Kapangidwe ka sphagnum. Sphagnum Moss (chithunzi)

Bryophytes - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa mabungwe a zomera spore, amene ali ndi udindo wapadera mu dongosolo la ufumu. Oimira ndi zofunikira, mtengo mankhwala, ankagwiritsa ntchito ndipo osewera zofunika m'madera mphamvu. Komanso, kutenga mbali mu mapangidwe zinthu zachilengedwe madambo aakulu.

Sphagnum: udindo mwadongosolo

Mu malo ake mu dongosolo la dziko organic sphagnum kutenga zotsatirazi taxonomic malo:

• Ufumu: Chipinda.
• Dipatimenti: Bryophytes ;
• Maphunziro, kuti ndi banja - Sphagnum.
• Mtundu: Sphagnum.

Chiwerengero cha mitundu ukufika 120, limene ambiri chimagwiritsidwa ntchito monga:

• sphagnum bog;
• lofufuma kwambiri mbali imodzi;
• zofiirira;
• magellansky;
• papillozny;
• Girgenzona.

Kapangidwe ka Sphagnum ali zina kuti wasiya chizindikiro pa ntchito munthu. Taganizirani funso ili mwatsatanetsatane.

Kapangidwe kunja zomera

Green lotayirira mphasa tikulephera pamwamba pa mapesi, amene ndipamene tokhala zithaphwi ndi m'madambo, ndipo amayandama pamwamba pa nyanja zakutchire taonera, mwina aliyense. kotero pano izo ziri sphagnum. Photos of zomera angaonedwe pansipa.

zabwino kwambiri mapesi yowutsa mudyo mobwerezabwereza kuligaŵa ndipo tikulephera mmwamba. Kunja crusted akuimira zigawo zingapo maselo. Sphagnum masamba sessile, bango mtundu. Anthu ili pa tsinde la, oblong zooneka ndi zambiri yayekha. A tsamba timphukira M'malo mwake, ambiri tikulephera pamwamba pa apangidwe. Ndipotu, pafupifupi wazikang'a ndi bwino looneka popanda zipangizo zina zapadera. Kodi kaŵirikaŵiri unatenga masamba, nthambi zambiri pa tsinde chachikulu.

Monga ndi Moss zina, sphagnum alibe mizu. Komabe, mosiyana ndi achibale, rhizoids angagwirizanitse, si kwa gawo lapansi ndi. N'zochititsa chidwi kuona m'munsi phesi, m'pamenenso kuunika amaona. Kenako pansi kwathunthu wotaya mtundu wobiriwira. Ichi ndi chifukwa cha kusowa wotchedwa chlorophyll pigment maselo, monga nyumba izi salinso moyo koma wafa.

Mbali awa, anakaika pansi pa bog, ndi peat aumbike m'tsogolo. Choncho nthawi zambiri amatchedwa sphagnum peat Moss. Ambiri, ambabzala maluwa wotumbululuka wobiriwira, osati yowala. Ichi ndi chifukwa chakuti nthawi zonse kudyetsedwa ndi madzi ambiri. funso lakuti: "Kodi kwambiri madzi Moss amalowerera sitolo?" Zimenezi zalongosoledwa ndi peculiarities wa kapangidwe mkati. Tiyeni tione iwo.

Kapangidwe mkati mwa sphagnum

Mkati Moss aumbike mwa ochiritsira chomera minofu, wopangidwa mwa maselo. sphagnum masamba ali wotchedwa chlorophyll, monga, ndithudi, ndi mapulaniwo dongosolo. Choncho, dzuwa ikuchitika zayamba onse a padziko thupi. Choncho ndi mphamvu, ndi, mayamwidwe madzi.

Green Moss maselo ogwirizana ndi malekezero mzake ndi kupanga dongosolo chokhala Intaneti - ichi ndi dongosolo mtima wa mbewu. Ziwalo zoberekera ndi sporangia, amene okhwima spores.

dongosolo conductive ofanana ndi zomera apamwamba, palibe. M'malo mwake, pali maselo wapadera. Kusunga ntchito ndi mayamwidwe madzi atenga.

maselo Special mu dongosolo la

maselo Sphagnum si onse chimodzimodzi. kuti ena a iwo ali ndi chipolopolo ndi dzenje ndi protoplast akufa, ndiye kuti, ndi M'mimbamo kanthu. M'pofunika chomera kuyamwa lalikulu zedi chinyezi ndipo amawasunga mwa wokha nyumba izi dzenje.

Kapangidwe ka sphagnum chololera kudzazidwa ndi madzi mu kuchuluka kwa 20-30 nthawi kulemera yake. N'chifukwa chake mu malo deta Moss ndi nthawi yonyowa kwambiri, iwo kwenikweni tiwolokere pamwamba madzi.

Pamene mmera wodzazidwa ndi chinyezi, mtundu wake ndi wotumbululuka wobiriwira. Pa chilala, pang'onopang'ono akutembenukira woyera, kenako pokhala oyera kwathunthu woyera.

kubalana Moss

Kapangidwe sphagnum kumaphatikizapo apadera zofunika dongosolo kubalana - sporangia. Iwo ali ngati ndere ena onse pa zimayambira wapadera mu gawo apical wa mbewu. Kuimira bokosi ndi chivindikiro, imene mapangidwe ndi kusasitsa wa spores lapansi.

