Liaodong Peninsula ku China: kufotokoza, mbiri ndi miyambo. Dera la Liaodong Peninsula

Liaodong Peninsula limabweretsa China, izo lili m'mayiko kumpoto kum'mawa kwa dziko. Pa m'gawo lake lili m'chigawo Liaoning. Chilumba wakhala nkhani zofunika pa nkhondo asilikali pakati China ndi Japan. Anthu Liaodong kale chinkhoswe mu ulimi, nsomba, sericulture, horticulture, malonda ndi mchere kupanga.

malo Hrs

m'malire awo Liaodong chilumba mabala mu madzi a m'Nyanja Yellow. Iwo amatsuka madzi a kumalo awiri - Western Korea ndi Liaodong. Kum'mwera chakumadzulo kwa m'gawo lake adjoins Guangdong Peninsula, gawo la izo.

mafotokozedwe

Dera la Liaodong Peninsula ndi yaikulu kwambiri. The akutambasula yaitali malo a kumpoto, kum'mawa kwa kum'mwera kumadzulo. m'litali ndi makilomita 225. M'lifupi m'dera pa malo osiyana ndi mu uthunthu wa makilomita 80-130.

South kumadzulo gombe kuchokera Guangdong ndi riasovy khalidwe. chilumba malo ndi mapiri zigwa ndi mapiri otsika. Pa m'gawo lake ndi phiri m'kati Buyunshan. The dothi ali omangika nkhalango ndi zitsamba.

Part wa dziko wotanganidwa ndi kum'mwera kwa mzinda yaikulu ya Dalian. Mzinda ali apanyanja atatu madoko: Port Arthur, Dairen ndi Dalian-galimoto. Onse a mumzindawo, litatenga Liaodong Peninsula, apanga mofulumira popeza mapeto a XX kuti chiyambi cha m'ma XXI.

Chiyambi cha dzina

The Chinese kuitana izi dzina la malo Lyaodunbandao. Gawo loyamba la dzina - "Liaodong" linachokera ku Liaohe mtsinje ukuyenda kumeneko. Pakati pa dzina anaika akuti "tung" omwe anamasuliridwa kuti "East". Chifukwa cha zimenezi, dzina la dzina la malo kutanthauziridwa monga "kum'mawa dziko la Liao."

mpumulo

The mtunda ndi mbali ya yaikulu lamba phiri. Iwo wapangidwa makamaka a miyala, shale ndi khwatsi sandstones. Pali malo interspersed ndi gneiss ndi basalt chimakwirira. Pa ambiri mtunda otsika kunama. Low mapiri ndi zitunda zathyathyathya wotanganidwa chilumba kum'mwera kumadzulo kwa dziko.

Kuchokera chakumadzulo kwa kumpoto mapiri kutambasula lokwera Qianshan, anazitsanulira mwa Plateau Changbai, kusiya mu Manchuria, ku malire North Korea. Mapiri lokwera kuthamanga kufanana anapanga schists wakale ndi granites.

zochitika Atmospheric anatembenuzira m'mapiri mu nsonga zisonga ndi zitunda chodabwitsa. Mountain nsonga zambiri kuuluka mpaka mamita 1000 kapena zambiri. Pachimake lapamwamba kwambiri pa phiri Buyun, kutalika kwake - mamita 1130.

The CHAKUM'MWERA ndi lathyathyathya. Kutalika kwa phiri otsetsereka si adagulung'undisa chifukwa chilemba cha mamita 500. Mbali yaikulu ya pamwamba ali ndi mapiri, kufika msinkhu wa mamita 300. miyala ndi olemera zitsulo, golide, mkuwa, magnesite. Mu am'derali migodi ndi boron salt.

Mapiri Liaodong Peninsula ku China chimakwirira dongosolo lalikulu mtsinje. Mtsinje ake olimbika, chakudya Yalu, tepi yomwe meanders pamodzi m'mayiko a kum'mawa, Liaohe, panopa m'madera kumadzulo, Nyanja Yellow.

Mtsinje zigwa ndi madambo alluvial yopapatiza ndithu. Area m'malire otsika-atagona (kupatula kumalekezero kum'mwera kumadzulo) akusintha mchikakamizo cha mafunde. Mu kum'mwera chakum'mawa ndi kumpoto chakumadzulo gombe otsika ndi molunjika, zouma mafunde otsika. Kamtunda kopita ku chilumba cha Jinzhou kusema kumalo awiri. Chifukwa cha iwo, kum'mwera kumadzulo malekezero a patalipatali. gawo akutchedwa Port Arthur chilumba.

The zinyama ndi zomera

Zigwa wotanganidwa ndi minda. Iwo amacheza chimanga, mawere, tirigu, chimanga, mpunga ndi manyuchi. anthu ali zikugwira kulima fodya, mabulosi, thonje ndi masamba. Zobiriwira m'minda zipatso pansi Liaodong Peninsula. Mwambo wa zipatso kulima kuno n'chopatulika. Ambiri a m'gawo lake lagawidwa apulo zipatso. Pa malo ake kukula mphesa, mapichesi, apricots ndi mapeyala.

