Martin Gardner: yonena ndi chithunzi. Masamu masamu Martina Gardnera

Martin Gardner - amadziwika masamu, anabadwa mu America. Kuwonjezera chilakolako chake kwa sayansi, iyenso ndiye wolemba amene mabuku ambiri. Gardner wasonyeza kuti ngati chapadera ndi munthu mosalekeza, ntchito ya moyo osokoneza zosiyanasiyana za sayansi.

yonena

Martin Gardner anabadwa pa October 21, 1914 mu United States, mu boma la Oklahoma. Nditamaliza sukulu ya sekondale, Martin anali ku koleji, limene linakhazikitsidwa ndi University of Chicago. Kumeneko Martin Gardner anaphunzitsidwa. Pambuyo koleji, anali kale ndi digiri yoyamba mu sayansi, ndi nzeru.

zaka nkhondo

Pamene Wachiwiri World nkhondo, Martin anaitana kutsogolo. Ine ndiri ndi masamu mu Navy US, kumene anakhala zaka zambiri ku malo a Mlembi wa chombo - Yeoman. Ngalawa imene anatumikira Martin Gardner ankaona wowonongayo kuperekezedwa. Atalengeza mapeto a nkhondo ndi kugonjera kwa Japan, chombo chidali madzi a Atlantic Ocean.

Pamene uthenga woti nkhondo yatha, mlembi anali amazipanga wodala, chifukwa tsopano iye akanakhoza kuchita zinthu zimene chidwi Kuyambira ndili mwana, ngakhale kuti utumiki unachitikira si molimba monga ine ndikanakhozera.

The mapeto a nkhondo

Pambuyo nkhondoyo inali itatha, Martin anabwerera kudziko lakwawo. Kweneko iye anayambiranso maphunziro ake ndipo anapitiriza kuphunzira pa yunivesite. Chaka chonse kuphunzira Martin Gardner kuti digiri mbuye, koma kuteteza ntchito yanga, kutenga madigirii apamwamba, iye analephera.

ntchito zolembalemba

Malinga ndi zimene mabuku ena amanena amadziwika kuti kwa zaka zambiri, Martin Gardner ankakhala ndi banja lake, imene inali mkazi wake wokondedwa ndi ana awiri Hastings pa-Hudson. Kumeneko masamu wokonda chinayamba m'munda zolembalemba.

Kuti banja anali ngakhale ndalama waung'ono koma khola, Martin anali nthawi yaitali ntchito pa matepi, chimene ndiye lofalitsidwa. Komanso, Gardner analembanso chiwerengero chachikulu cha nkhani yaing'ono magazini ndi ofalitsa nyuzipepala.

Magazini imodzi yotero anali kusindikizidwa Humpty Dumpty, amene mChipangano America "Murzilka". Kuti lofalitsidwa essays Gardner. Komanso, wolemba analinso wolemba nkhani zambiri sakhalitsa nkhani ankafuna kuti pa gulu la ana. Martin Gardner chithunzi anam'bweretsera kutchuka pakati maganizo a achinyamata a America.

Pachimake pa kutchuka

Nsonga ya kutchuka wolemba anakhala chidwi ndi chilengedwe cha ntchito zosiyanasiyana ndi masamu, amene sanali masamu kokha, komanso lomveka. Wina zosonkhanitsira ngati a masamu Martina Gardnera anakhala ntchito ya masinfikisi. Chifukwa cha chinsinsi cha masinfikisi anali wamng'ono kudziwika, panali mafunso, mayankho amene akhoza kubwera kokha mwa zomveka molumikizana apeza mu njira yothetsera mbali enieni zinsinsi.

Izi zinkathandiza ana, chifukwa, kuyankha mafunso ndi kuwonjezera mayankho, anaphunzira osati mfundo zomveka, komanso kuti mfundo za zotsatira. pa nkhani yeniyeni popanga dongosolo wamba linanena bungwe amayang'ana chinachake monga chonchi: "Ngati izo ziri, ndipo ichi, likukhalira kuti chinali chotero." Ndi mavuto amenewa anabweretsa kutchuka kwambiri wolemba.

