The Chernobyl NPP tsoka April 26, 1986

April 26, 1986 ... deti limeneli sizidzakumbukiridwa mibadwo ya Ukrainians, Belarusians ndi Russia monga tsiku ndi chaka, pamene panali zoopsa munthu wachititsa ngozi. Pamene zonse izi zinachitika, mwinamwake, ngakhale kwambiri anakumana akatswiri mu zonse komanso sitingathe kudziwa zimene tonsefe kudikira nthawi ina.

Tsoka April 26, 1986 zinachititsa zikwi za imfa ndi nkhalango matenda modzaza, poizoni madzi ndi nthaka, masinthidwe a nyama ndi zomera. Mwa zina, pa mapu a Ukraine anaonekera sate-kilometre kupatulana zone, popita m'gawo limene zimatheka ndi zikalata wapadera ulamuliro.

Nkhaniyi Cholinga osati kuonetsetsa kuti kamodzinso kukumbutsa owerenga zimene zinachitika April 26, 1986, koma yang'anani chimene chinachitika, monga iwo amati, ku mbali zosiyana. Tsopano, zikuoneka kuti palibe chinsinsi chimene mu dziko lero, anthu onse koposa amene ali okonzeka kulipira ndalama zambiri kuti chinachake kupita pa ulendo ku malo awa, ndipo ena mwa anthu akale nkhabe cibodzi pa m'madera ena Nthawi zambiri kubwerera ku mzimu ndi mzimu midzi.

Mwachidule chidule cha zochitika

Pafupifupi zaka 30 zapitazo, ndicho 26 April 1986, lomwe tsopano Ukraine chinachitika ndi yaikulu ngozi nyukiliya ku dziko, zotsatira za zimene akuona dziko ndi nthawi yathu.

Pa magetsi ku Chernobyl chakumene ndi riyakitala nyukiliya wa mphamvu chachinayi unit. Mpweya anali ejected nthawi yomweyo ndalama yaikulu zinthu zakupha nyukiliya.

Tsopano Akuti okha pa miyezi itatu yoyamba, kuyambira April 26, 1986, basi pa malo anthu 31 anafa cheza kukhudzana. Kenako 134 anatumizidwa ku chipatala apadera chithandizo tima matenda dzuwa, ndi 80 kwambiri mu ululu anamwalira ndi matenda a khungu, magazi ndi kapepala kupuma.

Chernobyl nyukiliya magetsi (1986, 26 April ndipo masiku awa), lomwe kuposa kale mu kusowa kwa manja ntchito. The liquidation wa ngozi panafika anthu oposa 600 zikwi, ambiri amene anali asilikali.

Mwina chifukwa yoopsa kwambiri ya ngozi anali kumasulidwa yaikulu mu chilengedwe cha zinthu zakupha nyukiliya, ndicho isotopes wa nyukiliyazo basi, ureniamu, ayodini, cesium, strontium ndi fumbi nyukiliya yokha. Cheza plume osati anaphimba mbali yaikulu ya Soviet Union, komanso kum'mawa kwa Ulaya ndi maiko Masewerera a Nordic, koma ambiri Chernobyl tsoka la April 26 1986 zakhudza Chibelarusi ndi Chiyukireniya SSR.

Pofufuza zimayambitsa ngozi kumafunika akatswiri padziko lonse, koma ngakhale tsopano palibe amadziwa zimene zimayambitsa woona wa nkhaniyi.

M'dera la yogawa

Pambuyo ngozi, kuzungulira Chernobyl anali kudziwa otchedwa "akufa" zone 30 Km. Mazana a midzi zinawonongedwa pafupifupi pansi kapena litakwiliridwa pansi pa matani lapansi mothandizidwa ndi makina lolemera. Ngati tikambirana dera la ulimi, tikhoza kunena kuti Ukraine pa nthawi imene anataya mahekala mamiliyoni asanu a lachonde.

