Tanthauzo la mawu akuti "lustration". kusanthula zambiri

Nkhaniyi ikufotokoza tanthauzo la mawu akuti "lustration", amadziwa tanthauzo lake ndi kupereka zitsanzo zochitika za ndale Russian.

policy

Mu chitukuko cha kulikonse anthu masiku ano ndi mosalephera pali magulu osiyanasiyana a ndale ndi chikhalidwe. Nthawi zonse zinali chifukwa cha nkhondo zambiri pachiweniweni, masoka ndi zinthu oyaka. Ngakhale mayiko amenewo komwe kuli bwino dongosolo chipani chimodzi chokha ndi ufulu kuganiza sikuloledwa, pali nthawi zonse amene sanakhutire ndi dongosolo ziliri ndale ndi muyezo wa mphamvu.

Koma nthawi zina zimachitika kuti dongosolo lonse amasintha kwambiri Mwachitsanzo, chifukwa cha zinthu zisinthe, kapena chinachake. Ndiyeno mu zochita zambiri kukhwimitsa monga lustration. Tanthauzo la "lustration" Tikatha kupenda m'nkhani ino.

tanthauzo

Mawu "lustration" lachokera ku Latin lustratio, lomwe limatanthauza kuti "kuyeretsedwa kudzera mu nsembe." Komabe, kuchita izo siziri choncho zakuda. Ngati ife zitsanzo za maiko positi ndi zomwe a ku Ulaya, Russia ndi limati zina CIS, izi malamulo apadera ndi chizolowezi, chimene ntchito mmboma mphamvu ya chitetezo ndi maudindo ena kasamalidwe zofunika sanaloledwe anthu zokayikitsa kulamulira chipani cha dziko pazifukwa zandale. Kawirikawiri pakati pa anthu n'chinthu chofunikira anthu amene poyamba kuchita ndi nyumba kuonetsa wa boma lakale la ndale. Kotero tsopano ife tikudziwa chomwe lustration.

Komanso malamulo pamwamba kawirikawiri yokutidwa anthu onse amene anali nawo ziwawa mu dera la kuphwanya ufulu wa anthu, nkhanza nkhondo ndi chaola ndi chitetezo kapena propaganda nyumba ya boma kale. Iwo anazindikira kuti lustration yokha ayenera kusonyeza umayenda ndi mphamvu ya zida zatsopano utsogoleri. Iye akuswa kugwirizana ndi ofanana ndi wolamulira wakale, potero kuzindikira chigawenga ake. Ili ndi tanthauzo la mawu "lustration".

njira zofanana anali yogwira ambiri m'mayiko a ku Ulaya kuti anamasulidwa okha ku ukapolo lopondereza ndi dongosolo nkhanza andale ambiri. Koma anthu m'mayiko womwewo wa Latin America pa nthawi anali pansi lustration ochepa. Kawirikawiri zonse zikuthera otchedwa ndondomeko ya chiyanjanitso dziko.

Choncho tinakambirana tanthauzo la "lustration".

Mchitidwe m'mbiri ya Russia

Ngati ife kulankhula za dziko lathu mu nthawi kuyambira chiyambi cha kugwa kwa USSR, mabwalo chigamulo ankaona kuti n'zotheka lustration pa chitsanzo imene ankagwiritsa ntchito mu Europe. Tanthauzo la maganizo awa ndi kuonetsetsa kuti posachedwapa kuti asagwiritse ntchito yokonzekera ndi ophunzira kale ndondomeko opondereza chikominisi mu boma ndi ndale kwambiri. Mwachidule, tanthauzo la mawu akuti "lustration" ndi kuti, pofuna kupewa kale Achikominisi yogwira, antchito KGB ndi ena posts amene amapereka nthawi zina aliyense mlingo ulamuliro onse.

Komabe, maganizo a mtundu uwu wa mphamvu zokonza malamulo ndi boma ndipo sanalandire. The achisangalalo yekhayo ndi wotsiriza akali Russia pambuyo Soviet wakhala lamulo malinga ndi zomwe akuvutika anapulumutsa ndi kumukonzanso wa zandale wa mtundu wina, kuchokera October 18, 1991. bilu Izi zikutanthauza kuti anthu onse ogwira ntchito mphamvu ndi malamulo nyumba komwe kumachititsa milandu kupondereza ndale, ayenera kuonedwa criminally udindo. Koma, ngakhale kuti mudziwe ogwira ntchito amene anali akuti wolakwa tampering ndi umboni ndi maweruzo, nthawi panabukanso womkanikizawo, mu kuchita, kanthu kwa iwo analibe ntchito, osati kuwerengera milandu payekha. Kotero ife anayang'ana pa funso zimene lustration mu Russia.

Ukraine

Komabe, mawu umenewu wakhala kaŵirikaŵiri nawo pa TV ndendende chifukwa cha zochitika zandale anayamba ndi euromaidan otchedwa.

Mu 2014, mmodzi wa zofuna za chitsutso ndi mamembala euromaidan anakhala monga nkhani ya lustration ya akuluakulu panopa ndi anthu ena agwilitse udindo anthu ndi malamulo mabungwe malamulo. Kenako, pamene otsutsa anapambana, komiti unakhazikitsidwa pa lustration. Iye anayamba malamulo asilikali, tanthauzo la zomwe ndi kuyeretsa zida za mphamvu. Ndipo September 16, 2014 chilamulo ichi chinaperekedwa pa msonkhano wa Verkhovna Rada. Choncho tinaganiza kuti akuyimira mawu "lustration" ndipo anaitenga chitsanzo zenizeni lero.

Kenako, pa pempho kwa Nduna Yatsenyuk, pansi pa lamulo latsopano pa lustration kugwa pafupifupi wani miliyoni akuluakulu, alonda yazamalamulo ndi atumiki ena onse a boma. Komanso fufuzani ayenera kukhala phunziro kwa anthu amene amapereka zimene Russia kuti agwirizane ndi Crimea, ndi kulekana kwa zigawo kum'mawa kwa Ukraine.

Pomaliza

Komabe, panthawi lustration mu Ukraine chomwecho zambiri khalidwe umasinthasintha. Pali milandu pamene nthumwi za magulu osiyanasiyana a mtundu okha kusankha amene salinso woyenera kugwira ntchito ya boma mu ulamuliro wa latsopano. Iwo anathetsa hassles onse ndi manyuzipepala kuopsezana.

Kotero tsopano ife tikudziwa chomwe lustration.