Anthu Malta akuti: chiwerengero ndi mitundu zikuchokera

Malta - Mediterranean Republic, limene lili zilumba zingapo. anthu Chimatisi amatchulira dziko lawo chidole, chifukwa atatu okha zilumba zogona za malo aang'ono woyenera anthu ambiri, mbiri ndi okongola kwambiri zachilengedwe.

Mwachidule za malo a zilumba

The zilumba Chimatisi ili mu mtima wa Mediterranean. Awa ndi zitatu zazikulu ndi angapo ang'onoang'ono zilumba zomwe zimapanga dziko. The lalikulu la iwo - Comino, Gozo ndipo, ndithudi, Malta. Yotsirizira - chilumba waukulu mwa zilumba lonse, ndipo kumakhudza pafupifupi 80% ya anthu, komanso midzi yonse yaikulu: Valletta - likulu la Republic, Zejtun, Sliema ndi ena.

Pa mtundu uliwonse amaika chilembo chachikulu mbiri ya dziko lake, anali nazonso ndi anthu Malta.

Mbiri ya statehood

Dziko zimachokera kuchokera pamene panayambira kubadwa kwa chitukuko cha dziko. Masiku ano, olemba mbiri anapeza kuti anthu woyamba wa chisumbucho ankachita kuluka, ulimi ndi ulimi nyama.

Koma pafupi zaka 2000 zapitazo, nthaŵi zonse za moyo wa Chimatisi wakale inawonongedwa: m'zaka 12 BC, ku Foinike njuchi Malta, ndipo m'zaka za zana lachisanu ndi chimodzi dziko anamvera Carthage. Kenako, iye anagonjetsedwa ndi Ufumu wa Roma, ndipo atagwa dziko anapita ku Byzantium.

chikhalidwe Arab ndi mphamvu pa moyo ndi chitukuko cha anthu Chimatisi. Koma mu 1090 ku Normandy analanda dziko Chimatisi kuti anatembenuka chitukuko dziko mu zikuluzikulu za ku Ulaya, ndipo kenako, mu 1282, anayamba kulamulira Spain.

Komanso, mpaka m'ma 15, chilumbacho anayamba: zinaoneka masitolo ambiri Chotsimikizika, kukula thonje dziko ndi tirigu. Chilumba anakhala lalikulu likulu la zamalonda Europe. Koma pambuyo Malta anali pakati pa nkhondo kosalekeza kwa Ulaya ndi Africa. Economy and Agriculture wa dziko Chimatisi mofulumira sanali kumusamalira.

Chipulumutso anabwera 1530, pamene Knights Hospitallers kukhazikika pa chilumba cha mtima wake. Mu 1798, a Order anadutsa izo pansi pa alimbane wa asilikali Napoleon a. anthu Malta wakhala Sadadzipangire French anapanduka. Kuthandiza anthu a Britain anali, mu 1800, amene anayambitsa mayiko a asilikali ankhondo.

kusintha yakale kugwirizana ndi ubwino wa anthu Chimatisi, momveka zimaonekera kuchuluka kwa anthu ake tchati (zaziwerengero kusintha), amene anapereka m'munsimu mu gawo loyenera.

Kumayambiriro kwa zaka za m'ma 20, okhala anagalukira ulamuliro atsamunda, koma Britain ankamutsutsa. Komabe, kale mu 1921, anthu ali ndi zochepa kudzilamulira.

Wachiwiri World nkhondo ndi wathunso ndi gawo laling'ono la dzikoli.

Chimatisi chinaimirira pamaso pa nkhonya onse, ndipo mu 1942 kwa ungwazi ndipo mosaopa mfumu British anapereka dziko mphoto apamwamba - dongosolo la St. George.

Nthawi unawonongedwa anaperekanso ena alionse. Yogwira kulimbana ndale mudakhumudwapo pa ufulu Malta a. Ndipo mu 1964, anazindikira ufulu wa dziko.

zikuchokera National a anthu, ndi a manenedwe

chinenero ndi English ndipo, ndithudi, Chimatisi. Chiwerengero cha Malta lero mwakhama ntchito zonsezo pa mlingo chomwecho. A ambiri m'dzikoli amalankhula zabwino French ndi Spanish.