The riyakitala mphamvu chachinayi pamaso analephera anali pafupifupi 190 matani mafuta, 30% amene ali kuphulika kumasulidwa kwa chilengedwe. Komanso, pamene gawo yogwira anakhalabe isotopes zosiyanasiyana nyukiliya anapeza pa ntchito. Iwo, monga akatswiri ndi owopsa.

Oposa 200 000 sq. Km dziko loyandikira unayipitsidwa mwa cheza. cheza woopsa imafalira ngati aerosol pang'onopang'ono yothetsa padziko. Kuipitsa malo pamene kwakukulukulu kudalira pa malangizo mphepo. Kwambiri akumenya mwamphamvu ndi madera amene April 26 1986 ndipo masabata ena otsatira, mvula yowaza.

Ndani chimene chinachitika?

Mu April 1987 ku Chernobyl, anakonza kumva. Mmodzi wa culprits waukulu ngozi ya nyukiliya ku Chernobyl anali anavomereza wotsogolera siteshoni wina B. Bryuhanov amene poyamba ananyalanyaza malamulo chiyambidwe cha chitetezo. Kenako, munthu mwadala understated deta pa mlingo wa poizoni saika mu malo dongosolo la gulu la ogwira ntchito ndi anthu m'dera.

Khrisu kunyalanyaza n'kugwiritsa ntchito zawo boma komanso mu ndondomeko anatsegulidwa April 26, 1986 ndi injiniya mkulu wa Chernobyl Fomin ndi wachiwiri wake A. Dyatlov. Onse anali m'ndende kwa zaka 10 m'ndende.

Kwa zaka zina zisanu adatsutsika mutu wa kosangalatsa kwambiri imene ngoziyi inkachitika (B. Rogozhkin), ndi atatu - Kovalenko, wachiwiri wake, ndipo awiri - Yu Laushkin, boma Woyang'anira Gosatomenergonadzor.

Koyamba zingaoneke kuti ndi wankhanza kwambiri, koma ngati anthu onsewa mosamala kwambiri ntchito pa ntchito yotereyi yowopsa, ngati Chernobyl tsoka April 26, 1986 ndi chodziwikiratu kuti zimachitika.

Chenjezo ndi gulu la anthu

The ntchito Akatswiri limati ngozi, chinthu choyamba ayenera yomweyo atuluke anthu, koma palibe amene anatenga udindo zosankha zofunika. Panthaŵi mwake, miyoyo munthu aliyense amene angakhale mu makumi kapena mazana nthawi ang'onoang'ono.

Zochita kunapezeka kuti anthu tsiku lonse sankadziwa kalikonse za zomwe zinachitika. April 26, 1986 amene anagwirapo chiwembu, munthu akukonzekera mzinda adziwitse May maholide, sukulu ya mkaka ana mumsewu, ndi ophunzira, monga ngati kanthu zinachitika, kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi poyera, iwo ankaganiza kuti mpweya.

Ntchito kuchotsa anthu okha anayamba usiku pamene boma anabwera analangiza kukonzekera kuthawa. April 27 analengeza langizo pa achoke zonse za mudzi, inakonzedwa 14.00.

Popeza Chernobyl tsoka pa April 26 1986 amene analanda nyumba ya zikwi Ukrainians amene anatembenuka wodzichepetsa Kanema m'tauni ya Pripyat mu specter lowopsya la bwinja nyumba, anasiya m'mapaki ndi minda ndi akufa, m'chipululu misewu.

Mantha ndi provocations

Pamene mphekesera woyamba za ngozi, anthu ena anaganiza kuti achoke mu mzindawo yekha. Kale April 26, 1986, ndi theka lachiwiri la tsiku, akazi ambiri mantha ndiponso mosonyeza, kunyamulidwa pa manja a makanda, kwenikweni anathamanga msewu kutali ndi mzinda wawo.

