BlackBerry: kuswana, kulima. matenda zakuda

BlackBerry ndi nthambi nyenyezi yaing'ono zitsamba ndi yaitali anatambasula kapena zimayambira chilili wa banja Rosaceae, kukula kudutsa kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Chikhalidwe ndi dongosolo amphamvu muzu amatha kulowa kwambiri mu nthaka, kotero amaundana ngakhale mu nyengo kwambiri. Komanso, chifukwa cha okwana mbewu zofunda chapakati muzu mosavuta kupirira chilala mwachidule. Ndipo tsopano zambiri zifika chidwi - mmene kukula mabulosi akuda?

chisamaliro

Culture ndithu wovuta kusamalira, kuyambira chisamaliro zosayenera zomera osati kuvutika maonekedwe ake, komanso kwambiri kusiya zokolola. BlackBerry imatengedwa heat- ndi kuwala kukoma chikhalidwe. Iye amakonda nthaka ndi ndale ndi ofooka asidi anachita. Pansi pa makhalidwe a siziyenera kukhala zolimba, ndi pakati pa mizere ayenera kuchotsa namsongole. Pa ambiri maluwa n'kofunika kuti nthaka anali lonyowa, koma sayenera kuperekedwa madzi stagnate. Chomera salola malo madzi ndi madzi anasefukira, ndi kusamalira mabulosi akuda zambiri zovuta.

Pambuyo mvula kapena kuthirira nthaka chofunika kulima kuti akuya masentimita 8, pamene kuyesera kuti aswe mizu pang'ono. Kanjira ayenera kuphimbira zambiri mankhwala organic. Ngati zakuda amamera yonyowa, dothi bwino chatsanulidwa, ❖ kuyanika ali osavomerezeka.

kuthirira chikhalidwe

Akukhulupirira kuti zomera ndi chilala zosagwira, koma wakonda chinyezi. Polingalira za kupewa kuumitsa kunja pansi, makamaka kukalamba chipatso. Ndi yaitali chilala akuvutika gawo aboveground ya chikhalidwe: zikumera wamng'ono ndiribe nthawi kuti abwere bwino, kuyamba kuguluka ayikidwako impso, ndi zipatso alipo youma ndi kutha.

Kuwonjezera khola pansi chinyezi, chisamaliro mabulosi akuda kumafuna ena mpweya ndi chinyezi. Pa nkhani imeneyi, m'nthawi ya chilala yaitali, ayenera kukhala madzulo utsi tchire.

tchire Young M'chaka choyamba pambuyo makhalidwe a muyenera kuthirira nthaŵi zonse, kukhala nthaka lonyowa. Kutsirira chikuchitika kumbuyo yekha ofunda njira zina madzi kukapanda kuleka. Pa mapeto a ulimi wothirira yotentha yafupika yochepa, ndipo mu October mpaka pansi thengo lirilonse uzipereka malita 30 a madzi mmera osati atapanga m'nyengo yozizira.

pamwamba kuvala

Ngati mbewu zina zonse horticultural, mabulosi akuda akusowa chakudya chamagulu. Kumatheka mayamwidwe wa zakudya imagwera pa siteji yogwira mapangidwe, kukula ndi maluwa. Izi ziri ku May kwa July, pamene limamasula zakuda. Kubalana komanso kugwa nthawi imeneyi. Nthawi imeneyi, tchire imayambira feteleza zambiri. Koma sitiyenera sate chikhalidwe chifukwa akhoza zoipa bwanji zokolola ndi chikhalidwe cha tchire.

Mu sitepe ukufalikira Chomera chimafuna potassium Choncho chofunika kuwonjezera aliyense feteleza potashi kapena kuthira chitsamba phulusa osakaniza (magalamu 200 phulusa pa malita 10 a madzi). Mu nyengo zipatso kudzazidwa ikuchitika foliar feteleza zovuta mchere organic, kutsitsi masamba ndi Kuwonjezera wa potaziyamu, asafe ndi phosphorous. kuvala aliyense wapangidwa mu nthaka pambuyo wetting.

powonjezera organic

Mabulosi akuda, Kuwulura umene takupatsani, ilo limakula pamalo amodzi kwa 10-15 zaka, ndi pambuyo makhalidwe a chaka 3-4-TH anafunika chaka kupanga feteleza organic (peat, kompositi, chawola manyowa), komanso kupanga kuchepetsa fetereza nkhuku manyowa pa ukuyanga.

The organics ali ambiri anawonjezera m'dzinja kukumba, amene timipata kumasula ndi olemedwa kumtunda 1 lalikulu. m. kuti makilogalamu 5 manyowa, kuwasakaniza ndi 40 ga sulphate potaziyamu ndi 30 ga superphosphate. M'chaka, mwamsanga pamene woyamba mazira nucleate, umuna zomera kuvala aliyense nitric (urea kapena ammonium nitrate). Koma kumapeto kwa dzinja sayenera kuperekedwa fetereza - lingachititse kukula mofulumira chikhalidwe, ndi chitsamba sanathe moyenerera kukonzekera yozizira.

kudulira mabulosi akuda

M'chaka chomera ngakhale asanabadwe impso ndi kudula ndi zinadulidwa pambuyo nthambi youma chisanu ndi munakhala ndi chisanu pamaso majeremusi woyamba wa thumba losunga mazira pamwamba wathanzi. Tchire, mapangidwe koyamba kufupikitsa awiri pansi :. Mu May kumapangitsanso kukula kwa mbali zimayambira nakonza kumtunda kwa mphukira wa masentimita 5-7, ndipo mu July 8-10 masentimita tadulidwa pa nsonga ya nthambi kuti ndakalamba m'litali wamkulu kuposa 50 cm kwa iwo zokhazo 6-8 mphukira kwambiri, ena kungoti kuchotsedwa.

