Kulimbikitsa Mtendere Padziko Lapansi

Aliyense mu dziko amadziwa kuti dziko - zili zabwino zimene munthu akhoza kukhala. Palibe munthu amene akufuna nkhondo, owonongedwa, njala ndi mantha. Koma mwatsoka, ziribe kanthu momwe tinayesetsa kuugwira mtima pa nkhondo, nkhondo ndi kumenyana mulimonse, mu malo amodzi kapena wina zimachitika ndi kuwonjezeka mosalekeza. Asayansi amati mu 1945 dziko lapansi masiku 25 mtendere. Kuphatikiza mtendere dziko - patsogolo m'mayiko onse, ndi mabungwe pamodzi.

mtendere wosatha

Malingaliro a ganizo wosatha Greece wakale. Koma ngakhale ndiye, Plato anafotokoza maganizo ake kuti nkhondoyo - ichi ndi boma chilengedwe cha anthu, ndipo sizisintha.

Ndi malingaliro a mtendere wosatha ngakhale anthu amene anachita osatekeseka nkhondo. Napoleon ndimafuna kulimbikitsa kufanana lonse Europe, koma kugonjetsa mayiko ena kukakamiza yekha.

Kuphatikiza mtendere dziko - zovuta. Prince Alexei Malinovsky anali wotsimikiza kuti tifulumizane udani akazembe, ndi zochita zawo payenera kutsekedwa.

Chofunika kwambiri kupewa mikangano misa anayamba kutsatira pambuyo First World nkhondo. Ndiyeno analenga League of Nations, amene cholinga chinali kungafooketse ndi aggressors chachikulu. Koma, monga ife tikudziwa kuchokera ku mbiriyakale, palibe zabwino sikunapange, ndipo mu 1939 Wachiwiri World nkhondo inayamba. Koma pambuyo pake, lingaliro la kasamalidwe nkhondo ndi kulimbikitsa luso dziko wakhala kofunika kutero.

UN

The United Nations analengedwa mu 1945 kuti asunge kugwirizana pakati States ndi kuteteza mikangano ikuluikulu. Chibwenzi, kumaphatikizapo m'mayiko 191, pafupifupi mayiko onse alipo mu dziko. Tinganene kuti UN kumakhudza yaikulu mphamvu ya malamulo? Osati ndendende, koma kwa zaka 70 moyo wawo wa bungwe akadali anakwanitsa kuteteza nkhondo zikuluzikulu.

udindo wake mu mbiri ya UN ndi mwapadera ankasewera pa mavuto Berlin (1948-1949), ndi Cuba chida mavuto (1962) ndi mavuto Middle East (1963). Tsopano zotsatira za bungwe ochepa penapake, ndi olamulira ambiri zigawenga okonda simukufuna kumvetsera kwa anthu padziko lonse. Tinganene kuti UN ali otha ake mu mawu a ntchito bwino ntchito zake, ndipo tsopano ayenera kupeza njira zamakono latsopano kulimbikitsa mtendere.

kukhazikitsa mtendere

A nambala yaikulu anthu okonzeka kuthandiza awo woganizira ena mavuto. Iwo akutchedwa odzipereka. Koma pali mtundu wapadera wa mongodzipereka kuti kuvutitsa boma internecine. Iwo zambiri chimatchedwa peacekeepers.

The kuphatikiza mtendere sizingatheke zina, popanda okhazikitsa mtendere. Popeza 1990s mochedwa, pali zitsanzo zingapo za zikunena bwino kupewa mikangano ndi nkhondoyi. Choyamba, opareshoni ku Kosovo (1999), East Timor (2002-2005).

Pakali pano, ntchito okhazikitsa mtendere imachitika mbali ziwiri:

1. Pa maziko a mwaubwino UN.

2. Pa maziko a chigamulo cha zipembedzo (NATO, wa AU) kapena anagwirizana maiko (a Kisi, ndi Eurasian Union).

Ambiri nkhondo m'dziko masiku ano - aboma internecine nkhondo. The kuphatikiza mtendere mu nkhani iyi ndi zovuta chifukwa chakuti zipani sanafune kumvetsera maganizo ndi malangizo a lachitatu maphwando. Mu nkhani imeneyi, wopanda mphamvu peacekeepers.

pacifism

azimuth wina, kudziwika m'mayiko onse - ndi pacifism. Mfundo, amene mbali kwathunthu kukusalani kuthekera chiwawa chifukwa cha zoyipa anamuchokera. Ndiko kuti, ife siyidzatipweteka aliyense, ndiyeno nkubwera mtendere wa dziko.

Odana ndi nkhondo Suzie aliyense nkhondo ingathetsedwe mwamtendere. Mitima yawo odzazidwa ndi ubwino ndi kuwala, ndipo mbama iliyonse iwo akuzitembenukira kumbali yina ya nkhope, ponena kuti agonje amayambitsa mokwiya.

Nobel Prize Mtendere

Kuyambira 1901, a mphoto wotchuka amazindikira manambalawo kwambiri kwa kuphatikiza mtendere. Ntchito imeneyi ndi yovuta kwambiri, chifukwa kuugwira mtima, ngakhale mkati dziko lawo ndi zovuta. Ambiri chochititsa chidwi, ndi nominees anali Benito Mussolini ndi Adolf Hitler. Ife ankafuna kupereka mphoto yaikulu ndi Lenin kwa lingaliro la chilengedwe cha anthu Union, koma chinalepheretsa awarding wa Civil nkhondo. Koma Amakwaniritsidwa Mahatma Gandhi linapereka ndi sanapatsidwe ngakhale kuti asankha nthawi 12. Ambiri amakhulupirira kuti ndi munthu yekhayo amene akuyenera ulemu.

Zikutsutsana Nobel Peace Prize kuchuluka yaikulu, chifukwa kulimbitsa dziko - ndi ntchito zovuta kwambiri, zomwe n'zokayikitsa amene angathe kuthetsa.