Dongosolo ndalama Akuluakulu a ku Russia

Monetary dongosolo - mtundu wa wagawo ndalama mu dziko, amene legislated ndipo amapereka mgwirizano wa mbali zosiyanasiyana za kufalitsidwa kwa ndalama.

dongosolo la ndalama amapereka zitsulo ndalama, ndalama, Ndalama dongosolo, dongosolo la makope ndalama.

dongosolo ndi chitsulo mfulu, kuchita ambiri ofanana ntchito. Monetary zitsulo anatsimikiza ndi mawu a lothandiza mbiri. Chiyambireni wa mzaka zana makumi awiri m'mayiko capitalist zinali zagolide m'malo siliva.

dongosolo National ndalama anayamba kutenga mawonekedwe ndi zaka za 16-17. pamodzi ndi mawu a bizinesi, limati centralized ndi mapangidwe misika dziko.

Dongosolo ndalama m'dziko lililonse anayamba zikuphatikizapo zinthu monga ndalama, mtundu mtundu winawake wa ndalama, mtengo lonse, dongosolo kulamulira umuna ndi boma zida za ndalama.

Ndalama - kuchuluka kwa chitsulo chabwinocho, kuitenga lonse la mitengo. dzina ndalama anatsimikiza ndi boma. Scale a mitengo ndi chisonyezo cha mtengo wa katundu ndi anthu ena ndi kulemera kwa zitsulo wamtengo unit ndalama.

Mitundu ya ndalama kuti ndi zololedwa malamulo wachifundo, tikukongoza ndalama ndi zolemba banki, ndalama pepala.

Mu dongosolo umuna amadziwa dongosolo la kumasulidwa ndi kulipira wotsatira wa banknotes, anapereka lamulo. Nkhani imene Bank ku Central ndi Treasury.

dongosolo la ndalama amakhala ndi zinthu wamba m'mayiko onse otukuka. Ndi chiyembekezo chakuti boma cha zili golide mayunitsi ndalama (demonetization ya golide); kusintha ngongole ndalama; yopulumutsa kupezeka pamodzi ndi ngongole ya ndalama pepala; kuchuluka kwa si ndalama kufalitsidwa ndalama; issuance wa banknotes mu boma kukongoza lamanja, pansi kasamalidwe ndi kukula kwa golide ndi ndalama nkhokwe; kulimbikitsa boma lamulo la ndalama.

dongosolo la ndalama akhoza umaimiridwa ndi imodzi mwa mitundu yake iwiri. The choyamba - dongosolo la ndalama zachitsulo zochokera ndalama weniweni (zachitsulo golide kapena siliva), imene banknotes kufalitsidwa akhoza umasinthanitsidwa ndalama weniweni. The chachiwiri - dongosolo la pepala-ngongole chithandizo, pamene ndalama weniweni m'malo mwa zizindikiro mtengo ndi chabwino kukhala yekha pepala ndi ngongole njira aziyenda ndi malipiro.

Modern dongosolo ndalama Akuluakulu a ku Russia anayamba kutuluka pambuyo kugwa lapansi. Lero, dongosolo la ndalama ndi ntchito ndalama molingana ndi lamulo Bank ku Central wa 12.04.1995 chaka, zimene anatsimikiza maziko ake malamulo.

The ndalama unit wa ku Russian Federation (ndalama) mu mtima ruble. Chiyambi mayunitsi ena ndalama ndikoletsedwa ndi lamulo. Osati mwalamulo chofunika chiŵerengero pakati pa ruble ndi golide.

The ruble kusinthitsa ndalama ndi ndalama za m'mayiko olemera anapereka Bank ku Central wa ku Russia komanso mwalamulo lofalitsidwa. M'pofunika ntchito yokonza zinthu zachilendo kwa ntchito zachuma wa dzikoli.

Mitundu ya ndalama, ndi mphamvu la Russia - linanena ndi ndalama zitsulo. Amawapatsa chuma cha Bank ku Central, monga nkhokwe za golide, sheya, ndi nkhokwe ya mabungwe ngongole.

Bank ku Central kukangana banknotes zitsanzo. Pa nkhani ya ndalama zatsopano umapezeka atolankhani.

Boma latsopano la Russia kufalitsidwa ndalama (banknotes ndi ndalama) ndipo sanali ndalama (ndalama pa nkhani za mabungwe ngongole).

Monga ruble si zogwirizana ndi golidi, ndi amodzi lonse la mitengo mu Russian Federation palibe. boma mwalamulo chimaika ndi ruble mtengo lonse.

Bank chapakati zonse chuma pogwiritsa ntchito mfundo ndalama pogwiritsa ntchito zida kuti: ndondomeko kuchotsera (kuchotsera mlingo wa chidwi), ndi nkhokwe ponseponse mabungwe ngongole, maopareshoni otsegula msika, mfundo lamulo kwa mabungwe ngongole ndi ena.

Nkhani ya ndalama zatsopano limapezeka pa maziko a chilolezo umuna, amene amapereka ku Central Bank bodi kwa ndalama anakhazikitsa boma.