Onse chilichonse, koma amalankhulabe kudzera mwa nkhalango, kuipitsa mlingo umene uli makamaka nthawi zambiri kuposa zizindikiro zonse zomveka. msewu A ... Malinga ndi mboni, phula ❖ kuyanika inawala chachilendo Neon mthunzi, ngakhale kuti anayesetsa zochuluka madzi wothira ena osadziwika yosavuta layman woyera njira.

Ndi zopanda kwambiri kuti zochita lalikulu kupulumutsidwa ndi achoke anali sanatenge nthawi.

Ndipo potsiriza, zaka zingapo zinaonekeratu kuti Union a Soviet ntchito chinsinsi ankadziwa workpiece matani atatu nyama ndi matani khumi a mafuta m'madera amene mwachindunji nakhudza Chernobyl tsoka 26 April 1986. Ngakhale izi, aganiza akonzanso mankhwala nyukiliya, kuwonjezera zigawo ndi oyera iwo. Malinga ndi chigamulo chimenechi, nyama nyukiliya ndi batala anali razvezeno mphero yambiri ya dziko.

KGB ankadziwanso kuti pomanga Chernobyl ntchito zida zosalongosoka ku Yugoslavia, ndipo ankadziwa bwino zosiyanasiyana zolephera mu kamangidwe ka siteshoni, ndi mtolo wa maziko ndi kukhalapo kwa ming'alu m'makoma ...

ndi zimene zachitika? Kuyesa kupewa chisoni ngakhale wamkulu

Pafupifupi theka la usiku wachiwiri m'tauni ya Chernobyl (1986, April 26) ku dipatimenti yoona za moto analandira lipoti la moto. The ntchito alonda anasiya foni ndipo pasanapite nthawi transmits moto wa chizindikiro cha kapangidwe mkulu.

Atangofika, gulu lapadera anaona kuti denga la moto makina chipinda chachikulu riyakitala holo. Mwa njira, kwa tsiku, inapeza kuti mwa kuika oipa moto anyamata akuchita chimodzimodzi riyakitala holo chovuta kugunda.

koloko 6 okha m'mawa moto suzimitsidwa kwathunthu.

Cacikulu, magalimoto 14 ndi antchito 69 ankagwira. Kuyambira ovololo anthu kuti akachite zinthu ntchito zinthu zofunika, ife tinali chabe chinsalu ovololo, chisoti ndi magolovesi. Amuna kuzimitsa moto popanda masks, monga ntchito mwa iwo anali sangathe pa kutentha.

Kale koloko m'mawa anali woyamba anakhudzidwa ndi cheza cha. Anthu anayamba kusanza ndi kufooka ambiri, komanso anaona otchedwa "nyukiliya Satana." Akuti ena ndi magolovesi kuchotsedwa ndi khungu lanu.

Akusowa firefighters ndachita zonse zotheka kuteteza moto kufika unit lachitatu m'tsogolo. Ndodo chinkhoswe mu siteshoni chomwecho, wozimitsa magwero m zipinda zosiyana, ndipo siteshoni watenga miyeso zonse zofunika popewa kuphulika wa hydrogen. Zimenezi zinathandiza kuti alepheretse kuposa opangidwa tsoka.

zotsatira Tizilombo kwa anthu onse

Ionizing cheza ali ndi zotsatira zimawononga kwachilengedwenso anakumana ndi zamoyo zonse.

Radiative umuna kutsogolera kuwonongedwa kwa nkhani zamoyo masinthidwe, nyumba limba minofu kusintha. walitsa koteroko kumalimbikitsa chitukuko cha mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya matenda a khansa, matenda poizoni kusokoneza ntchito yofunika thupi, kusintha ndi azingokhala DNA ndi zotsatira mu imfa.

Mzimu Muluwani Pripyat

Lotsatira patatha zaka zochepa tsoka opangidwa mudziwo chidwi zamitundu yosiyanasiyana akatswiri. Iwo massively kuno, kuyesera kuyeza ndi kutanthauzira mlingo wa maziko cheza zakhudzana malo.