The phiri otsetsereka okutidwa ndi m'nkhalango ya thundu ndipo otuwira. Mountain Oaks, podernuvshie ya m'mapiri otsetsereka akhala malo a silkworms zakutchire. anthu Local kusonkhanitsa cocoons awo ndipo amalandira silika achilengedwe. Deltas omangika mabango kuti ntchito ngati mafuta.

Zinyama Liaodong zatha chifukwa malo amene kuli anthu, nkhalango ndi chiwerengero a m'dzikolo nalo. Liaotung Peninsula asezare akalulu, agologolo, woodchuck chipmunks, ferrets ndi nyama zina laskami khalidwe la M'madera a zitunda izi. Mu kumpoto, pali mbawala, kusamuka kwa nkhalango East Manchurian.

nyengo

Zima pa chilumba lililonse limatisokoneza, mosiyana ndi ogundizana madera kumpoto kum'mawa kwa China. Chaka chilichonse pali ikagwa 500-700 mamilimita mvula. Izi kuposa Liaohe Valley. Kulandilidwa ndi mphambu ziwili za iwo mu mvula mu July-September. Nthawi ya zomera m'dera limeneli akuti masiku 200. Komabe, m'dera la kum'mwera kwambiri kuti amatenga masiku 220.

nkhani

m'dera lili kum'mawa kwa Liaohe Mtsinje, kuyambira nthawi yakale. Kamodzi linali Yingzhou - limodzi mwa madera khumi amene kale kugawidwa m'dera la China. Malowa nthawi ya ulamuliro wa Qin ndi Han prefecture ankatchedwa Liaodong. Ngakhale chilumba anali malire kumpoto chakumadzulo kwa prefecture Lyaosi.

analanda dziko

Sino-Japanese Nkhondo ya 1894-1895. Iwo inatha osati mokomera China. asilikali Japanese asilikali Chinese ndi asilikali. Pamene kusainira mtendere wa Shimonoseki mu April 17, 1995 Qing Mafumu ceded ndi Liaodong Peninsula ndi mbali zina za Japanese.

Komabe, izi kusintha kwa zinthu sankasangalala Russia, Germany ndi France. Russian Ufumu ankaona zochita za Japanese monga kuopseza awo Far East katundu. Ndi thandizo la adani, ndi kuika kukakamiza Japan, anabwerera iye China kugwira dziko chifukwa cha armistice lapansi.

Yokakamiza analanda dziko la Liaodong Peninsula zinachitika mu November 1895. Kubwelanso kwa dziko lakumwamba Japan analipira taels 30 miliyoni. Chifukwa cha analanda dziko ya Japanese kuugwira wa Port Arthur kuti basi sankasangalala iwo.

Choka Liaodong kubwereka USSR

March 27, chaka cha 1898 Sino-Russian pangano pa pangano la Liaodong Peninsula yosainidwa. Mu dongosolo la Russian Ufumu anasamuka ku madoko ayezi madzi: Port Arthur ndi Dalian. Pamodzi ndi madoko kunditumiza ku ozungulira dziko ndi pafupi madzi. Port Arthur kulimbitsa, lisanduke asilikali apanyanja.

Kuyambira Harbin kumwera kwa chilumbachi, amene anadziwika monga malo Kwantung, anamanga South Manchurian Railway. Njanji anatambasula kudutsa Manchuria, analola Russia zimakhudza North China, popanda kuchita Japanese mwayi kuzindikira moona expansionist zolinga kwa China. China ndi Russia agwirizana kuti adzapereka mothandizana asilikali, ngati kuukira Japanese pa iwo kapena Korea.

The Japanese tasiya ndilibe maganizo pitiliza m'deralo. Pozindikira kuti Russian ufumu kwenikweni udzachotsedwa kwa iwo, kulanda dzikolo, boma Japanese kwalimbikitsa yoweyula latsopano la nkhondo mu dzikolo. Chigamulo osankhika ndi kale anachititsa aukali mfundo yachilendo, akuyitanira mtundu wopulumuka amatsatirabe kwambiri kuchuluka misonkho.

Iye apikira kuti anatuma njira zonse kwa kubwezera latsopano asilikali, imene akufuna kupeza m'madera otaika. Mu May 1904 panali ankafika la asilikali Japanese mu Liaodong Peninsula. Iwo ulidule ku Chile, anakakhala doko Dalian. asilikali Russian anayenera abwerere. asilikaliwo anabwerera, ankaganiza mu kufikako asilikali a Port Arthur. The Japanese inayamba kumenyana ndipo anapambana linga lolimba.

Portsmouth Mtendere anamaliza mu 1905. Malinga ndi pangano mtendere, Russian Ufumu anapereka Liaodong Japan. Pansi pa ulamuliro wa Manchuria ndi Japanese anakhala zaka 40. Only mu 1945, Russian ndi Chinese asilikali atathamangitsidwa ndi khama anzake a dziko Japanese wachokera ku China.

The Soviet Army kusiya Manchuria mu 1946, kusiya ena asilikali mu Liaodong Peninsula. Soviet Union ndi China adzatenga zochita pa ntchito anzake a Port Arthur. pangano tidzakhalabe mphamvu mpaka kulanda umwini kwa dziko la ku China, unachitikira mu May 1955.