Soviet keke - kukoma, anapatsidwa GOST. Maphikidwe mikate Soviet

Ambiri a ife kukumbukira zimene ndiwo zochuluka mchere zokoma munali mwana. Makamaka lowoneka chakudya chokoma anali keke Soviet. Zimenezi n'zosadabwitsa, chifukwa mitanda onse anali okonzeka ku mankhwala achilengedwe ndipo ndi zochepa alumali moyo, mosiyana ndi mankhwala amakono. M'nkhani ino tikufuna kukumbukira Soviet maphikidwe mikate, mwina munthu afuna kuphika ndiwo zochuluka mchere zokoma kuyambira ali kunyumba.

A pang'ono mbiri ...

Mbiriyakale, izo mu Russian khitchini anali pafupifupi palibe mikate. Koma pansi ndiwo zochuluka mchere anazindikira mousses, jellies, puddings, maapulo wophikidwa ndi croutons, zikondamoyo ndi mapayi ndi zipatso zam'chitini. Mu cookbooks akale palibe Chinsinsi mkate, koma kuti mungapeze ndiwo zochuluka mchere kwa pastry ndi tchizi. Soviet mkate anabwera zakudya nzika wathu mu makumi asanu Mu zaka zapitazo.

Kaso mchere mofulumira kwambiri chibwenzi ndi anthu. Ndipo mu theka lachiwiri la makumi asanu ndi Soviet keke anali chikhumbo chachikulu cha tebulo holideyo. The ndiwo zochuluka mchere wotchuka ndi "Cornucopia", "Napoleon", "nthano", "Kiev" ndi ena ambiri.

Maphikidwe mikate Soviet pa nthawi ovomerezeka Minpischepromom okha zosakaniza zachilengedwe ntchito yokonza awo. Kuti ndalama yekha zokoma rosettes mafuta zokongoletsa yomalizidwa Confectionery! Soviet mkate chinachake chapadera, ndi zolimbikitsa mchere. Mosiyana ndi mankhwala panopa, mikate onse anali amazipanga zokoma ndi atsimikize. Akatswiri amanena Chinsinsi 142, chimene dipatimenti onse a dziko lalikulu ndipo anavomereza m'nyengo Soviet.

Keke "Kiev": mbiri ya yatsoka

Kukumbukira mikate lodziwika bwino Soviet Union, kamodzi m'pofunika kulabadira ambiri ankakonda "Kiev". Mu 1956, Nadezhda Chernogor ndi Konstantin Petrenko (antchito a wotchuka Confectionery Kiev fakitale ya Karla Marksa) analenga mwaluso kwenikweni, amene anadzatchedwa "Kyiv". Vietnam inkakhala mikate mlengalenga mtedza, amene ntchito ku mitundu isanu ya mtedza. Pakuti yokonza thovu mapuloteni atengedwa. Cha m'ma zaka zao za sikisite Minpischepromom USSR keke Chinsinsi anali naye. Izo poyamba zinali zochokera ntchito mtedza cashew, koma mtedza imeneyi zinali zofuna ndalama zambiri ndithu, kotero patapita m'malo ndi hazelnuts, ndipo kenako mtedza.

Kuti akonze "Kiev" keke ntchito dzira kirimu (more imadziwika monga Charlotte kirimu). Koma mu zaka 70 kuti linasintha ndi poterera-kwamafuta. kirimu Izi kunatheka ndi katundu. "Kiev" Soviet mkate wakhala nthano nthawi yake. Iye anali wokondedwa ndi onse ndi otchuka kuti woyendayenda onse ndipo anayendetsa wa kwao ku Kiev ndendende mchere izi.

Zosakaniza kuti "Kiev" keke

Monga ife Akutchulidwa, maphikidwe a mikate Soviet Union zochokera ntchito mankhwala achilengedwe. Inde, nthawi yathu kuphika mchere adzakhala wapatali, koma tikufuna Baibulo tingachipeze powerenga za Chinsinsi. Choncho, ntchito yokonza chofufumitsa, tiyenera:

1. Dzira azungu - 200 ga (pafupifupi dzira mapuloteni).
2. Phukusi la shuga vanila.
3. Cashew - '55
4. Shuga - 235 ga
5. Ufa - '55

Pakuti zonona:

1. Batala - 255 ga
2. Shuga - 225 ga
3. Dzira.
4. Mkaka - 150 ga
5. koko ufa - 10 ga
6. Phukusi la shuga vanila.
7. Konyaki - supuni 2. L.

Yokongola, inu mukhoza kutenga ochepa zipatso candied.