Masamu masamu & Entertainment Martin Gardner

Kuwonjezera ntchito yake, Martin komanso mlengi ndipo ambiri masewera ena chithunzi. Masamu masamu Martina Gardnera Zinali zosangalatsa kwambiri, ndipo izi anapambana kutchuka pa anthu. ntchito yake pa masewera ndi masamu ndimasewera anadziwika kuti dziko lonse. Pakuti wolemba mau "ndimasewera" amatanthauza chinthu chomwecho monga "yosangalatsa," "zosangalatsa kudziwa." Komabe, Martin yekha anakana ubale ndi kuphunzira mwawo kanthu ndimasewera, kuti kufufuza zinthu kwambiri, mfundo ziwirizi zili njira zofanana ndi mzake ndi ambiri otsutsana nawo mtheradi, ofanana matanthauzo kuposa lakutali.

Komanso, kuphunzitsa ana kufunafuna njira zothetsera mavuto zovuta, wolemba analemba bukhu lapadera amene analankhulapo za momwe angakhazikitsire bwino yekha vuto ndi kuyang'ana njira kuthetsa vuto limeneli. Buku Martina Gardnera "Pali lingaliro" anayamba kusangalala kupambana lonse, monga kunapezeka, osati mwa ana komanso pakati pa magulu akuluakulu. Masamu chithunzi zina sakudziwabe akulu ngakhale, koma anthu ouma khosi akhoza Musatuluke popanda kupeza yankho.

Zomwe analemba

Kudziwika anabwera osati kokha chifukwa cha masamu masamu Martina Gardnera, koma chifukwa cha luntha lake mu mabuku. Wolemba komanso amakonda zochitika paranormal zimene zimachitika mu dziko. mabuku angapo masamu anathera nkhaniyi. Sitingathe kunena kuti paranormal akhala Nkhani yaikulu mu ntchito ya wolemba, ngakhale ntchito zambiri olembedwa kwenikweni za mawonetseredwe lachilendo la mtundu wina tsiku ndi tsiku. Mu ntchito iyi akutiuza za kuzipenya wake ndi kafukufuku, mfundo zimene Martin anabwera. m'buku lake za kukhalako kwa mtundu wina, ndi zinthu zinayamba zotchuka mofanana pakati owerenga.

zopeka

Komanso, Martin walembera kalata ndi ntchito luso. Mwachitsanzo, "Island wa mitundu isanu" mungazipeze pa maalumali wa Mabukunso lero. Kukhala alemba mabuku angapo luso, Martin anapanga kalembedwe osiyana kulemba. Ndipo kwenikweni, kuwerenga ntchito osachepera limodzi ndi wolemba, mukhoza kuona kuti chinenero, akufotokoza wolemba, yosabala kufanana kwa chilankhulo cha American tingachipeze powerenga umodzi. Lero, kalembedwe uyu ali ngakhale dzina wapadera - "Gardner", izo amakhala ndi champhamvu ndiponso yomveka bwino chifukwa cha zambiri, yolondola mfundo, yomveka bwino ndiponso yosavuta syllable. Nthawi zambiri Martin ntchito mungaone ena paradoxes, latsopano kwambiri ndi zamakono chiweruzo imeneyi, yomwe wolemba lopezeka mu mapepala zosiyanasiyana za sayansi ndi magazini.