The zikuchokera nzika za mtundu chilumba pafupifupi homogeneous: 95% ya dziko ali zamakolo Chimatisi, oposa 97% amene kulalikira Chikatolika. Komanso mu chikhalidwe ndi kunyumba kwa ochepa Britain (2% ya anthu), kuchuluka yosala imagwera pa Spanish, French, Italy, Aluya ndi anthu ochokera ku mayiko ena.

Today mu Malta amakopa anthu ambirimbiri amene anasamukira ku Africa, kuti mwa dziko laling'ono kulota kuti akufika ku Europe Central. Makamaka chiwerengero cha anthu a Egypt, Libya ndi Morocco kuchuluka mwa alendo.

Anthu zakwawoko wa Malta mosavuta kusiyana kwa alendo ndi alendo: iwo swarthy, lalifupi, ndi zinthu zapadera. Izi ndi anthu akumwetulira kwambiri ndipo sociable. Awo wosanganiza Chimatisi ndi English ovuta kuwamvetsa alendo lachilendo, koma pakati pa iwoeni pomvetsetsana bwino, ngakhale kulankhula mu chisakanizo cha m'zinenero zosiyanasiyana. Osamukawo amene akonza kuti azikhala nthawi yaitali pa zilumba, izo mwamsanga atengere mawu a anthu zakwawoko.

anthu

ziwerengero lero akusonyeza kuti Malta - Dziko ndi chiwerengero kunsi kwa anthu kuphatikizapo Union lonse European. Inde, aliyense unadikhira imwe kuutambira kuna zilumba zitatu za dziko laling'ono monga Malta? Pa anthu a 2015 anali pafupifupi 419 000 okhala. Izi zikugwirizana ndi anthu a Orenburg anthu, pamene m'dera la mzinda Russian wa makilomita 50 okha ² zosakwana Malta.

Malinga ndi Dipatimenti ya Economic ndi Social Affairs, anthu Malta mu 2016 chinali 420 792 anthu. Awa, amuna 208.794 ndi akazi 211.998, amene ali pafupifupi wofanana ndi 1: 1. Kuwonjezeka zachilengedwe zinali pafupifupi 100 zikwi anthu mu zaka makumi anai. Ngakhale kuti pafupifupi anthu pachaka kumawonjezera ndi% 0.5 okha. Anthu ambiri amakhala m'mizinda yaikulu ya dziko:

• Birkirkara (pafupifupi 21 chikwi okhala);
• Valetta (pafupifupi 19 zikwi nzika);
• Kvormi (pafupifupi 19,000 anthu).

pa chiyambi cha 2016 anthu a yogawa zaka anthu chikondwerero cha 15,7% pansi zaka 15, chochuluka 68,5% - ichi anthu ntchito kwa zaka 15 ndi 65, ndipo 15,8% ya anthu achikulire kuposa zaka 65.

Ngakhale anthu ake ang'ono, dziko ali osalimba mkulu.

kachulukidwe wa anthu

Malinga ndi 2015 anthu kachulukidwe Malta - 1 432 anthu pa kilometre lalikulu. boma ali ndi malo ochepa, motero mmodzi wa asanu m'mayiko ambiri anthu ambiri m'dzikoli. Kutsogolera udindo mu mndandanda uli wotanganidwa Monaco (pafupifupi 18,7 zikwi okhala pa lalikulu kilometre), Singapore (pa 7000 anthu), ndi Vatican (1.9 zikwi) ndi Bahrain (1.7 zikwi).

Mbali yaikulu ya anthu ndi anaikira mu kum'mawa kwa chisumbu chachikulu - Malta. Comino ali pafupifupi okhazikika yololedwa mwalamulo okhala pachilumbachi si anthu oposa 15. Kwenikweni izo ili minda. Gozo ndi kunyumba oposa 31 000 Anthu ambiri amene m'tawuni anthu amakhala ku Victoria.

The vuto zaziwerengero

ziwerengero lero kusonyeza ukalamba mofulumira anthu, amapanga anthu Malta. Pa 2016 mulungu penshioni katundu chinthu Malta anali 23%. Ndi muyeso wa zaka zopuma pantchito chiwerengero cha nzika za msinkhu wogwira ntchito. Ndi wamphamvu anthu kutali katundu pa chuma anthu, ndi kukalamba anthu si choncho loonetsa. Ntchito zaka chiwerengero cha Malta kwa 2016 ndi wofanana ndi wa magawo fifite-foro.

