Mapangidwe, Zilankhulo
Akuti odzikundikira mu English: Mfundo
Puronauni - ndi gawo la kulankhula, amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo mwa dzina. Osati "Petro" ndipo "" osati "wolemba mizere iyi," ndipo "ine". akuti kulamula monga munthu, lolani kuti uthenga wosapita m'mbali zambiri. Yerekezerani: "nsapato Pyotr Vasilievich" ndipo "nsapato zake." akuti odzikundikira mu chingelezi, komanso mu Russian, akuyankha funso "amene» (ndani?), «ndani chanji?".
Ichi ndi chipewa changa. - Ndi chipewa changa.
mphaka ake kuponderezedwa tulips wanga! - mphaka wake kuponderezedwa tulips wanga!
kuponi ndi wokongola kwambiri, koma ine 've kale anapeza ntchito. - kupereka Wanu ndi wokongola kwambiri, koma ine kale anapeza ntchito.
Mitundu akuti
akuti odzikundikira mu English akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu awiri aakulu, malingana ndi zimene amapanga mtundu kalembedwe - mtheradi kapena wachibale. Akuti mu mawonekedwe mtheradi palokha zokwanira, pamene puronauni wachibale sangathe ntchito paokha - kusanachitike nauni ndi.
Yerekezerani:
Iyi ndi sutikesi yanga (izi ndi mlandu wanga). - sutukesi Ichi ndi changa (sutukesi Izi - wanga).
Monga mukuonera, Chirasha sanasinthe maonekedwe a m'lowam'malo wa. M'nkhani ino ndiponso mulandu wina, timagwiritsa ntchito mawu omwewo - "wanga". Komabe, mu maganizo awiriwa ka osiyana zamalankhulidwe. Mawu chachiwiri m'gulu kwambiri. Koma si zokhazo. Independent odzikundikira puronauni zambiri zofunika kuti si zotere ndi kubwerezabwereza zosafunika. Mwachitsanzo, taonani kukambirana kuti:
- Kodi galimoto yanu? (Ichi ndi galimoto yanu?).
- Ayi, si galimoto yanga. (Ayi, si galimoto yanga.).
Ndipo tsopano Baibulo lina la kukambirana yemweyo:
- Kodi galimoto yanu? (Ichi ndi galimoto yanu?).
- Ayi, si anga. (Ayi, si changa.).
Ndipo ngati awiri a inu mukudziwa, chimene chinali kuchitika, ndiye kukambirana akhoza kuyang'ana ngakhale kochepa.
- Kodi wanu? (Ndi zanu?).
- Ayi, si anga. (Ayi, ayi kwanga).
Wachibale odzikundikira akuti mu chingelezi, monga tanenera kale, akugwiritsidwa kokha pamaso manauni. Pali ena subtleties: ngati pali puronauni, nkhani ndi sanalinso ofunikira. Pambuyo akuti mukhoza kuima adjective wina. Mwachitsanzo: yanga yofiira oseketsa mpira - tisangalale wanga kulira mpira. Komabe, pali adjectives awiri kuti ntchito mogwirizana ndi mawu kulamula: onse (onse) ndi onse (onse). Mwachitsanzo: mipira anga onse ali chofiira (mipira anga onse - wofiira).
Chidule tebulo akuti mu English chili m'munsimu.
| personals | Odzikundikira puronauni (mawonekedwe wachibale) | Odzikundikira puronauni (mawonekedwe mtheradi) | Mwachitsanzo |
| ine | wanga | wanga | Ndine woyimba. Ichi ndi zeze wanga. The zeze ndi zanga. |
| ife | wathu | athu | Ndife ophunzira. Izi chipinda wathu. pakompyuta amene athu. |
| inu | lanu | wanu | Inu ndinu wophunzira. Kodi buku lanu? Kodi buku lanu? |
| Iye | lake | lake | Iye ndi freelancer. Ichi ndi malo ake. Tsambali ndi wake. |
| iye | lake | Tamara, anamuchititsa | Iye akusewera zeze wake. The zeze ndi ake. |
| Ndi | ake | ake | Ndi mphaka. Ichi ndi nyumba yake ndi mphasa iyi ake. |
| iwo | awo | awo | Iwo ndi mabwenzi abwino. Iwo akuyenda pamodzi ndi ana awo. Ana awo. |
The mavuto chachikulu
Ndipamene kuphunzira sikugwira zambiri amayambitsa mavuto, komanso kumvetsetsa ndi kumasulira malemba English. Koma apa pali kusinthika n'zosiyana kuchokera Russian mu English, pali mavuto ena. Mwachitsanzo, "Ine kum'pempha," ndi "ichi chipewa chake." Zingatanthauze kuti tikuona apa ndi awiri mawu mwamtheradi zofanana - ". Icho" Koma ngati ife tingakhoze kumasulira pawo mofanana? Ngati muli bwinobwino ndi mawu womana, musati musokonezeka imeneyi. Odzikundikira puronauni ntchito pano Koma ngati wachiwiri. Amene Chipewa? - Iye. Ndiko - wake. Koma chiweruzo "ndamuitana" puronauni si zimaonetsa amayanjana. Izi puronauni zinachitikira genitive, kuyankha funso "amene", motero, apa m'pofunika ntchito puronauni iye mu nkhani genitive - naye.
Pali wina kulakwitsa wamba. chilengedwe akuti "lake" Russian. Mu English, si, ife kulankhula m'malo mwa "» yake - iye, mmalo mwa "» awo - awo ndi zina zotero. Ndipo chofunika, ndi puronauni zina m'malo Mfotokozi, makamaka pamaso pa limatanthauza katundu, okondedwa, kapena ziwalo. Mwachitsanzo, "Iye kuvala magalasi ake." Monga mukuonera, timakhulupirira kuposa akusonyeza kuti nachiyika magalasi ake. Zimenezi zinatanthauza. Kumanga mawu mu English, tiyenera kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi pamaso pa mawu kapena nkhani yotsimikizika, ndi kulamula puronauni. Pankhaniyi, ndi puronauni lidzalira kwambiri zachilengedwe. Iye wavala magalasi ake.
Kodi kuphunzitsa mawu odzikundikira mu English
Malinga ndi malangizo a aphunzitsi kuphunzira galamala idzakhala yophweka ngati mutsatira malamulo awa: Musathamangire kuti disassemble malamulo onse kalembedwe zitsanzo, kupanga nokha tebulo. Ndipotu puronauni - ichi ndi chimodzi mwa losavuta kwa iwo amene ali m'Chichewa. Zochita, odzikundikira mawu kuti abwerezedwa mtundu wina, angapezeke mu zosiyanasiyana ntchito. zolimbitsa pachimake kulimbitsa nkhani pamwamba chikupezeka mu mabuku kapena mayesero - chimene chikuchita ndi mawu wotsala mukufuna kumanga mawonekedwe olondola a puronauni kulamula. Nthawi zambiri, kuti adziwe nkhani, zokwanira kuchita 4-5 ngati zokambirana komanso tisanthule malemba angapo.
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