Mbali luso Martina Gardnera ndi wolemba sanaulule chilichonse chatsopano kwa wowerenga, iye ankangomukankhira iye kufufuza zinthu zatsopano ndi kutali osadziwika. Ndi ntchito yake, wolemba amakakamizidwa kuwerenga munthu paokha kuchita kafukufuku, kupenda mudziwe, kuti awo nokha yankho. ntchito zimenezi zathandiza anthu kumvetsa bwino nkhani zimene anaphunzira. Zonse kafukufuku palokha mapeto - anali mtundu kudzimvera kuphunzira ndi kudzikonda maphunziro.

wolemba buku

• "Ufulu umenewu, dziko" (1967).
• "Masamu masamu ndi Entertainment" (1971).
• "Masamu yopuma» (1972).
• "Masamu buku" (1974).
• "Masamu zozizwitsa ndi zinsinsi" (1977).
• "Chiphunzitsochi wa Relativity mamiliyoni" (1979).
• "Ine ndiri nalo lingaliro!" (1982).
• "Bwerani, ndikuganiza!" (1984).
• 'Wokonda-Tac-chala' (1988).
• "Nthawi Travel" (1990), ndi zambiri.

moyo

Anakumana mkazi wake, Martin eziŵa kuti ndi - ndi mkazi amene adzatha kusunga moyo wake wonse. maganizo nonse amene atasemphana, chingayambitse mgwirizano wamphamvu kwa zaka zambiri. Kumvetsa, kuthandizana - ndi chinthu popanda chimene sikutheka ukwati. Pakati Martin ndi Charlotte panali mgwirizano wamphamvu.

Atakwatirana, banja anaonekera ana awiri okongola - anyamata amene akukula, anasonyeza kuti anzeru ndi aluntha anyamata. Mwana wamkulu ngakhale analandira maphunziro apamwamba ndipo anasankhidwa pulofesa wa pedagogy pa University of Oklahoma. mkazi Martin, Charlotte, anamwalira mu 2000. Iyo inali imfa chachikulu Gardner, yemwe anali wachikulire ndithu, anakhala zaka wake kwambiri akale yekha.

Sunset njira ya moyo

Mu 2002, wolemba anaganiza zobwerera kwawo - mu Oklahoma. Chifukwa iyi inali ntchito ya mwana wake, yemwe anali pulofesa pa yunivesite ya Oklahoma. mwanayo akuvutitsa pa kubwera kwa bambo ake, omwe anali onse mu North Carolina, pamene mkazi wake anamwalira. Kupitiriza ntchito yake zolembalemba, Martin Gardner ankakhala Oklahoma mpaka otsiriza masiku ake. Koma ngakhale pa mapeto a moyo wake wolemba anapitiriza kulenga. Masamu masamu Martina Gardnera, amene anamubweretsa iye kuzindikira ndi chikondi pakati pa ana, anapitiriza lofalitsidwa, koma chifukwa masamu anapitiriza kuyambitsa zinthu zatsopano.

Wolemba anafa May 22, 2010 mu boma lake kunyumba zaka 95. Mu maola angapo apitawa kuti atsala ndi Martin, mwana wa Yakobo nthawi zonse anali pafupi bambo ake. Ngakhale kuti wolemba moyo yowala ndi chidwi, imfa yake inali imfa kwambiri osati kwa America koma kuti dziko lapansi, chifukwa cha ntchito ndi buku Martina Gardnera anali wotchuka lonse.

A mawu ochepa pomaliza

Martin Gardner moyo wake anayamba. Iye anayesera dzanja lake pa njira zosiyanasiyana za sayansi, analemba mabuku ambiri (kuposa 70) kuti anazindikira, zinadziwika monga woyambitsa masewera ophunzitsa ana. Zokwaniritsa zake, ngakhale malo otsika, sitinganene kuti kwambiri. anasonyeza khama, maluso awo ndi kufuna pakati chatsopano lonse. Iye anasonyeza chidziwitso zosiyanasiyana sayansi Ndizachidziwikire kuti, monga momwe wolemba ndi masamu, anali m'zigawozigawo mu zofuna zawo. Khama ndi kufuna kukwaniritsa mlingo watsopano wodzilamulira chitukuko - ndicho chimene Martin Gardner limafotokoza munthu. Zinali uyamiko kwa Iye anthu ambiri azindikira sayansi, kupeza mmenemo nambala wopandamalire a madera atsopano amene ali osaya kuphunzira. Ndi ntchito yofunika kwambiri ya Martin zitsulo anthu ambiri zokoma kudzimvera kusintha.