National Park "Nechkinsky": kufotokoza, zizindikiro mfundo zosangalatsa, zomera ndi zinyama

National Park "Nechkinsky" - ndi kusamala, maphunziro zachilengedwe ndi bungwe kafukufuku. Pa m'gawo lake si Mwachibadwa, komanso mbiri yakale ndiponso zachikhalidwe malo a dera Middle Kama. Ali ndi wapadera zokongoletsa, zachilengedwe ndi zosangalatsa mtengo, ndipo ankagwiritsa ntchito zokopa alendo malamulo.

Mbiri ya Park

njira Kuteteza ndi kusunga zinthu zachilengedwe ndi gulu la zinyama multifunctional ntchito mbiri. Mu 1995, boma la Republic Udmurt, anaganiza pa kufunika kwa "Nechkinsky" paki.

Pakali pano, ntchito iliyonse ndikoletsedwa pa m'gawo lake, chimene chingalowe kungasokoneze pa zinyama ndi zomera. Komanso, nedpustimo chilichonse zomangamanga, kuphatikizapo mapaipi ndi misewu.

National Park "Nechkinsky" Izhevsk ali ndi zolinga izi:

1. Kuteteza malo apadera zachilengedwe, komanso zinyama ndi zomera.
2. Kuteteza zipilala mbiri ndi malo cholowa chikhalidwe.
3. Environmental ntchito maphunziro.
4. Kupanga zinthu mulingo woyenera zokopa alendo malamulo komanso zosangalatsa kuchinamwali kuti cholowa mbiri yakale ndiponso zachikhalidwe.
5. Kukhazikitsa njira zatsopano motetezera.
6. Kubwezeretsa mbiri, chikhalidwe ndi masoka malo owonongeka.
7. Chitetezo, kusamala ndi kubalana wa nyama ndi zomera.
8. Environmental polojekiti.

ntchito zachilengedwe

Panopa National Park "Nechkinsky" (Russia) mu maukonde lalikulu la osungirako zachilengedwe chikhalidwe cha Udmurtia ndi imodzi mwa nkhokwe wapatali zinyama. Pali timapepala wapadera nkhalango floodplain, chithaphwi, nyanja, m'chilengedwe mtsinje, zinyama zolusa, osafikiridwa ndi munthu, chikhalidwe ndi zinthu zakale. Kwa anthu ogwira ntchito paki ndi zovuta si kusunga chuma alipo, koma akuchulukila ake, chifukwa gawo lili makumi asanu peresenti ya zikuchokera mitundu ya nyama ndi zomera mu Republic Udmurt.

Malo Hrs wa Malo otetezedwa

National Park "Nechkinsky" ili pa magombe a pa Votkinsk mosungiramo ku malire pakati pa Kama. Tikumbukenso kuti dera la lamanzere ndi lamanja banki ndi wosiyana kwambiri ndi mzake. Mayiko lamanzere gombe anapereka masitepe floodplain ndipo zigwa chigumula. Kama ndi - si kanthu koma chigwa ndi mitsinje yaing'ono, zigwembe ndiponso gullies.

Kama tributary Sivá ndi mitsinje yaikulu ya malo chikhalidwe.

National Park "Nechkinsky" ali pansi ndi kotentha chokhala ndi nyengo. Malo awa yodziwika ndi nyengo yaitali ozizira ndi yotenthayi imakhala, kakafupi nyengo yopuma. July ndi mwezi kutentha kwambiri, nthawi imeneyi kutentha pafupifupi ndi madigiri naintini. Ndipo apa pali nthawi ozizira wa January, kutentha pafupifupi ndi madigiri -15.

Flora

National Park "Nechkinsky" ali ndi kotentha boreal zomera mtundu, amene amakhala ndi kuchuluka kwambiri. mitundu apa 745 zomera mtima apezeka 82 wa iwo - nyama zina ndi inayi m'gulu pangozi. Palinso zomera wapadera, amene koyamba pa kafukufuku kuti kukula kokha mu Malo otetezedwa: omphalodes repens, bango butterbur, Lenets kumunda.

paki chimakhala chogwidwa ndi nkhalango spruce. Koyera spruce Oil anapereka Chifinishi ndi Siberia. Zikupezeka mu gawo unagawanika. Childs, mitengo Oil kuperekedwa ndi Oil mtengo paini, birch, linden. Yelniki anakonza mu gullies ndi ziboliboli zina m'munsi ndi slobozalivaemyh nezalivaemyh bottomland kapena mbali Kama.

Pa dera la Malo otetezedwa anawerengedwa mitundu 24 a zomera fern, gymnosperms 6, 678 - angiosperms.

Park "Nechkinsky" lili pa mphambano za mabacteria atatu nyengo zachilengedwe: nkhalango-steppe, nayonso ndi nkhalango deciduous.

Forest Park magulu

nkhalango Pine ndi osiyanasiyana kwambiri kapangidwe kake. Pine-belomoshniki mwachilungamo okha m'munda kukula. Iwo zili kumwera kwa gawo. Nkhalango fern paini kukumana otuwira, mapulo ndi thundu. Koma cowberry (paini) osankhidwa phiri. Nthawi zambiri kuno paini bango udzu ndi cowberry.

Pali malo angapo kumene Oil chimapambana pa m'mayiko paki. Mu dothi ochuluka kukula alder. Mu nkhalango deciduous ndi deciduous chogwidwa ndi thundu. Mu Kama floodplain chogwidwa ndi m'nkhalango msondodzi.