Komabe, mu 90s lapansi. Pripyat anayamba kukopa tcheru kwambiri kwa asayansi chidwi kusintha chilengedwe chilengedwe, komanso nkhani ya kusintha kwa malo achilengedwe a mzinda, kwathunthu opanda kukopa anthu.

Chiyukireniya malo ambiri kafukufuku ikuchitika ndi ziyenera kusintha kwa nyama ndi zomera.

Stalkers Chernobyl zone

Choyamba ndi Dziwani kuti stalkers anaitana anthu ndi mbedza kapena ndi wakuba kudutsa mu oletsedwa. Chernobyl komanso okonda masewera kwambiri anawagawa m'magulu awiri, amene amasiyana maonekedwe awo, ntchito slang, zithunzi ndi malipoti anakonza. The choyamba - chidwi, wachiwiri - maganizo.

Gwirizanani, tsopano pa TV ndi n'zotheka kupeza zambiri pa nkhaniyi: "Chernobyl. 1986. April 26 ". stalkers chidwi kuchokera apo ndipo anatenga chidziwitso chawo za zone cheza. A mbali yofunika ankagwiritsidwanso ntchito ndi a pakompyuta. Anthu aang'ono awa, amene avereji ndi kawirikawiri zaka zoposa 20, nthawi zambiri yekha atagonjetsa zoni kupatulana, koma musati kuwoloka malire yokha Chernobyl. Ndiko kumene ulendo ikutha.

Gulu lachiwiri - wapadera maganizo stalkers. Iwo mapeto, osati mu zone 30 kilometre, koma 10 kilometre, ndikuti adzakhalamo kwa masiku angapo. Ndi zovuta kuti afotokoze chomwe chimamulimbikitsa anthu monga choncho, koma zikuoneka kuti njira yawo akuti. zolondola zokhudza zimene kukula kwa gulu ili la stalkers, ayi, koma kwa ziwerengero zoyerekeza wa zosaposa 20, ndi "masewero" ndi apamwamba kwambiri.

okhala yamakono ya Chernobyl

A mbali yofunika kwambiri anthu anasamutsidwa, ngakhale chiletso ndi ufulu nthawi zina kenako anabwerera. Pakati pa anthu zikwi zana mwabwerera kunyumba zimagulitsidwa m'ma 1200, koma ndi 2007 panali 314. yekha Itanani iwo ankakhala. Monga ulamuliro, anthu akuluakulu, ndiponso chifukwa chachikulu kuchepetsa lakuthwa mu chiwerengero chawo ankaona kuti zakubadwa. Kodi n'chiyani chinachititsa anthu kuti abwerere kwa nyumba zawo zakhudzana ndi cheza? The zifukwa kwa chigamulocho. chaukali mavuto azachuma mu dziko, kugwa ndalama ya anthu ndiponso safuna kutaya nyumba zawo.

Tsoka winanso wa amagetsi

Pambuyo ngozi mu April 1986, ntchito zonse nyukiliya anaimitsidwa, koma October, pambuyo yomanga sarcophagus ndi ikuchitika kukonza ntchito, mayunitsi awiri ntchito, ndipo mu December 1987 linakhazikitsa lachitatu.

Mu 1995, a Ukraine, European Union ndi m'mayiko Gulu la Zisanu ndi zinasaina memorandum imene pulogalamu anayamba kutsekedwa wodzala Chernobyl mphamvu za nyukiliya chomera ankayenera kuti chaka cha 2000. Mu December 2000, chipika lachitatu la Chernobyl potsiriza ndinayima.

Pakali pano, ndi sarcophagus anamangidwira pa siteshoni woyaka wagawo, pang'ono ndi pang'ono kuwonongedwa. EBRD mu 2004 Choncho ikuchitika wachifundo kwa ntchito yomanga malo ogona atsopano, ankamukonda French olowa ankapitabe mu 2007.

Mu 2015, ku Chernobyl mphamvu za nyukiliya mbewu kwandithandiza unatha ntchito zake.