Ubatizo wa Lazaro

Mosakayikira, chimodzi mwa zinthu zimene zooneka chitukuko m'dziko lathu kwa zaka zambiri ndipo ngakhale zaka patsogolo - ndi Ubatizo wa Lazaro. Ngakhale kuti tsiku linalake wakhala anakonza mbiri ya chochitika ichi, 988 ga zoona, anabatizidwa Lazaro nthawi yayitali.

Kuyambira kale, wodziwika Nthawi zina mankhwalawa wa Asilavo chikhulupiriro cha Akhristu. Mwa zina obatizidwa ndi Olga. N'zoona za zifukwa mbiri yakale ake kanthu kukangana. Winawake anati kuti iye ankakhulupirira kuti Mulungu umodzi, ena amakhulupirira kuti zimenezi anali kuchitapo ndale. Pali ngakhale nthano okongola kuti Olga, amene mwamuna wake, anakana pambuyo pa imfa yake kachiwiri kukwatira. Ndipo kodi amayambitsa mavuto aliwonse bola ngati zilibe amukopere Mfumu Constantine. Kukana chotero mkwatibwi zinali zovuta chifukwa chakuti mavuto andale. Ndipo Olga anavomera. Ndipo kotero, monga Mfumu anali Orthodox, chifukwa ukwati naye Olga anabatizidwa, ndipo iye anamufunsa kuti godfather ake. Atakhala ubatizo Constantine anafuna kuti tsiku ukwati. Olga anati kuti bambo akhoza kukhala mwana wa mwamuna wake ndipo anasamukira ku Kiev. Ndithudi, izi ndi chabe nthano, zomwe ziribe kanthu kochita ndi mfundo zenizeni. ubatizo Olga anali mmodzi wa masitepe woyamba, kubweretsa ubatizo wa Lazaro.

Koma mwana wake, Svyatoslav, Chikhristu sagwirizana. Ndinasankha kukhala woona ku chikhulupiriro cha makolo awo. Komanso, ndi Olga mdzukulu Vladimir. Poyamba, iye anali zimakupiza odzipereka za kupembedza milungu yambiri. Izi sizinamulepheretse kenako anabatizidwa ndi kubatiza onse Kiev ku 988, imeneyo ndi analowa mabuku monga Ubatizo wa Russia.

Tsopano ndi kovuta kunena ngati Vladimir umakhulupiriradi, kapena chonse kuchita ndale. Komabe, kusokoneza kwambiri za mavuto azandale maganizo ake kukana sikutheka Mulimonsemo. malingaliro atagwira Maganizo a mgwirizano wa anthu Russian, amene kwambiri akulephera ndi mgwirizano wa chipembedzo, kuyambira m'malire a Kievan Lazaro kunyumba kwa mafuko ambiri, wina ndi milungu yawo.

Ulendo woyamba mosamalitsa mgwirizano anali anayesetsa pansi pa mothandizidwa ndi chikunja. Near Kyiv, mkulu wa Vladimir anali kumanga kachisi pomwe mafano asanu anapezeka asanu milungu yosiyanasiyana Asilavo. Motero, iye ankafuna kuti akonze gulu wamba milungu, amene akanatha kukhala phata la kugwirizana kwa mafuko. Koma ziyembekezero wake si zimene zinachitika.

Kenako anayamba kuyang'ana njira ina. Poganiza kuti ndi chifukwa chokwanira kokha achipembedzo kucheza, iye anayamba kuphunzira zikhulupiriro zina ndi miyambo. Amadziwika kuti iye mwachangu Zikuvumbulutsidwa nkhani zimenezi osati ndi Byzantium. Amagwiritsidwanso sankaoneka ngati njira zotheka ndi Islam, Chikatolika, ndipo ngakhale anali kulemberana ndi a Khazar Khanate. Komabe, iye anasankha mapeto Orthodoxy, kubweretsa ubatizo wa Russia. Chifukwa chisankho ndi momveka bwino.

Choyamba, Byzantium anali kwa Russia ndi amene angakuthandizeni chofunika kwambiri. Komanso, pa nthawi iyi ya Basil II wa, mfumu Byzantine adafuna ogwirizana ndi Goliyati, ponena wachifumu. Ndipo iye anayesa tipezekemo thandizo la Vladimir ndi Lazaro, Vladimir anapereka chifukwa cha ukwati wa mlongo wake, Mfumukazi Anne. Ubwino wa ukwati kwa kalonga Russian akuoneka ndipo anavomera kuthandiza mfumu ndipo kuti abatizidwe monga Amitundu anakwatira Orthodox sakanakhoza.

Komabe, pambuyo kalonga Russian anakwaniritsa mbali za m'thumba, Basil anayamba onenepa kwa nthawi, chifukwa Ndipotu ubwenzi umenewu sanali okondwa kwambiri za izo. Vladimir anali kukwaniritsa zimene anamulonjeza. Chifukwa chaichi anagwira mzinda wa Korsun (masiku ano Hersonissos) ndi kum'pereka kwa Mfumu ngati mtengo mkwatibwi. Ukwati anali kudwala.

Zinali zitatha izi natenga Ubatizo wa Kievan Lazaro. Ndithudi, kwambiri atafika ku mtsinje onse anthu a Kiev ndi kuponya pa icho monga iye anaika mafano mavuto onse obwera ndi kukhazikitsidwa kwa chikhulupiriro chatsopano, tenepo iye adanyerezera pyakukhonda. anthu ambiri akhala sankafuna wake. Makamaka zoipa zinamutengera ku Novgorod, womwe poyamba anali mkulu Vladimir. Iye ankaona wampatuko ndiponso asakhululukire kuperekedwa kwa chikhulupiriro bambo ake.

miyeso chogonedwa monyengeleredwa kutsatira kalonga sanafune kuti, ankafuna kugwira lotseguka nkhomaliro ndi chikondi zochitika pansi pa mothandizidwa ndi mpingo. Komabe, sangathe kuchita popanda imposition moumiriza chikhulupiriro. M'madera ambiri anali kubatizidwa ndi moto ndi lupanga.

Ubatizo wa Russia ndi zotsatirapo yaikulu, n'zotheka kuti chinthu chachikulu patsogolo mu chikhalidwe ndi chikhalidwe chitukuko cha dziko.