Pa malo chikhalidwe mukhoza kukumana mwamtheradi mitundu yonse achinyontho: fens, Transitional ndi zomwe zili. M'nkhalango ya paini wa otsika ndi nthawi pali sphagnum bogs.

No zochepa wolemera mu zomera ndi paki madzi. Iwo ali Bole mitundu makumi asanu.

Zinyama "Nechkinskogo 'Park

Animal World "Nechkinsky" National Park ndi yosiyanasiyana. Mu madzi m'dera anthu mitundu 38 ya nsomba, mitundu isanu ndi kwathunthu mbisoweka mogwirizana ndi lamulo la mtsinje wa Volga ndi Kama.

Votkinsk mosungiramo zimapezeka sabrefish, roach, ruff, nsomba, yowawitsa, ndi Volga tizilomboto, Pike, sprat, bream, burbot, bream, ide, nsomba. Nthawi zina kukakwera anagwira carp, mumapezeka nsomba, mlamba, mumapezeka nsomba, woyera diso. Mu madzi ambiri carp, bream koma umalamulira kulikonse.

Panopa, nsomba amaloledwa ndi chiphatso, ndipo, mfundo, zikhoza kukhala nzika iliyonse. Akatswiri akukhulupirira kuti nsomba zamasewela amamuonera kufanana kwambiri ndi angafanane ndi makampani. The okha kusiyana - amakonda mitundu. mafakitale nsomba ndi sabrefish maziko, pamene okonda amakonda nsomba, bream ndi Pike.

A zosiyanasiyana zinyama

Malinga ndi kafukufuku boma la zomera za malo osungirako "Nechkinsky" anaimira mitundu 213 ya inakhala (dziko) nyama. Akatswiri amati pamaso pa mitundu ina atatu, koma palibe deta yolondola. M'zaka khumi zapitazi yasowa muskrat kwathunthu. Ambiri, malinga ndi akatswiri, mndandanda wa nyama akufunika review kwambiri ndiponso kuukonza zina.

Yachokera pa mapepala a University Udmurt akhoza kutsutsa kuti 155 mitundu ya mbalame zokhala paki. Mbali zimenezi akugwa pansi malo kukaikira mazira. mitundu makumi atatu okha moyo pano mpaka kalekale, ena - ataliatali.

paki chimakhala chogwidwa ndi mbalame, ankaikira m'madera nkhalango ndi madambo aakulu. Cholowa cha mbalame steppe ndithu zonyozeka.

nkhalango ndi anthu oimira zotsatirazi wa zomera kuti: mbawala, amphaka, zofiirira chimbalangondo, hedgehog mbalambanda, wamba shrew, matabwa mbewa, ndi Beaver, wamba gologolo, weasel, marten, Boar zakutchire, weasel, akatumbu, nkhandwe, nkhandwe, weasel, otter.

paki wapeza invertebrates oposa 2,000, ambiri pano ndi tizilombo, amene amagwirizana ndi kukhalapo kwa floodplain ndi madambo.

Natural zipilala "Nechkinsky" National Park

Pabwalopo pali eyiti zipilala za chilengedwe zomwe ndi zofunika zamasewela phindu. Zikuphatikizapo kapepala kakuti "Halevy" ndi "Nechkinskoe" kasupe "Makarov" Siwa m'kamwa mwa mtsinje, nyanja madyedwe, peat bogs "Kemulskoe" ndi "Koyera Kostovatovskoe".

Forest m'minda m'mphepete mwa mitsinje ya aakulu mtengo kusamala madzi. onse zipilala za chikhalidwe ndi zofunika ntchito sayansi ndi maphunziro, komanso ali wamkulu angathe bongo. Choona chidwi ndi ziwalo zosiyanasiyana za nyama moyo ndi zomera, ndi kusinthidwa kuti malo awa. Pamodzi iwo apanga wapadera ndi zapadera dera, zimachitika kwina.

ntchito sayansi

Ogwira ntchito paki ndi yogwira ntchito sayansi mbiri ndi kwachilengedwenso malangizo. Pamaso pa malo makumi atatu pofukula amafuna kuphunzira awo mwatsatanetsatane ndi chitsimikizo.

Pamaso pa akuluakulu ndi ntchito zotsatirazi:

1. Kuphunzira mosamala nyama ndi zomera zonse pa paki.
2. Cholinga ziyenera a anthu onse "Red Book" ndi mitundu osowa.
3. Pogwira kafukufuku zofunika pa angapo amadzibisa.

ntchito Scientific "Nechkinsky" National Park ndi zofunika. Pakati pawo, chidwi kwambiri ndi chikhalidwe cha amafotokoza nkhani, imene imachitika kuyambira 2005. Antchito a dipatimenti sayansi m'dera otetezedwa nthawi zonse kufalitsa ntchito zawo, Pakati:

1. Njenjete zinyama a paki.
2. Corydalis National Park.
3. Zinyama zovunda kafadala.
4. Zotsatira za kafukufuku, longhorn kafadala.

Ntchito kwambiri, iwo kuphimba nyama ndi zomera za paki "Nechkinsky". Komanso, ndodo mwachangu kwambiri mogwirizana ndi chiwerengero cha ulendo, mabungwe kafukufuku zakale, ndi zipsera. Partnership Scientific amathandiza ntchito kafukufuku ndi Chiongoko ndi popereka zotsatira za ntchito osati mu bwalo yopapatiza akatswiri, komanso pakati pa anthu ena onse, motero kukopa anthu, kudzipereka kwa mavuto a chikhalidwe.