Cryostasis: kodi zodabwitsazi, ndipo amene ali achilendo. Mfundo inaimitsidwa makanema ojambula. Cryostasis munthu

Potengera chikhalidwe cha misa, makamaka mafilimu a kanema, lalikulu ndi wosatsutsika. Mwachitsanzo, inaimitsidwa makanema ojambula. Chimene icho chiri, anthu panopa ofooka, koma aliyense akudziwa za izo, amene ali wamkulu kuposa atatu - zisanu, chifukwa mafilimu ngati "alendo" kapena "Avatar". Komabe tokovanii akuti pali ena olakwika sizachilendo. Ambiri amanena kuti makanema ojambula inaimitsidwa - loto, ngati imfa. Koma kufotokoza kupsa kwambiri mphwayi, umene ndi chikhalidwe chowawa, concomitant kutopa kwambiri, chipwirikiti, ndi amphamvu mwadzidzidzi zipolowe. A boma la inaimitsidwa makanema ojambula - ndi zoteteza wopita chikhalidwe cha zimene kumathandiza kuti apulumuke zonse mavuto.

Mbiri ya chiyambi cha mawu akuti

Choyamba anapeza ndipo anafotokoza chodabwitsa Leeuwenhoek, ndipo izo zinachitika awiri ndi theka zapitazo. Mu chochitika penapake mwachisawawa anaika mu madzi mchenga wouma. Patapita kanthawi pansi maso kuona zinthu yaing'ono boma yogwira. Pambuyo kuyanika, iwo kachiwiri zowoneka unatha. Izi nyama zing'onozing'ono Leeuwenhoek otchedwa rotifers - ndi zina anafotokozedwa koyamba hibernation. Kodi zodabwitsazi, anati Wilhelm Preyer. Iye anachipereka icho dzina, ndipo izo zinachitika chakachi chitadutsa, m'zaka 19 mochedwa (kapena yeniyeni, mu 1873). Translation akuti opezeka mu mitundu iwiri. Malinga woyamba "Ana" - "Ayi" ndipo "BIOS" - "moyo". Gawo lachiwiri, ndi njira, anamasulirapo yofanana. Koma poyamba nthaŵi zina ankachita monga "latsopano". Choncho, m'nkhani yoyamba, ife tiribe "moyo", "imfa akuoneka", lachiwiri - "kuchira", "kubwerera ku moyo".

Cryostasis: ndi pamaso pa zamoyo

Onse njira chibadidwe boma amalowa m'thupi, izo mochedwa kwambiri kuti palibe zizindikiro kunja moyo. Izi ndi mfundo za inaimitsidwa makanema ojambula. State akuwonetseredwa mu kuwonongeka kwa zinthu zachilengedwe. Kwambiri kutchulidwa inaimitsidwa makanema ojambula akanika, mogwirizana, amene angathe kupanga chotupa, ndi bowa. Malinga ndi malo kufalitsa malo oyamba ali wotanganidwa ndi chipululu zolengedwa anatani m'njira kutentha mkulu. Koma tisaiwale, kungotchulapo inaimitsidwa makanema ojambula, ndi chodabwitsa zosakhalitsa kudutsa paokha, mwamsanga pamene zinthu kukhala zabwino kwambiri padziko. Palibe mphamvu zina umagwiritsidwa ntchito si koyenera kuti "chitsitsimutso".

mitundu ya inaimitsidwa makanema ojambula

Malinga ndi mawu a pafupipafupi ndi isanayambike hibernation gawo pa simuchita ndi nyengo. The akangofika pa luntha thupi lake pamene mwadzidzidzi zinthu ozungulira kusintha kuti kukaika kuponya pa linakhalapo. Zitsanzo ndi zokumana nazo zonse zofanana Leeuwenhoek.

Nyengo zosiyana nthaŵi; zamoyo kugwera mu izo mu nyengo akumane kwa iwo ndipo akukonzekera izo zisanachitike. Kapena amamangirira siteji zina za chitukuko. Chitsanzo chabwino - cysts, mbewu, spores, udzudzu mphutsi.

