Eros ndi chiyani? Tanthauzo ndi kutanthauzira kwa mawu

Palibe yankho limodzi la funso zimene Eros. Wina amaona mwa mawu yovutayi matupi chikondi, ena kuyang'ana pa iye osayenera olaula, ena akufufuza nthano zakale Greek. Ndipo Ndipotu chabwino. Tiyeni tiyese pamodzi kumvetsa matanthauzo a mawu momwe kalekale anasintha tanthauzo lake ndi chiyani lero ankaona Eros.

Tanthauzo la mawu akuti "Eros"

Pamene aliyense amadziwa, Agiriki, anali gulu lalikulu la milungu yosiyanasiyana. Ena anali ndi udindo nkhondo, ena kwa nthaka, ndi ena kusakasaka bwino. Pa nthawi yomweyo panali pang'ono ku Greece milungu chikondi. Mmodzi wa iwo anali Eros. Tikhoza kunena kuti ichi ndi tanthauzo loyamba la mawu.

Kenaka, zitsulo wotchedwa thupi ndi chikondi cha chibadwidwe ndi chikondi cha kudziŵa ndi kwa zonse zokongola.

Zambiri, pafupifupi nthawi zonse n'chimodzimodzi ndi chikondi Eros. Tanthauzo ndi kutanthauzira mawuwo papita nthawi, komanso kusintha kwa maganizo komveka kwambiri. Ena anzeru ndi mbiri yakale mwapang'ono tanthawuzo, pamene ena akufuna kum'kulitsa. Pakali pano, pali kutanthauzira zambiri mawu akuti "chikondi", kutanthauza kuti si ang'onoang'ono ndi mawu akuti "Eros".

nthano

Ponena za nthano ndi kuona momwe Mulungu anali Eros. Ancient Greece, malinga ndi nthano, anali kupereka khalidwe lake lolimba khalidwe. Iye akhapidziwa kuti anthu a m'phiri la Olympus kuti si nthawi zonse anabweretsa chikondi osangalala, nthawi zambiri zambiri kunapatsa anthu "payekha" kumverera.

Malinga ndi Baibulo lina akukhulupirira kuti Eros - mwana wa Ares, mulungu wa nkhondo, ndipo Aphrodite, mulungu wa chikondi. Pa zina - ndi chabe mnzake wosatha wa Aphrodite. Koma osati mulungu ndi chiwanda.

Komabe, malinga ndi nthano wina, Eros anaonekera kale Aphrodite, ndipo ngakhale Zeus. Iye anali, ngati ife tikanati lero wa m'nthawi ya Chisokonezo, amene analenga zamoyo zonse, Geei, kuti ndi Lapansi, ndipo Tatalasi, mulungu wa gehena. Ndipo anali kuthokoza Eros anaonekera milungu ina yonse. Chikondi zopangidwa Chisokonezo kulumikiza moyo wake Gaia.

Tikayang'ana zafotokozedwa, chinali pachiyambi si mnyamata wokongola kwa Olympus. Mulungu anali bisexual ndipo chinali ndi mitu inayi: mkango, njoka, nkhosa ndi Bovine. Kodi mapiko golide kuseri kwa icho chikalata bwino mulungu wa chikondi.

Kodi osiyana Cupid?

Kenako mu Eros anaonekera mnzake Roma - Cupid. milungu awiriwa anaperekedwa m'manja mwa uta golide ndi muvi. Nthawi zambiri, ndi Eros ankaimiridwa monga chachabechabe mnyamata bulondi. Iye anayamba kubweretsa anthu kukonda, ndipo ngakhale chimwemwe. Komabe, kwathunthu "zabwino" Mulungu sanatero. Kani, izo zakhala owonongedwa, wosamvera mnyamata.

Kumasiyanitsa Cupid ndi Eros:

1. Eros akhoza osati kungopereka, komanso kuti apfudze chikondi.
2. Cupid nthawi zonse ankaoneka ngati mnyamata, mulungu Greek ingaoneke monga mnyamata komanso munthu wamkulu.
3. Mosiyana Cupid, Eros amapereka osati chikondi, komanso chilakolako chogonana.

Kodi chidwi ndi maluwa akhafunika pikulu akhali duwa pa Cupid. Pa nthawiyi, pali ngakhale nthano. The mnyamata chidwi duwa, ndipo sanadziwe mu njuchi Mphukira. Tizilombo uyo zazing'ono mulungu. Iye anayamba kulira ndi anaulukira kwa Venus (Aphrodite). Kuchotsa kutupa, mayi kuika zimayambira duwa chilondacho. Ndipo ululu wapita. Wamkulu Eros kwambiri kawirikawiri amasonyezedwa ndi maluwa wosakhwima.

wokondedwa wa mulungu

Kwa nthawi yaitali, chikondi chenicheni sakudziwa yekha Eros. Ancient Greek nthano limatiuza kuti anakumana wake wokondedwa mwangozi. Mu ufumu wina anakhala wokongola mtsikana - Psyche. Iye anali wokongola, amene anayamba kunena kuti Aphrodite yekha anatsikira kwa iye Olympus.

