Pamene ndi kumene kunali munthu woyamba pa dziko?

Kumene kunali munthu woyamba pa dziko? Funso kuchokera nthawi ya Charles Darwin nkhawa asayansi. Zosachepera funso kumene chidwi ndi nzika za munthu woyamba chidwi. Komabe, nkhani imeneyi ndi losavuta monga Zingaoneke koyamba. mfundo ndi yakuti mukayamba kumvetsa izo, kuyankha mokwanira oyenerera funso kumene kunali munthu woyamba tikupeza kuti mpaka wina mwa zakale kapena ayi okhazikika ndi ambiri amavomereza maganizo pakati Akatswiri a zachikhalidwe. Ndani anthu? Mbali unyolo zamoyo zinachita anali munthu kusiya omwe makolo anyani gawo lake mwadzidzidzi? Ndipotu kusanduka - si limodzi nthawi kuchita, koma yaitali ndi wosakwiya kwambiri kusintha. Vuto chachiwiri ndi funso kumene anadza munthu woyamba tichipeza mu muyezo womwe - ngati zonse munthu payekha, pa maziko? Ndi kaimidwe woongoka, opposable likundikanikizira, kugwiritsa ntchito zida kapena pa buku ubongo? Tiyeni tiyese likuonetsera chithunzi mwachidule za njira Homo sapiens.

Kodi anthu oyambirira anawonekera?

Yankho - mu Africa, zikuoneka. Malinga akuti akatswiri a masiku ano mizere ya makono anyani kwambiri ndi mwachindunji makolo a anthu unagawanika za miliyoni 8-6 zaka zapitazo. Zinali ndiye kuti dziko loyamba bipedal hominids. Mafupa oyambirira nthumwi cholengedwa sahelantrom. Iye anakhala miliyoni 6-7 zaka zapitazo ndi kale anayenda ndi miyendo iwiri. Ndithudi, izo si wake yekha pa mfundo imeneyi angatchedwe Ancient anthu. Ena mbali zake ofanana ndi nyani, koma chakuti iwo ali mbadwa nthambi ali kwambiri anasintha moyo wawo ndipo zimenezi zinakhudzanso m'njira yoyenera. Pakuti Sahelanthropus anatsatira orrorin (pafupifupi mamiliyoni 6 zapitazo), imene onse Australopithecus (padziko 4 miliyoni zapitazo), Paranthropus (miliyoni 2.5). Si onse maulalo anapeza zinthu zakale ndi chibwenzi intervals aatali awa, koma ena a unyolo. Nkofunika kuti aliyense wa hominids anali zina zotsogola poyerekeza akalambula ake. The hominids woyamba amene anali kwenikweni pafupi mtundu masiku ano, anakhala habilis wa Homo (habilis mwamuna) ndi Homo ergaster (ntchito), amene anaonekera 2.4 miliyoni 1,9 zaka zapitazo. Ngati mayunitsi m'mbuyomo, makolo a anthu okhala mu Africa - chopunthira cha anthu. Pomaliza, anthu onse ndi osatsutsika Homo sapiens, amene anali zaka 40 zikwi zapitazo. N'zochititsa chidwi imeneyi ndi mtundu wa munthu adanyamuka Africa, koma nthawi yomweyo, Europe anali kale anthu anthu! Anthu amene, mu maganizo a asayansi amakono, kale ku Ulaya, koma pamapeto pake inasowa ku nkhope ya dziko lapansi, ndipo sali mbadwa mwachindunji anthu amakono, koma kokha akufa mapeto nthambi ya kusanduka. Tikuyankhula zokhudza anthu akalewa wotchuka, amene anakhala zinatha pa zifukwa bwino kwathunthu pafupifupi 25 chikwi. Zaka zapitazo.

Kodi anthu oyambirira anawonekera? Mbiri ya zosayembekezereka wa chitukuko amakezana

Mulimonse mmene zinakhalira, zinali Homo sapiens zoyembekezeka kenako kukhazikika mwa Africa kudutsa mayiko onse a dziko. Kuyambira nthawi imeneyo, anthu salinso akhala akukonza ndi kusintha kwambiri zinthu zamoyo. Komabe, chochitika chofunika anali otchedwa Neolithic utasintha. Ndi ndondomeko ya kusintha kwa appropriating chuma kwa kubereka, ndiko kuti, zikamera wa ulimi ndi nyama husbandry. mitundu yatsopano ya kasamalidwe anasonyeza kuti kwambiri zosavuta, kulola mafuko kuwonjezera kukula kwake, kulenga zochuluka mankhwala ntchito, mwa kukulozani stratification chikhalidwe. Potsilizira pake, njira izi zinachititsa kuti zikamera wa chitukuko woyamba ndipo limati adanyamuka Mesopotamia.