Monga Chaka Chatsopano anali yokondwerera Russia? History Chaka Chatsopano holide

Kale, moyo wa mtundu uliwonse anali mosamalitsa nkhaniyi kuti m'zinthu. Vuto masiku machindunji, monga kusintha kwa nyengo ndi zochitika pachaka chosatha, chimene chinali mapeto a nthawi zina ndi chiyambi cha lotsatira. Choncho, kulankhula za pamene ndi mmene kukondwerera Chaka Chatsopano mu Russia, izo sizimatanthauza kwambiri kutchula masiku enieni. Ofufuza sakudziwika bwinobwino mmene anaganiza kukondwerera zinachitika pa Chikristu chisanayambe (ena amatchula zimenezi zimapezeka kokha magwero olemba yachilendo), koma, ngati coronation mpingo ulamuliro miyambo yachikunja kuti silinathe Makhalidwe ena analemba mu zolembedwa ndi zikalata zina .

Monga Chaka Chatsopano anali yokondwerera Lazaro ku Chikhristu

Akukhulupirira kuti Asilavo chikondwerero cha kufika Chaka Chatsopano pa March 22, ndiko kuti, pa tsiku la March vernal. Chikondwerero chimenechi inapatulidwa ndi mapeto a yozizira ndi kudzutsidwa zachilengedwe. Pa tsiku ili, zikondamoyo wophikidwa (zinaimira dzuwa) ndi kutentha ndi effigy wa Carnival, bungwe zikondwerero wowerengeka ndi masewera osiyanasiyana mwambo, kupita kunyumba ya wina ndi mzake.

Kenako maholide monga Carnival ndi Chaka Chatsopano, iwo anagawanika. Ichi chinali chifukwa kukhazikitsidwa kwa Christianity.

Kolyada: Miyambo

Koma mwa anthu onse a ku Ulaya (kuphatikizapo East Asilavo) panali chikondwerero china, umene unachitika lero, ndi Chaka Chatsopano maholide. Linayamba sabata yatha wa December (pa yozizira) ndi unatenga masiku 12. Mu Scandinavia anawatcha Khirisimasi, ndipo mu Russia - Kolyada. holide imeneyi si chinali kusintha kwa nyengo, ndi kubadwa kwa dzuwa latsopano (chifukwa chabe ku mfundo imeneyi masana amayamba kutalika). Kolyada anali chizindikiro cha Star Mulungu, wolema ndi mummers a.

Polemekeza Khirisimasi Carols bwalo kuvina (kusonyeza kayendedwe ka dzuwa kudutsa mlengalenga), anayatsa chimoto panja (ankaganiza kuti masiku ano makolo akufa anabwera kwa iye kutentha). miyambo Chaka Chatsopano mu Russia ukudalira miyambo ya Khirisimasi Carols. Kenako adaonjezeredwa ndi Khirisimasi, onse amene ndithu mwamtendere coexisted.

chakudya mwambo

Lingaliro la dzuwa latsopano kugwirizana ndi moyo watsopano ndi chonde. Mu kum'mawa Asilavo mulungu wobereketsa (choncho ziweto) anali Velez. Ndi ulemu wake pa Kolyada anaganiza kuti akonze mtanda (poyamba - Korowai, mwambo mkate, chimene m'malo ng'ombe ya nsembe) ndi Roe - makeke mu mawonekedwe a mbuzi, nkhosa ndi nkhuku.

Chaka Chatsopano mu Russia wakale kumakumbukulidwa pa mlingo waukulu: mbale yaikulu pa tebulo anali nkhumba. Pa mkati ake mwadzifunsapo zimene zingakhale chisanu ndi zimene amayembekezera chaka chatsopano. Osati popanda Anikulapo - dzinthu gulu, mbali yaikulu amene anali mbewu ya tirigu - ndi Uzvara (stewed zipatso) - compote zipatso zouma. N'zoona kuti banja lililonse angakwanitse nkhumba, koma ankaona kutya chikhumbo singasiyanitsidwe chakudya (a Asilavo anali makamaka alimi). Madzulo a Khirisimasi Carols komanso moŵawu, mapayi zophikidwa ndi kumadzazidwa zosiyanasiyana. Wochuluka wamba chakudya ankaona chinsinsi chonde ndi chuma chaka kubwera.

mipingu

Mbiri ya Chaka Chatsopano chikondwerero wakhala kugwirizana ndi zozizwitsa - onse mokondwera ndi mantha. Pambuyo ubatizo wa Lazaro Kolyada anasintha Christmastide. Lingaliro la Khirisimasi ndi Vasiliev Tsiku (January 1), koma mwambo wofanana.