General zaziwerengero zikuchitika ku Malta zikusonyezedwa Zithunzi m'munsimu. Choncho, zikuonekeratu kuti anthu onse anayamba kukula mwachangu pambuyo 1975, pa nthawi kuti tikhale azimuth positive. Koma tsopano chiwerengero cha anthu mu zaka pakati ndi zaka chawonjezeka kwambiri. Zilinso lililonse m'mayiko ambiri anayamba: United States, mayiko European Union, Australia, Japan.

Moyo amayembekezeka Chimatisi - zaka pafupifupi 80., amene ali wamkulu kuposa wonse ziwerengero padziko lonse kwa zaka 9. Pankhaniyi, akazi tikukhala kochepa, moyo wawo amayembekezeka zaka 82, ndipo amuna kuzilingalira nthandala pa zaka 77,5.

kulemba

Anthu a dziko kulemba ndi kuwerenga, 94 peresenti ya anthu ntchito amatha kulemba ndi kuwerenga. Izi limafanana ndi mlingo ambiri kophunzira ya anthu m'mayiko otukuka, amene ndi Malta. Amuna ophunzira pa zilumba za 92%, ndi akazi - 95%. Kulankhula kokha chi anthu Chimatisi wamng'ono - kulemba awo anali pa 99% ndi chimakwirira nzika zaka 15 ndi 24. Komabe, anapatsidwa kukalamba mtundu, anthu achinyamata makamaka analemba ochezera ophunzira zina maiko EU.

Monga alendo zimakhudza anthu

zokopa alendo oposa 70% ya chuma Malta a. chiwerengero cha anthu amene afuna kukaona dziko lapansi likunena kuwonjezeka chaka ndi chaka. Islands makamaka wotchuka ndi British ndi European anapuma apaulendo. Komanso, apa panabwera ophunzira, monga dziko akhala kum'patsa ufulu kuvala udindo wa mmodzi wa malo yaikulu ya kuphunzira English mu dziko.

Malta amakopeka ntchito, chifukwa dziko ndi mabizinezi zofunika kwambiri ndi dera luso (pa chitukuko cha microchips kwa kapangidwe ndege). Wokongola zokongola chidwi ndi dziko la ojambula, ojambula ndi ndikungofuna kusangalala ndi chikhalidwe cha dziko.

Dziko amakopa alendo ambiri, ndi m'chilimwe chiwerengero cha anthu mu dera la Malta chinawonjezeka ndi avareji miliyoni.

Mfundo zosangalatsa za Zambadwe Chimatisi

Malta si osangalatsa zokonda zake ndi magombe. Choyamba, ndithudi, dziko ndi chidwi kwa anthu ake ndi chikhalidwe wapadera ndi chikhalidwe wokongola. Anthu a Republic ali oyenera kulandira maphunziro aulere apamwamba khalidwe ndi chisamaliro kwambiri dokotala. Corruption sunayambe mu dziko. Zonsezi amakopeka nambala ena osamukawo amene akufuna kukhala Malta kwa nthawi yaitali.

Posachedwapa, zilumba mwayi kuti tikhale ndi dziko. The mtengo msonkhano 650 zikwi mayuro. Pankhaniyi, ndi ufulu wonse wa nzika EU kukhalabe chomwecho, ngakhale dziko anagula.

Komanso mlendo mukhoza kupeza nzika ya Malta ndi wotetezeka ndi mkulu mlingo wa maphunziro (mogwirizana ndi dongosolo English) ndi zaumoyo pansi pa pulogalamu ya chitukuko ndalama: zopereka kwa Fund za chitukuko cha dziko la dziko.

pomaliza

Malta - yaing'ono, koma dziko labwino, ndi mbiri olemera ndi zokopa ambiri mbiri. Chiwerengero cha Republic ndi laling'ono, chiwerengero cha anthu Malta cha 2016 ndi anthu 420.792 yekha. The kachulukidwe ya anthu okhala m'zilumba pa nthawi yomweyo - 1225 anthu pa mita lalikulu. Mu chaka chatha mu 2015, chizindikiro anakwana okhala 1432.

The Republic sangabereke mchere, komanso ndalama zofunika dziko amalandira alendo. alendo amene anabwera ku Malta kwa nthawi yoyamba, zidzakhala zosangalatsa kukaona ngati zinthu zochititsa chidwi masewera aang'ono a Valletta ndi Blue Grotto, minda yokongola ndi malo a mabwalo wodzilamulira.