Cephalopods: kufotokoza mwachidule kalasi

Cephalopods ali koposa kalasi mtundu molluscs. Monga ulamuliro, mamembala a gulu moyo mu madzi m'madzi komanso amakonda otentha kapena subtropical nyengo. Komabe, mitundu ina kukhala ndi zambiri kotentha, kuphatikizapo malo kumalo ozizira.

Maphunziro Cephalopods: nyumbayi thupi

Thupi la gulu amakhala ndi amgwirizano chosokonekera ndi bwino ogaŵikana zigawo ziwiri - mutu ndi torso. Mwendo ngale mu njira ya kusanduka chasanduka mu nyuzi ndi inanso padziko tentacles ake. Koma lakuya, ndiye mitundu patsogolo kwambiri yafupika ndi pansi pa khungu (mwina kwina). oimira wosazindikira yodziwika ndi chipolopolo chachikulu akunja ndi kuchuluka kwa zipinda osiyana.

Khungu, lomwe lili thupi, imakhala wosanjikiza umodzi wa epithelium ndi minofu connective wosanjikiza. Mwa njira, mitundu ina ndi chromatophores maselo pigment, imene thupi kusintha mtundu, kukhala pafupifupi wosaoneka ndi maziko a chilengedwe.

Kumbali ventral a chovala thupi ndi M'mimbamo limene ducts lotseguka kugonana ndi machitidwe excretory, ndi chotulukira.

Cephalopods ntchito mochititsa chidwi kwambiri kuyenda. Amphamvu minofu contractions kukankha madzi a chovala M'mimbamo mu chilengedwe, kupanga mphamvu chonyansa.

Cephalopods: kapangidwe mkati

Dongosolo m'mimba. Yekha mamembala onse a m'kalasi ndi gulu la adani. Nyama zazikulu ndi nkhanu, nsomba yaing'ono ndi nkhono zina. nyama Choyamba analanda nyama ntchito zake tentacles. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti mitundu ina ya zopangitsa malovu kutulutsa poizoni kuti anagwira nyama zoperekedwa nsembe. Kenako, chakudya labwino kwa mphamvu za nsagwada tentha mthupi, kenako walowa pakhosi. The pharyngeal M'mimbamo lotseguka ducts wa zopangitsa malovu, amene kupukusa polysaccharides ndi mbali mapuloteni. Pakuti bolus esophageal akulowa m'mimba, omwe mukopedwe mu chiwindi ndi michere pancreatic. chakudya m'mimba akankhidwira mu intestine, umene umatha ndi chotulukira lapansi.

Mwa njira, nyama zina za gulu ili ndi wapadera chipangizo - otchedwa "inki sac" muli nkhani mdima. Mavutowo chinsinsi kuchokera mu thumba anali jetted kudzera chotulukira, amene limachititsa msanga kubisa mollusk.

dongosolo kupuma tichipeza makutu bwino anapanga amene anakonza m'mbali mwa M'mimbamo mu pakhoma. dongosolo kudzipatula tichipeza 2 - 4 impso.

Mitsempha ya magazi ndi bwino anayamba ndi tichipeza mtima, mitsempha ya magazi, ndipo otchedwa "gill mitima", amene amathandiza magazi pulsation makutidwe ndi okosijeni. N'zochititsa chidwi kuti ngati pigment kupuma opezeka ena oimira keyhole muli mkuwa. N'chifukwa chake magazi buluu nyamayi.

Tikumbukenso kuti gulu la nyama ali kwambiri anayamba mantha dongosolo la invertebrates onse. Mutu ganglia anabisa chinachake chonga cranium. Mphamvu ziwalo - maso, mawotchi tilinazo kununkhiza - bwino kwambiri anayamba.

Cephalopods: oimira odziwika bwino m'kalasi

Aliyense wa cephalopod ali tingachidziwe osiyana, zimasintha zodabwitsa kusaka ndi moyo mu kuya kwa nyanja.

Mwachitsanzo, cuttlefish pafupifupi amagwiritsa ntchito nthawi yake onse anayikidwa mu mchenga pansi pa dziwe. Iyo ikuchoka ndi okhawo maso - zimathandiza kudziwa nyama msanga.

Nyamayi - wina cephalopod wotchuka, amene angafune kukhala pansi miyala. Apa, chitha mwangwiro yodzibisa ndipo tibiseni pafupi ndi mwala. Phazi la nyama lagawidwa tentacles angapo suction kumbali yam'kati.

Kagulu odziwika - nyamayi, amene panopa ankaona kuti mamembala yachangu ndi achangu a m'kalasi.