Kodi osagwirizana zitsamba okhwima

Mu tchire wamkulu, wosweka padera ndi podmerzshie mapesi, mphukira masika amazidulira zonse lotayirira, kusiya chitsamba 5-10 wathanzi mphukira. Nthambi mbali Kadulidwa mu njira yakuti iwo anali 8-12 mazira. Kudulira mabulosi akuda amayamba chifukwa chakuti pa gawo kukula kwa kuchotsedwa anapanga pa mbande yotentha muzu, kusunga okha amene utakula ku kasupe (monga iwo udzabala zipatso mu chaka chamawa).

nthambi Spring ayenera adzafupikitsidwa mu yophukira pa kutalika kwa 1.8-2 mamita Komanso kufunika kudula zimayambira odwala onse. ndikofunika kudula pa muzu wa njira zonse za chaka chachiwiri pambuyo amaliza fruiting awo.

BlackBerry: kubalana

wamaluwa anakumana ntchito njira zosiyanasiyana kuswana kubzala.

1. Apical layering. Njira imeneyi ndi yabwino kwa kuswana mitundu chafalikiradi. Pakati pa July ndi August pafupi tchire choyambirira kuchita kulondoloza 30 cm kuya ndi kufala kwa neodrevesnevshie mphukira nsonga. Pambuyo pake, mudzaze iwo ndi dothi. Pamaso yozizira zikumera ayenera mizu, koma sanabwere. Ndi kubera mphukira kasupe akhoza sakukhudzidwa ndi chikhalidwe mayi ndi anabzala kuti malo okhazikika.
2. Muzu cuttings. Popeza kuti mapeto a September mpaka m'ma October akhale kwathunthu kukumba kunja chitsamba ndi kuchotsa nthambi zonse, ndipo mizu kusema cuttings wa zakuda (Mpaka 1 masentimita wakuda ndi 7 masentimita m'litali). Kukolola zopangira kusungidwa mu mchenga, peat pa malo ozizira. Mu mvula, mwamsanga pamene nthaka umafunda, izo zidzakhala zofunikira kupanga recess wa masentimita 15 mwakuya ndi atumiza muzu gawo lililonse 20 cm. Kenako lembani kubzala zakuthupi yonyowa pokonza lapansi ndi madzi. Pa yotentha, umachitika nthawi zonse kupalira kuthirira ndi Kupalira. M'dzinja oyambirira, payenera kukhala mbande wathanzi. Ndi chitsamba mayi okhwima tikhale kwa zomera 300 atsopano.
3. Suckers. Aliyense chitsamba zakuda akhoza kubweretsa chaka chilichonse 20 zanthete muzu. Pakati pa May ndi June, pamene nthambi kufika kwa masentimita 15 m'litali, ayenera kusankha amphamvu zimayambira, mokoma iwo ku chitsamba chachikulu, nthawi yomweyo kumtunda malo okhazikika. Chigumula chimenechi zikhoza kuchitidwa ndi autumn, koma zitsamba sangakhoze kulekerera yozizira, ndipo musati kukula mabulosi akuda.
4. Kubereka ndi kugawa chitsamba. Njira ntchito pokhapokha ngati chikhalidwe sadzalola mphukira. Chitsamba chilichonse anakumba mbali 5-6, omwe akuwasunga 2-3 wathanzi nthambi achinyamata. Chifukwa zopangira kuika mu malo zonse.
5. Mbewu. Ambiri a mitundu pa kuswana mbewu akhoza kukhala ndi ntchito za amayi ndi pazipita lapansi. Mbewu zambiri anasonkhana pa siteji ya kukhwima zokwanira yozizira anayikidwa mu malo ozizira kwa stratification. Mu March, kutenga mbewu, titanyowa kwa masiku angapo mu chophuka stimulator kapena kusungunula madzi ndiyeno anabzala mu muli wa ku 8 mm mozama. Mbewu mosalekeza anatsanulira ndi kusungidwa ndi kutentha kwa madigiri 20. Kudzala mbewu pansi lotseguka monga kutheka pambuyo mapangidwe masamba 4. Anakulitsa unsembe zakuda (kubalana wakhala tafotokozazi) akuyamba kukolola yekha chaka 4.

matenda chikhalidwe

Kukhala okhutira ndi fruiting zonse wochuluka, ayenera kuwunika ukupeza pachitsamba, kupewa pamaso namsongole pakati pa mizere ya, stagnation yaitali madzi kapena chilala. matenda Main wa mabulosi akuda:

• Anthracnose - kukwapula zipatso, angapezeke pa mapeto a kasupe, kuchititsa m'goli ndi pang'onopang'ono chitukuko cha zipatso.
• Dzimbiri - matenda wowononga masamba achinyamata ndi zimayambira. Kunja izo zikuwoneka ngati bulauni mawanga, kuchepetsa zokolola 60%.