Kukwera mu nthawi kuchira zachuma. Lingaliro la kayendedwe ka chuma ndi magawo ake

Tiyeni tione mkombero chuma, magawo zosiyana, amachititsa ndi mitundu ya akutulukira embedding mu moyo zachuma. Izi adzalola chiweruzo chonse Mkhalidwe za dziko, dziko, kapena makamaka njira mafakitale.

zambiri

Mu sayansi chakale, vuto la zachuma lagawidwa magawo anayi:

1. Chitsitsimutso ndi kukula.
2. Boom.
3. Mavuto.
4. Depression.

Iwo inakula ndi chimodzi chifukwa cha ena. Choncho, mu nthawi kuchira zachuma maziko a mowa kwambiri, amene kenako akutitsogolera kuti kuchuluka kumsika ndi kuchepetsa voliyumu ya ntchito amakampani ndi kuchotsedwa kwa antchito. Choncho, zabwino ndi mfundo kayendedwe ka chuma ndi magawo ake, magawo onse tidzakambirana payokha ndi umboni wa ubale wawo.

Chitsitsimutso ndi kuwuka

Anasonkhanitsa likulu ndi kuwonjezera kupanga mpaka ntchito pa mphamvu zake zonse. Choncho mlingo ntchito kukacha kwa pazipita zotheka. Izi limodzi ndi kuwonjezeka mu malipiro ndi mitengo. Choyamba, monga ulamuliro, patsogolo wachiwiri. Pa nthawi kuchira ikuchitika mawu a mlingo wa nthawi chisanadze mavuto. Aliyense ankaona kuti chitsitsimutso cha gawo kukula si achilendo kwa cent oposa atatu pa mankhwala aakulu m'banja kwa chaka.

Chifukwa gulu monga m'mwamba ndi utipatse mphamvu atha kutumikira ngati ya mfundo:

1. Growth mankhwala aakulu zoweta maperesenti oposa atatu pachaka.
2. Mwakhama analenga ndi kuika mu ntchito ya kampani latsopano.
3. Kukula malipiro.
4. Yafupika ulova.
5. Pali mlingo kukula kunyakhe.

Ndiye pali zotsatira za chigumukire ndi. Wonga kupanga zomwe kumatanthauza kuwonjezeka kufunika kwa ngongole. Kutuluka chiwongola dzanja kukula kwa pafupifupi mlingo wa phindu. Mu nthawi ya chitsitsimutso zachuma n'zotheka kusunga mlingo wokweretsa wa ntchito chuma dziko. Inali pa nthawi imeneyi anapanga kudzikundikira chachikulu cha anthu. Pa nthawi kuchira buku la wotuluka ndi kuchuluka kufunika kwake kwenikweni ndi yayikulu.

Boom

Akafika nthawi pazipita, makampani akugwira ntchito pa mphamvu pazipita izo zimaleka kukula kwa bizinesi nthawi kuchira zachuma. Izi ndi lotsatira Boom gawo, yomwe pali magawo apamwamba a anthu. The peculiarity wa gawo lino ndi pochinayut anapanga imbalances kuti komabe amalowerera kuzimitsa masuku nkhokwe kale anasonkhanitsa. The zikamera wa vuto la chitukuko cyclical wa chuma kumagwirizana ndi limagwirira kudziletsa lamulo. mavutowo - yekha structural chinthu zosintha chuma. Ngati anthu Earth yakhala khola, ndi zofuna zofanana, ndiye nthawi talowa gawo la anthu, limene recessions amenewa ndi kukula sakanati kulembedwa.

zolakwikazo komanso kumawonjezera ndi gawo zachuma, amene sanabadwe asanaganize zimene zinthu apa. Poyamba, nkhani entrepreneurial akuyesera kuthetsa vutoli chifukwa cha kusintha kwa mitengo, kuchititsa pamapeto pake, monga ulamuliro, kokha kufufuma.

sichikuyenda

M'nthawi ya anthu zachuma kuchira akhoza kumva kuti miyoyo yawo kupeza bwino. Koma ntchito mwayi onse nthawi yomweyo ali osavomerezeka chifukwa cha mavuto wotsatira. Choncho, ndondomeko ya pa-kudzikundikira likulu, pali mphamvu owonjezera, kukwera inventories, liwiro la zolowa likulu. Kuyambira ichi chimabwera chifukwa zachilengedwe - kugwa ndalama malonda ndi moyenera, antchito awo ndi eni. Izi, mu zingathandize chakuti amachepetsa kufunika akaphatikiza kwa ndalama ndi onse a iwo chifukwa katundu ndi ntchito. Potsilizira pake, pali kuchepa kukula mfundo za aakulu mankhwala dziko.

Chifukwa ndi ambiri zolakwikazo: kugwa mitengo katundu, kukwera ulova ndi zonse izi limodzi ndi kuchepa mu muyezo wonse wa moyo. Komanso, nthawi zambiri akufotokozera kuti mitundu ina osati yafupika kukula GDP, komanso chizindikiro amakhala ang'onoang'ono. Pa kupanga mavuto kosalekeza m'mbuyo ndi kukula ulova. Pa ndalama nthawi yomweyo yafupika. Kudzera zochita za mmene ratchet, mitengo sali phunziro kwa azimuth. kuchepetsa awo amapezeka kokha ngati aggravation za moyo ndi nthawi, kumene kungakhale gawo la maganizo. Koma mu palinso ubwino wachibale. Kotero, izo zimakhala mtengo njira yopanga ndi chilemetso, amene amalenga prerequisites kwa ndalama latsopano chuma (makampani, luso, zipangizo ndiponso anthu).

maganizo

Izi ndi mfundo wotsikitsitsa mkombero ndalama. Khalidwe la maganizo ndi kulepheretsanso pansi. Koma inu mukhoza kuona mlingo adakali mkulu wa ulova. Komabe, ngati palibe kufufuma kwambiri, yafupika mlingo chiwongoladzanja pa ngongole. Zimenezi, kumapangitsa kufunika kwa ndalama likulu, polenga zinthu kudzikundikira zake.

Pomaliza

Pambuyo vuto mukubwera latsopano gawo - kuwuka. Yambani Kowonjezereka ndalama, m'mbuyo ulova, zinathandiza gawo la kubanki. The kwanzeru za ndondomekoyi ndi Boom, imene kupanga kuposa mlingo limene linali pamaso pa mavutowo. Izi zidalira pa wotani munthawi atengedwa. Choncho, ngati Tikayerekeza vuto la 2008 ndi 2014, ndiye ndithudi, chuma sanathe kuchira kwathunthu chotero nthawi yochepa. Koma ngati ife tikufanizira zinthu masiku ano ndi zimene zinali mu 1800, ndipo zotsatira zake zidzakhala zowoneka kumeneko.