Mukhozanso sankhani zonse (zoona kapena weniweni) ndi tsankho hibernation. Woyamba ali osowa kwambiri m'chilengedwe - zinthu zambiri ndi zinthu ziti zimene tiyenera mwamalunji. Sayansi lonse mu "tulo" thupi mabasi, koma mphamvu zobwezeretsa ntchito yofunika kukhala. Chosakwanira inaimitsidwa makanema ojambula losiyana kuteteza njira amuzolengedwa mu kuchitapo. Mndandanda wa anthu amene ntchito, ndi mochuluka kwambiri.

Akhoza ndani anabiosis

Mndandanda si choncho kwambiri, makamaka ngati tikumbukira woona inaimitsidwa makanema ojambula:

• mabakiteriya kupanga spores;
• bowa - osati iwo amene anadya, ndipo tosaoneka;
• invertebrates mogwirizana - kuchokera coelenterates (mitundu ina) kuti tizilombo pang'ono;
• za nyama zimene zili - mileme, ena achule (Siberia salamander Dalliah ndi - nsomba, lomwe likupezeka mu Chukotka ndi Alaska);
• zomera - mbewu ndi spores, mtsutso anastatica, amene kugwera mu ziwalo vegetative mu inaimitsidwa makanema ojambula pankhaniyi.

zinthu zofunika

Popanda madzi m'thupi la inaimitsidwa makanema ojambula sizingatheke. Komabe, aliyense madzi m'thupi kumayambitsa kuti: pa hibernation ayenera zisungidwe Kapangidwe ka mapuloteni ndi, kuti ambiri a zinthu zamoyo palibe. Ngati mapuloteni wasweka pa madzi m'thupi, ayambe lake lonse ndi yotheka - ifa.

mtsutso sayansi

Pakati pa asayansi palibe kugwirizana zimene kuthana ndi aakulu ndendende zinthu zachilengedwe akhoza zimachitika maganizo "inaimitsidwa makanema ojambula." Kodi mawu amenewa amatanthauza chiyani? Pofuna kuti akhoza zokhudzana hibernation, osati aliyense wagwirizana. Koma chifukwa chakuti ambiri njira akulephera: nyama sayenera chakudya, osati defecating, sikuti amadwala yozizira ndi asaone ludzu, komabe kupuma, mtima kumenyedwa, ndi zina zosiyanasiyana amuzolengedwa mu thupi lekani, akatswiri ambiri timakonda kuganiza kuti kugona kungakhale kuganiza wina chosakwanira, tsankho hibernation.

Koma kuyimitsidwa njira yofunika kwambiri mwankhanzaku chidaliro anabiosis amatanthauza asayansi. M'munsi kale osachepera kuti pamaso kupita mu mkhalidwe chamoyo wa achule yomweyo anayamba kupanga mtundu wa zoletsa kuwuma kuti akufunika kuteteza crystallization wa madzi mkati maselo, omwe akupatsidwa kumabweretsa chotupa nembanemba selo, ndi imfa ya nyama. Mu chule kugwira mtima, impso si ntchito, palibe kupuma. A mapuloteni - osatetezeka kwambiri ku mlili zikuluzikulu za thupi - ndi n'kukhala hydrogel ndi ofanana mu maonekedwe ndi gelatin youma. Mu inaimitsidwa makanema ojambula chule zikuwoneka palibe kusiyana kwa akufa. Komabe, ndi kwanyengo mtima amayamba kumenya, ndi ntchito zonse limzake.

Ziyembekezo munthu

Ngati nthawi akhululukidwe anthu hibernation, mankhwala mwamsanga kupita ku mlingo lotsatira. Zidzatheke kukhalabe umphumphu wa thupi la wovulalayo kuti athe kumchiritsa. Lilipo kutsimikizira interstellar kuyenda (kumbukirani zopeka mafilimu kachiwiri kwa dziko). Komabe, si koyenera kuyembekezera yojambula ngati posachedwapa.