Chathu wamkazi, kumva nkhani imeneyi, anaganiza zolanga mtsikanayo. Iye anaitana mwana wake Eros, anamulamula kuti tigwire okongola. Ndiye mulungu wa chikondi kupeza Psyche oyipa kwambiri ndi zonyansa mwamuna. Koma mnyamatayo sanasunge mawu ake opatsidwa kwa mayi, anagwa mchikondi ndi mtsikana ndipo anayamba kubwera kwa iye mu mawonekedwe a mizukwa.

Psyche ankadziwa kuti amakonda ake akhale munthu oyipa. Tsiku lina iye anabwera kupha mwamuna wake usiku, koma ataona okongola Eros - anasintha maganizo ake. Komabe, iye anakhetsa pa phazi dontho wake wa mafuta otentha kwa kandulo. Mulungu mantha ndege kupita kumwamba. Ndipo Psyche anaganiza kuti adziphe.

Ndiye okonda kuyembekezera kuti tipirire. Psyche anatsika mu ufumu wa akufa, ndipo anali pafupi kumwalira. Ataona chikondi awo, Zeus anawapatsa chilolezo ukwati ndi kupanga mtsikana wosafa.

Eros nzeru za Plato

Yankho la funso zimene Eros, anayesa kupeza anamatetule ambiri a m'nthawi yakale. Kuphatikizapo Plato. Wafilosofi kudzapeza tanthauzo limeneli. Iye anakhulupirira kuti mfundo Eros amatanthauza Cosmos. Ndi izi zikulumikizana chikhumbo:

• mwamuna ndi mkazi;
• wolemba ndi owerenga;
• dokotala ndiponso oleza mtima.

Mwachidule, Eros ndi mu dera lirilonse la moyo. Mu chipembedzo, matsenga, enieni sayansi. Iye monga kudzoza. Pamene kumverera uku wabadwa amakhala mu kukongola. Eros cha Plato - kufunafuna ganizoli.

chiphunzitso nzeru zapamwamba unapangidwa potengera ziphunzitso za akalambula wake: Homer ndi Hesiod. Ndipo poyamba ndi yowala, chikondi wambiri, ndipo chachiwiri - akhungu wachisokonezo mphamvu.

Mwa njira, ngakhale mu Greece wakale, anamatetule pa apeza awiri yonse ya chikondi :

1. Eros. Chikondi yotopetsa. Izi kulakalaka wokondedwa, ndipo yonse mwamuna wina.
2. Agape. Chikondi okondedwa. Kudzipereka kwa wina ndi mzake, zofuna wamba ndi makhalidwe abwino.

Kotero, ngakhale mu sayansi Eros - Ndikumva odzikonda, moto zonse mu njira yake kukonda.

anati Kodi Freud?

Sigmund Freud Koma kale m'zaka za m'ma 20, zoti tikambirane mawu "Eros". zochitika zina zopezeka psychoanalyst mwakamodzi. Pa choyamba mwapang'ono zosiyana ndi chilakolako wachigololo, kwathunthu kukana chiphunzitso cha Plato. Freud ananena kuti kupambana onse chikhalidwe ndi luso si kanthu koma sublimation cha Eros.

Mu ntchito zina katswiri anapeza kuti Eros - ndi chilakolako chogonana ndi chibadwa yosungira moyo wa munthu. Wasayansi wotchedwa chilakolako chogonana chikondi chenicheni wodziika. Pa nthawi yomweyo Eros ali mphamvu zake kuti Freud amatchedwa "libido".

Mu kafukufuku kwa tanthauzo la mawu sinathe kumeneko. Russian nzeru zapamwamba Semyon Frank Eros otchedwa chuma kugonana. Boris Vysheslavtsev samagwirizana ndi mnzake wake ndipo ankanena kuti "Eros kosaoneka kukopa corporeal," Zimatsuka ndipo amasintha munthu.

Eros ndi Thanatos

Zingatanthauze kuti ife kale anapeza yankho yokwanira funso la chimene Eros. Komabe, moona kumvetsa mawu awa kupyolera zosiyana ake - Thanatos. Kwenikweni, m'pofunika kuti abwerere Freud.

Katswiri akukhulupirira izo kamodzi Eros - ndi chibadwa cha moyo, payenera kukhala imfa chibadwa. Imfa pagalimoto, ndipo mokwiya - izi ndi Thanatos. Ndipo moyo wathu basi pakati pa mfundo ziwiri. Munthu aliyense nthawi kumva kukopa m'modzi wa iwo, ndiye wina.

