Kufanizitsa ya kusintha sayansi ndi kufanizitsa kwa anthu mu Sociology

Kufanizitsa otchedwa njira za sayansi, lomwe limapanga malire a dongosolo chinthu ndi magulu mothandizidwa ndi idealized (kapena zowombetsa mkota) lachitsanzo kapena mtundu. Mu Chaanthu, pali typologies zingapo za anthu, koma wotchuka kwambiri ndipo anazindikira ndi kufanizitsa kwa anthu a D. Bell ndi kufanizitsa kwa anthu A. Toffler.

Kufanizitsa wa anthu mu Sociology

Kufanizitsa wa anthu mu Chaanthu A. Toffler, potengera chiphunzitso cha "mafunde atatu". Asayansi ndi ochita kafukufuku A.Tofler ankakhulupirira kuti osauka, anthu ali zitatu zofunika kusintha kwakukulu: ulimi agrarian, mafakitale ndi sayansi. Choncho, yoweyula woyamba anatembenuzira wongosamukasamuka mu alimi amangokhala. Yoweyula chachiwiri zasintha dongosolo chikhalidwe ndi ulimi ku mafakitale. Koma yoweyula chachitatu cha chiyambi cha nyengo kompyuta, analalikira ndipo anakhazikitsa watsopano mudziwe anthu.

Yoweyula lotsiriza, molingana A. Toffler, angachotsedwe kusintha apitirize kucheza ndi anthu zikamera sverhindustrialnogo.

Choncho, kudalira maganizo akewo, A. Toffler amalenga kufanizitsa zotsatirazi wa magulu:

- chikhalidwe kapena agrarian anthu,

- capitalist kapena anthu mafakitale,

- ano, kapena anthu mudziwe.

Ndipo amapereka kufotokoza zotsatirazi sorvremennomu (zambiri) anthu. Iye akukhulupirira kuti anthu masiku ano ali ndi makhalidwe zinthu zotsatirazi: kufunitsitsa chitukuko zonse ndi kusintha, mkulu mlingo wa sayenda chikhalidwe, rationalism, pa kudziŵa, makhalidwe a anthu amatsatila asapita msika, komanso kusapezeka kwa malamulo oletsa aliyense makhalidwe abwino ndi malangizo ndi zambiri.

Kufanizitsa wa anthu mu Chaanthu Daniel Bell amaona anthu mu mgwirizano wa zamoyo wa chidziwitso ndi luso. Kuchokera pa ichi, Daniel Bell kupeza zotsatirazi mitundu ya kampani: kwa mafakitale, mafakitale ndi maphokoso mafakitale.

Ndipo amapereka Poyankha positi anthu mafakitale. Kuti zimenezi zitheke, mbali kampani ali patsogolo malonda pakati limati, "mudziwe kuphulika", mwachitsanzo. E. The phindu ndi udindo wa ukuwonjezeka zambiri, komanso kudzera chitukuko cha mayiko mauthenga yomweyo mgwirizano, ndiko. E. The zikamera wa "mudzi padziko lonse."

Kufanizitsa ya Scientific Revolutions

Kusintha mwadzidzidzi a dongosolo kuti khalidwe atsopano otchedwa zisinthe. kusintha Scientific amakonda zambiri zochitika zosiyanasiyana. Mavuto a kufanizitsa ya kusintha sayansi ndi kuti m'pofunika kudziwa ndiponso tione mbali zonse za izo, kudziwa udindo ndi chikoka ya aliyense wa iwo sayansi. Komabe, chizindikiritso ndipo anapeza chinachake nthawi zonse kumatanthauza kupeza zinthu zatsopano ndi luntha lake, limene pamapeto ayenera kulandira chithandizo kuti iwo anagwirizana ndi sayansi. Chitsanzo chimodzi cha Mipukutu ya ku maso pa zamoyo kapena telesikopu mu zakuthambo, amene anapereka maonekedwe a zinthu zatsopano kale kufikako ndi kusintha sayansi.

Scientific utasintha - .. Kodi kwenikweni kusintha kwa sayansi pa muzu, ndiko kuti, kuonekera kwa zinthu zatsopano kumabweretsa kusintha kotheratu sayansi.

Kuonetsetsa mitundu 4 kusintha sayansi pa malo awa:

- zikamera mfundo zatsopano ongolankhula;

- chitukuko cha njira yatsopano;

- chitukuko cha maphunziro atsopano methodological;

- chizindikiritso cha maofesi latsopano kafukufuku.

Palinso kufanizitsa pofufuza malo ena:

- zigawo za kafukufuku (maonekedwe a njira yatsopano, chizindikiritso cha dziko latsopano, ndi ena.)

- kupingasa Kuphunzira (a zisinthe lonse mu sayansi kapena zovuta).

Choncho, monga kufanizitsa ya kusintha sayansi, ndi kufanizitsa kwa anthu mu Chaanthu zochokera chinthu kuphunzira ndi kugawa dongosolo ndi grouping pamaziko a chitsanzo zowombetsa mkota.