Pamene kuswana nthawi, maselo ang'onoang'ono mokwanira ndipo anabalalitsidwa ndi mphepo. Kulowa dontho la madzi, kuyamba kumera mu mtengo watsopano. Kapu sporangium akutsegula zokha.

Pali njira ina kubereka, amene akuchita mbewu. Sphagnum angathe kupatsa mbali vegetative kwa zina palokha kukhalapo. Izi zimachitika nthawi zambiri pambuyo phesi waukulu limakula mwamphamvu m'litali, ataliatali pa magawo ena. Pa nthawi imeneyi, pali kulekana kwa zomera wocheperapo lapansi.

The wapadera katundu wa sphagnum Moss

Sphagnum Moss, ndi chithunzi chimene inu mukhoza kuwona m'nkhani ino, angapo katundu wapadera chifukwa kukhalapo kwa maselo wapadera. Ali:

1. Hygroscopicity, yopambana malire amadziwika zomera. Ngati mukuziyenereza luso kuyamwa chinyontho ubweya ndi sphagnum Moss, ndiye izo zidzakhala maulendo 6! Komanso ndi chidwi kuti kufalitsa madzi mu thupi zomera amapezeka mwamtheradi wogawana. Kotero musati lembani maselo onse amene alipo, Moss owonjezera chinyezi sudzapereka mmwamba. Zimenezi zimathandiza kuti ntchito kuti athandize pansi.
2. Air permeability, amene amalola nthaka ndi Moss kuwala kwambiri, lotayirira ndi airy. Izi kuchuluka aeration ubwino kukula ndi chitukuko cha zomera zinthu zachilengedwe zina.
3. Sphagnum zidulo amene amapanga mbewu, kuwalola amtengo acidify cations nthaka wa hydrogen.
4. Olemera organic zakuthupi zikuchokera chimachititsa zomera wapadera. Sphagnum ali antibacterial ndi odana ndi yotupa katundu, komanso disinfectants.

ndi zikuchokera ndere izi chodabwitsa chotani? Iwo angatchedwe kugwirizana zofunika:

• Sphagnum asidi;
• coumarins;
• sfagnol;
• terpenes;
• karboliki asidi.

Ndiyamika zikuchokera izi zikuluzikulu za mbewu yokha ndi pafupifupi si poyera kuti matenda kapena kuukira makoswewo.

malo kukula

The chikhalidwe chachikulu kukula kwa mbewu - pamaso chinyezi chokwanira. Ndipotu, sphagnum Moss, amene ali chithunzi mu review, iwo amadalira kwambiri pa madzi kukula, komanso onse spore. N'chifukwa chake madera akuluakulu kukula kwake ndi:

• kotentha zone ya kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi;
• gawo European la Russia ;
• Siberia;
• America South.

topezeka Home kuti imagwiritsidwa Moss, izo bogs. Kulikonse kumene anakakhala mbewu, pali pang'onopang'ono ndipo mosalephera waterlogging malo.

Udindo mu chikhalidwe

Moyo wonse wa sphagnum wamangidwa pa mphamvu yake kuyamwa chinyontho. NKHANI mkati ndi kunja dongosolo, tanthauzo zachuma ndi ukulu wa ntchito mankhwala zolinga - pafupifupi onse ukugwirizana ndi kapangidwe dongosolo. Udindo womwewo ndi anachita mu chikhalidwe cha udindo.

Chinthu chachikulu - ndi kuti sphagnum amene chithunzi ife anaika nkhani kupanga madipoziti peat. Chifukwa gawo la zomera asidi sphagnum sfagnola ndi njira ya inali kuwola ndi kuwonongeka kwa mbali akufa m'munsi mwa mbewu pang'onopang'ono kwambiri. Zimenezi zimabweretsa mapangidwe zigawo peat. kanthu udzachitika pang'onopang'ono, za wina mita mu zaka chikwi.

M'pofunikanso chuma chifukwa waterlogging malo. Chifukwa, osati zomera, koma ambiri a biogeocoenosis lonse, zinyama, tizilombo ndiponso zolengedwa zina.

Ndalama anthu

Pali malo angapo chachikulu cha ntchito za munthu uyu Moss.

1. Nyumba caulking.
2. Monga kutchinjiriza zinthu zomangamanga.
3. Mankhwala zolinga monga antiseptic ndi tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.
4. Mu floristry.
5. Mu floriculture kusintha zinthu za m'nyumba ndi kutentha zomera kukula.
6. Kupanga mankhwala banja (detergents, okonza ndi disinfectants).
7. Peat - mafuta wapatali.
8. Nthawi zambiri ntchito ngati chuma zokutira zitsulo.
9. Mu mchitidwe Russian ya ulimi wa maswiti Moss ndi crackers.
10. Kodi Mavalidwe sphagnum (chithunzi pansipa, kumathandiza kulibwino kapangidwe ka zomera) ntchito cha m'ma XI. Kufikira tsopano, mtengo uwu sanataye Moss.

Choncho, likukhalira kuti peat sphagnum Moss - si chidwi ndi lofunika chomera monga gwero la mchere, komanso nyumba yosungiramo kwambiri mankhwala, gwero la chinyezi ndi aeration kwa mitundu ina ya zomera. chikuoneka wokongola mogwirizana ndi ntchito zochititsa chidwi ya kapangidwe mkati ndi makhalidwe a chilengedwe ndi moyo wa anthu.