Komabe, wasayansi Mapa sanakondwele: kaya anayesa chikondi, ziribe kanthu momwe ofunika moyo, kupambana kumapeto zonse mu njira yake wawononga Thanatos. Pankhaniyi, anthu mwamsanga lidzafika ukhale moyo wawo, m'pamenenso iwo amayamba kufuna imfa.

Nkhawa, malinga Freud, sikuti asapita wa moyo, koma onse a mitundu yake. Kuphatikizapo ubale pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi. Ndi ntchito zonse "ikulendewera" pakati pa chikondi ndi imfa.

Zimaonekera chikhalidwe

Chikhalidwe ndi luso komanso "anaba" Eros. Kufunika lingaliro ili ntchito n'zovuta Musaone.

Choyamba, ndithudi, anthu muli woyanjana ndi chithunzi cha mulungu kuchokera Olympus. chifanizo Chake kuonekera pa frieze ku Pompeii, pa Zithunzi wotchuka wa Piazza Armerina, Sicily. Mulungu analemekeza wolemba ndakatulo Wolemba wina. Komabe, akale Greek poetess Sappho zambiri anasonyeza nkhanza wake.

Mu nthawi ya Euripides Eros anapereka uta ndi mivi. Chithunzi cha mulungu sculpted Titian, Lysippos ndi ojambula zithunzi zina zambiri.

Mu 1915, ndi kuvina nyimbo Tchaikovsky Serenade Orchestra anapangidwa mu Russia. Choreographer anali Mikhail Fokine. Ballet anapereka zaka zingapo, iye anapulumuka ulimi. Komabe, silinalinso za Mulungu, koma za chikondi cha chibadwidwe. anali nthano, "Mngelo wa Fiesole" The chiwembu.

Nthanthi filimu "Eros ndi Chitukuko" anavula mu 1955, ku German nzeru zapamwamba Herbert Marcuse. Maziko a tepi kumaphatikizapo kuphunzira Sigmund Freud.

Kale mu 2004, mkulu Hong Kong Wong Kar-wai anapanga Mbali wake filimu "Eros." Chithunzi tichipeza mafilimu atatu lalifupi, akuuza omvetsera zokhudza kugonana ndi chikondi.

Dzina lotanthauza Eros

Monga tanena dzina la mulungu Greek Eros ankavala. m'nthawi yathu pa kubadwa nthawi zina kutenga dzina. Mukhoza ndikuganiza, ine ndikutanthauza izo - chikondi.

Ngati inu disassemble makalata, tikuona chithunzi zotsatirazi:

• E - amatanthauza sociable.
• F - m'thupimu, odzikonda.
• About - maganizo.
• C - moyenera.

Manambala ali n'kukagwiritsa dzina la nambala 3. Izi zikutanthauza kuti Eros - ndi munthu wansangala, luso, akhoza kuphunzira. Pa akuchedwa chomwecho, wofunitsitsa kusiya zonse. Amaganiza kuti mitundu wake mwayi - wakuda ndi imvi. Tsiku la sabata - Loweruka. A zitsulo - patsogolo. Totem nyama Eros akhoza kukhala ngamila, kamba, ndi Mfuko, bulu kapena nyerere.

Zomwe anthu otchuka omwe amavala dzina ili, mukhoza kusankha woimba Italy ndi kupeka - Eros Luchano Ramazotti.

Planet mu System Dzuwa

Kodi zodabwitsa zonse zakuthambo amadziwa zimene Eros. Iwo likukhalira kuti ndi dziko laling'ono mu dongosolo la zowalitsa. awiri ake ndi makilomita 20 okha. Ndidalipeza mwa malemu 19 m'ma zofufuzafufuza zakuthambo Carl Witt.

Eros anakhala munthu woyamba lotseguka pafupi-Earth asteroids. Wapadera yaing'ono dziko wakhala likupitirirabe. Mu 1996, ku America anatumiza spacecraft kuphunzira zinthu zakuthambo. Pafupifupi chaka loboti anaulukira padziko kanjira, ndipo February 14, 2001, tsiku la okonda, anafika pa asteroid lapansi. A masabata angapo zida anaphunzira padziko lathuli, kutumiza deta ku Earth.

Ndipo izi ndi zomwe tadziwa tsopano za dziko laling'ono mu dongosolo la zowalitsa:

1. Pali yokoka yaing'ono.
2. Eros mitanda kanjira wa Mars, koma sikusokoneza chiphonacho.
3. Ngati pa zifukwa zina asteroid a kanjira kosangalatsa, ndi Eros nalo ndi lathuli. Komabe, asayansi aona kuti mantha Sikuti nthawi ino. Maganizo awo, mazana angapo zaka chikwi zotsatira sizidzachitika.