omasukirana mabuku nkhani mtendere. chinsinsi aliyense, mwachinyengo mapangano intergovernmental ndi pangano zamtendere ndi mosamalitsa sikuloledwa. Ndime yachiwiri amapereka unrestricted apanyanja makampani onse mu nthawi ya mtendere ndi nkhondo, ndi zosungitsa ena. The chikhalidwe chachitatu cha chikalata "14 Mfundo za WOODROW Wilson," kuchotsa zotchinga kulikonse komwe malonda kokwanila lonse. Kumene, pakati pa mayiko kuchirikiza mtendere.

Idealist kapena adventurer?

Mfundo yachinayi zambiri anayang'ana wosangalatsa - okwana Kusiya mkati chitetezo cha dziko. Mwakucimbidza tisaiwale kuti woyamba wachilengedwe chonse Kusiya lingaliro adapempha ndi Nicholas II, osati America, malingana ndi mabuku awo kwa ana, ndi anatera malo oyamba.

The mfundo yachisanu amapereka chiwonongeko cha colonialism yokha. Chimodzi, odzipatulira kwa Russia, izo chinanena m'nkhani pamwamba.

Cholinga kugwa kwa maufumu

Seventh ndime chinanena kumasulidwa wathunthu ndi kubwezeretsedwa kwa Belgium. Chitatu ananena achire wa ntchito ku madera onse French ndi kubwerera kwa Alsace-Lorraine kwa iye, amene Prussia unachitikira zaka 50. Italy malire anali odzipereka kwa 9 ndime. 10-mamita anapereka kwa kudziyimira pawokha yotakata anthu a Austria-Hungary. Wathunso chikalata ichi ndi Balkans - kumasulidwa kwa Romania, Montenegro ndi Serbia anatsimikizidwa ndime 11. Mu 12., potsatira kugwa kwa Austria ndi Hungary anakomoka Ottoman, komanso amapereka mitundu zonse kudziyimira pawokha m'gulu izo, ndi kusamutsa Dardanelles akuwayang'anira lonse. Chirengedwe cha ufulu ndi ufulu wodzilamulira Poland anatsimikizidwa ndime 13.

kunyalanyaza chenicheni

Mzere womalizira anali wodzipereka kwa chilengedwe cha m'dera kokwanila United Nations. Kuchokera pa zimene takambiranazi, akhoza amanena kuti "14 Point Wilson" ayenera mwachidule kufotokoza weniweni monga "hayala mtendere." Mukhoza okondwa America kuti 28 pulezidenti awo inali isanachitikepo womenya mtendere padziko lonse lapansi, ndipo mpake anapambana Nobel Prize. Ndipo chakuti Britain ankakhala ndiye likuvutika India, ndipo anamasulidwa yekha mu 1936, ndi za kugwa aliyense wa dongosolo atsamunda ndi mawu sakanakhala - zenizeni amenewa n'komwe.

Zenizeni?

Kumene, munthu pakati kuti Vudro Vilson, modzipereka ndikukhumba inu chimwemwe, mtendere ndi chitukuko cha dziko, kupanga kwambiri mfundozo lao anapanga maziko a Pangano la Versailles, modzipereka kukhulupirira kuti iwo akulondola ndi zotheka. Ngakhale ndi chodziwikiratu. Koma bwenzi lake, wapafupi mlangizi ndi kuthandiza msilikali E. House, chikalata analankhula moona ndemanga zake, lolimba ndiponso wokongola amakayikira kuti n'zotheka kukhazikitsa awo. Koma m'pofunika amatchula kuti pambuyo kulephera ya Senate wa Pangano la Versailles kumapeto kwa Wilson akuti chachiwiri mwadzidzidzi pantchito zandale.

chikalata chophimba

Choncho kodi mfundo 14 Wilson? Mungawerenge ndi ndemanga kwambiri ndi chikalata ichi, analembedwa ndi Davideyo, ngakhale m'munsi mwa dera lonse ndale. Ndipo n'chifukwa chiyani chikalata chidwi anali konse linalowa nawo m'Pangano ndi Senate US? Komabe, anthu ambiri ofufuza ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana amakhulupirira kuti "mtendere pulogalamu" kuphimba chilakolako cha United States kukhazikitsa hegemony ake ndale osiyanasiyana, ndipo wachina chilichonse atsata cholinga kufooketsa amphamvu osewera mayiko monga UK, France, Japan, Turkey ndi Italy.

Mdani wily Russia

Kukhazikitsidwa kwa latsopano kuti dziko kapena dziko unipolar, kumene muweruzi yaikulu ya malo a m'mayiko onse ndi United States - kungoti anauzidwa Wilson mfundo 14, kusanthula a imbaenda ku mapeto limodzi: iwo ankafuna kutumikira monga yodzibisa mfundo aukali States. Iwo ayenera ndondomeko amenewa anali makamaka chifukwa chigonjetso cha ulimi zokomera mu Russia.