Pulezidenti wa Austria adasankhidwa, ngakhale adasankhidwa ndi kusankhidwa

Mu 2016 chidwi cha atolankhani chinakopeka ndi Austria. Chisankho cha pulezidenti m'dzikoli sichinali chopanda chisankho komanso chisankho. Chilichonse chinatha mwamtendere komanso mwalamulo. Wolemba ndale yemwe adatayika paulendo wachiŵiri adavomereza kugonjetsedwa kwake, adalimbikitsa nzika za dzikoli kugwirizanitsa ndikugwira ntchito pamodzi.

Mtsogoleri wa boma mu dongosolo la ndale

Boma ndi Republican Parliament, limene lamulo la chaka cha 1920 likugwira ntchito. Mutu ndiye Purezidenti waku Austria. Mphamvu zake ndizoimira boma pa mayiko onse, kusindikiza mgwirizano, kusankha ndi kuchotsa Chancellor, kuthetsa National Council ndi Landtag. Amauzanso asilikali a dzikoli.

Mtsogoleri wa dziko amasankhidwa kwa zaka zisanu ndi chimodzi. Komabe, munthu mmodzi yemweyo sangathe kukhala pulezidenti kwa zaka zoposa khumi ndi ziwiri.

Purezidenti wa chaka cha 2004-2016

Zisanayambe chisankho cha 2016, Heinz Fischer anakhala zaka khumi ndi ziwiri akulamulira. Iye anabadwa pa 09/10/1938. Analandira digiri yalamulo ku yunivesite ya Vienna. Pulezidenti wotsatira anabwera ku Parliament mu 1971. Mu zaka makumi asanu ndi zitatu za makumi asanu ndi awiri, iye anali Utumiki wa Sayansi, ndipo kuyambira pulofesa wa sayansi ya 1993.

Mu 2004, Fischer adalimbikitsidwa kukhala mtsogoleri wa boma. Atapambana chisankho, adayimitsa umembala wake ku PSD. M'dzikoli amavomerezedwa kuti Pulezidenti wa Austria achite ntchito zake moyenera. Choncho, Fischer adasankha kukhala "purezidenti wamkulu".

Mu 2009, wandale akuperekanso patsogolo pempho lake. Chisankhocho chinachitika mu 2010, kumene Fischer adapambana, atalandira mavoti ochuluka. Pafupifupi makumi asanu ndi awiri mphambu asanu ndi anayi pa zana la voti anamvotera. Panthaŵi imodzimodziyo, kutsegulidwa kwavotere kwambiri kunalembedwa, zomwe zinali pafupi makumi asanu ndi atatu ndi atatu peresenti.

Kusankhidwa ndi zisankho zatsopano za 2016

Purezidenti waku Austria adasankhidwa pamaziko a malamulo, lamulo la 1971, monga asinthidwa. Boma limapanga tsiku lovota. Nzika za m'dzikoli zomwe ziri ndi zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi chimodzi zimatenga chisankho.

Wosankhidwa amene wasonkhanitsa mavoti oposa theka amakhala woyenera. Pomwe kulibe ambiri, masabata anayi pambuyo pake, ulendo wina umakhalapo. Otsatira awiri omwe ali ndi mavoti ochulukirapo pa zotsatira za ulendo woyamba adalowamo.

Kuyambira mu 1982, pali lamulo limene munthu mmodzi yekha angapange nawo chisankho. Pankhaniyi, iwo amachitika monga referendum. Lamulo linalamulidwa ngati pulezident yekhayo atakhala wokhayokha. Zitsanzo zomwezo sizinayambepo. Mu 2007, njira yoyankhulira ndi makalata inalembedwa mwalamulo.

Mu 2011, lamulo la 1919 lidaphwanyidwa, molingana ndi omwe akuyimira mafumu a Habsburg sangathe kulengeza udindo wa purezidenti .

Otsatira pa udindo wa mkulu wa boma mu 2016:

• Alexander van der Bellen;
• Irmgard Griss;
• Norbert Hofer;
• Rudolf Hundstorfer;
• Andreas Kohl;
• Richard Lugner.

Zotsatira za kuvota

Malingana ndi zotsatira za ulendo woyamba, Hofer ndi Van der Bellen analandira mavoti ambiri. Iwo adagwira nawo mbali yachiwiri, yomwe idatha pamapeto pake. Kuchokera pa 08.07.2016, mawu a utsogoleri wa Fisher atha, choncho wokamba nkhani ya pulezidenti ndi akuluakulu ake awiri anakhala mtsogoleri wa dzikoli.

Chisankho chinasinthidwa mu December 2016. Chifukwa cha kuzungulira kwachiwiri, komanso Van der Bellen anapambana chisankho.

Mwalamulo, Purezidenti waku Austria adagwira ntchito pa January 26, 2017. Pazaka zandale zazaka 72 zimadziwika kuti iye anali mtsogoleri wa Green Party, koma adagwira nawo chisankho monga wovomerezeka payekha. Makolo ake pamodzi ndi mzere wa bambo ake kuyambira kumapeto kwa zaka zana ndi zisanu ndi ziwiri kudza 1919 anakhala ku Russia. Makolo ankakhala ku Austria kwa nthawi yaitali ngati othawa kwawo ndipo amalankhula Chirasha, ngakhale kuti sandale salankhula Chirasha.