Woyamba masiku asanu a phwando anali lopatulika, ndi lotsatira asanu - zoopsa. Anthu ankakhulupirira kuti pambuyo Vasiliev tsiku kuchokera pansi pa dziko akubwera ndi kuwaletsa mizimu yoipa imayendayenda kwambiri padziko lapansi. M'pofunika kapena kuti aphwetse mkwiyo kapena Thamangitsa. Aphwetse mkwiyo mizimu yoipa phala miphika ndi anasonyeza pansi pa chitseko, ndi kutulutsa - chimoto panja ndi chikondwerero phokoso ndi miyambo nyimbo - carols. Ana ndi akulu ankavala zophimba kumaso makungwa zovala ndi ubweya uko ndi kuchokera nyumba ndi nyumba, pofuna chisangalalo ndi chuma eni kuwataya tirigu. Makamu anali Nthabwala kuchereza mikate kapena masikono - Roe.

kuwombeza

"Zima" Chaka Chatsopano mu Russia wakale anali tchuthi kubadwanso dzuwa, kotero kukomana naye anali kukhala mozungulira yatsopano ndi yoyera. Anthu kuika zambiri unworn kavalidwe, kusesa nyumba, ikuchitika kukonza miyambo anayamba kulankhula nyama. A mbali mokakamiza holide anali kuombeza. Iwo anapulumuka masiku ano, ngakhale mpingo magulu onse kumenyana ndi iwo. Akazi ndikudabwa pa sera, kalirole, ulusi, zam'mimba nyama, maloto, mithunzi, makadi mphete ndi mababu. Nthawi zonse, iwo anali anthu okonda zinthu zomwezo: chuma, chimwemwe, Zokolola mwayi wokwatiwa mu chaka chikubwerachi. Monga ulamuliro, ula anakonza mu kusamba, amene kuyambira m'masiku a chikunja ankaona malo opatulika.

Mmene Baibulo la New Chaka anali wotchuka mu Russia mu nthawi ya mbiri yachikhristu

Choncho, pa nthawi ya kukhazikitsidwa kwa chikhulupiriro chatsopano mu 988 kum'mawa Asilavo chikondwerero awiri zikondwerero zikuluzikulu - Mardi Gras ndi Kolyada, omwe akhoza kuzindikiridwa ndi Chaka Chatsopano. Koma m'nkhani yoyamba, Chaka Chatsopano anali kugwirizana ndi mapeto a yozizira ndi chiyambi cha ntchito ya zaulimi, pamene lachiwiri - ndi kubwerera kwa dzuwa padziko lapansi, ndi kugonjetsa magulu oipa. Kodi tchuthi zinali zofunika kwambiri, zovuta kunena.

Kuyambira m'ma 10 mbiri ya Chaka Chatsopano chikondwerero nthawi zonse akukumana chikoka cha mpingo. Mkubwela kwa Christianity, chachitika pa 1 March, monga mmene anthu ankachitira mu Ufumu wa Roma. Kuchokera maina M'mwezi womwewo anali anabwereka ndi limafotokozera (kwa chilengedwe cha dziko). masiku Offset sizinali choncho amphamvu, ndi luso chinaoneka popanda kukana. Shrovetide mwambo, monga kupita alendo pa zikondamoyo ndi kumenyana oseketsa ndi mpikisano zosiyanasiyana, moto effigy yozizira, analimbikira.

Ecclesiastical Chaka Chatsopano: September 1,

Zaka zapita, ndisungunuka Kievan Lazaro. Chaka Chatsopano akadali kumakumbukulidwa pa 1 March. Koma zinthu zinasintha Bungwe la Nicaea: 14 m'ma chikondwerero cha chaka chatsopano (chaka chatsopano) anali kulephereka kwa 1 September. M'zaka za m'ma 15, Ivan III analamula kuti Nganizilani ichi chiyambi cha tsiku ndi chaka boma ndi mpingo. Kusintha tsiku atero, kulimbitsa ndi udindo wa boma Russian ndi kuonjezera kutchuka kwa Mpingo m'dera Orthodox. Malinga ndi nthano, Mulungu analenga dziko mu September. M'mayiko ndi nyengo bata mu mwezi uno zinatha ntchito zaulimi, ndi nyengo ya "mpumulo chidziko amasamala," koma Russia nkhaniyo zinthu zosiyana kwambiri. Komabe, akuluakulu a tchalitchi ndi nkhawa pang'ono. September 1, tsiku la Simeona Stolpnika anasonkhana misonkho mangawa linalipiridwa. Izo zikhoza kugonjera zopempha mfumu. Mipingo imachitika mtchalitchi ku likulu la mfumu anauza anthuwo. Mu madzulo mabanja anasonkhana chakudya, anadya mead ndi mowa. M'dzinja m'chaka chatsopano mu chisanadze Petrine Russia monga mofunitsitsa ngati Khirisimasi nthawi, ndipo Shrove Lachiwiri.

kusintha Petrine

Mwazina, mpingo Chaka Chatsopano akadali kumakumbukulidwa pa September 1, ngakhale okhulupirira onse adziwe izi. Koma tsiku la boma mavuto zikomo kwa Petro, amene kusintha ake lolunjika osati pa Ulaya komanso ku Balkan Asilavo. Iwo onse chikondwerero cha chaka chatsopano m'nyengo yozizira.

Peter anayambitsa "mwapang'onopang'ono" nyengo - kuchokera kubadwa kwa Khristu, ndipo si ku chilengedwe cha dziko. Isanayambike January 1, 1700 m'mizinda kale mu European - ndi unsembe wa chikondwerero mitengo ya paini, chokongoletsera nyumba, firecrackers ndi mfuti mfuti, mphatso ndi parades. Inasanduka tchuthi boma.

About yemweyo monga Chaka Chatsopano anali yokondwerera Russia, anene icho tsopano. Inde, ambiri aiwala miyambo ndi tanthauzo la ena zochita, koma lonse mwambo anasonyeza kuti kwambiri olimbikira, ndi n'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa pa mdima ndipo nthawi yozizira, anthu ndi chodziwa kufunika kusangalala ndi phokoso chikondwerero.