"Kiev" keke: tingachipeze powerenga Chinsinsi (Union nyengo)

Kuphika mchere ayenera kuyamba ndi chotupitsa cha dzira azungu. Iwo ayenera kuchoka mu malo otentha kwa tsiku. Tsiku lotsatira okonzeka mapuloteni kugwedeza mu thovu wandiweyani, musaiwale kuwonjezera magalamu 50 shuga ndi vanila. onse zosakaniza ayenera isanduke Unyinji wandiweyani kwambiri. Komanso ufa Kusakaniza ndi mtedza cashew (iwo akhoza m'malo ndi hazelnuts mtengo kapena mtedza), kuwonjezera magalamu 185 a shuga. The osakaniza chifukwa pang'onopang'ono anayamba anamenyedwa dzira azungu ndi modekha kusakaniza popanga. Unyinji ayenera kugawidwa mu magawo awiri ndi kuika mu mawonekedwe awiri, kumene kuli wothira mafuta zikopa. Chotupitsa ndi anaphika pa madigiri 150 kwa maola awiri. Iwo ayenera kukonzekera nthawi yomweyo, ngati kukula uvuni salola kutero, m'pofunika akonze mtanda aliyense keke. Pa kuphika Mulimonsemo angatsegulenso uvuni, ndi chotsirizidwa ayenera kugula kirimu mthunzi. Chotupitsa ayenera kusiyidwa mu zikopa kwa tsiku, kotero iwo utakhazikika pansi kwathunthu ndi wamphamvu.

Kuti akonze kirimu Charlotte ayenera yophika mkaka, shuga ndi mazira madzi. Ndiye kuupereka kwa kuziziritsa. Ndiye - mu chikhalidwe ozizira - iwo kulowa batala chisanadze kukwapulidwa. Pamene misa imeneyi n'kofunika nthawi zonse kusakaniza. Kale pang'ono kuwonjezera kirimu vanila shuga ndi burande, ndi whisk kachiwiri.

Kenako, misa chifukwa ndi detachable ku magalamu 200 ndi kuwonjezera koko ufa, inatuluka whisk zigawo zikuluzikulu.

Icho tsopano kokha kusonkhanitsa keke. Pa zikopa lolembedwa kuika mkate ndi kirimu lubricates chivundikiro ake pamwamba ndi Korzh wachiwiri ndipo amachititsa ngakhale wosanjikiza a kirimu. Chocolate misa lubricates mbali mchere. Ngati muli ndi crumb zotsala ku makeke, ndiye iwo akhoza kuwaza pamwamba mbali. Pamwamba pa mkate ndi kirimu ndi kukongoletsa ndi zipatso candied.

"Nkhuku mkaka": mbiriyakale

Poganizira mikate tingachipeze powerenga Soviet Union, ndithudi kutchula "mkaka Nkhuku" ofunika. Mu 1978, gulu lonse la confectioners, kutsogozedwa ndi mutu wa ulimi wa wotchuka Moscow odyera "Prague" V. M. Guralnikom Chinsinsi mkate lodabwitsali analengedwa. Vietnam Chinsinsi msanga anagulitsidwa kwa Confectionery zina ndi odyera, koma zokoma kwambiri iye anali chabe mu "Prague". Chiyambireni cha Mipingo pamodzi Arbat tsiku ima pamzere wa ogula amene akufuna kugula mkate. Ndipotu iye anali ofunika. Woonda mpweya chinkhupule mkate ndi souffle ndi chokoleti wakhala amazipanga wotchuka. Ngati pachiyambi cha shopu anakonza tsiku okwana mikate 60, posachedwapa kupanga kuchuluka kwa 500. The Chinsinsi chomwecho yokha msanga anagulitsa m'dzikolo kudzera Mosrestorantrest.

Ngati ena mikate nyengo Soviet si zovuta kuphika kunyumba, inu kwenikweni kusewera "Nkhuku mkaka" si kophweka. Kukonzekera mosamala souffle - kovuta.

Zosakaniza kwa Keke "Nkhuku mkaka"

Chinsinsi zofunika kwambiri kukonzekera mkate ndi ntchito Hagara-Hagara, amene sakhoza m'malo ndi chilichonse. Nkofunika kudziwa kuti Hagara-Hagara angakhale osiyana. Iye kusungunuka kwathunthu kuwira, koma pa madigiri 120 mofulumira wotaya gelling katundu. Popeza n'kovuta kwambiri ntchito, kotero ngati keke akhoza kukonzekera weniweni pastry ophika.

The mankhwala zotsatirazi zidzafunika kwa keke:

1. Ufa - 145 ga
2. shuga 100g
3. Batala - 105 ga
4. mazira awiri.

Pakuti soufflé ndi:

1. Awiri dzira azungu.
2. Shuga - 460
3. Paketi batala.
4. Hagara -agar - 2 tsp .. (4 magalamu).
5. Vanillin.
6. Zachepetsedwa mkaka - 100 ga

Yokongola:

1. Chocolate - '75
2. Batala - '55

Chinsinsi "Nkhuku mkaka"

Poyamba, ngongole kuphika mikate. Kumenya shuga ndi mafuta ndi kuwonjezera mazira mmodzi pa nthawi, izo sasiya kumenya misa. Kenaka yikani ufa ndi uukande. Unyinji chifukwa ndi kupaka pa zikopa mu mawonekedwe a magulu awiri. Kuphika mikate kwa mphindi khumi pa madigiri 230. Ngati iwo pang'ono waukulu kwambiri, m'pofunika kutengulira iwo ndi kuvala yunifolomu, pamene iwo ali otentha. Mikate kuti ukhale pansi mu zikopa, ndipo patapita kuti pepala akhoza kuchotsedwa.

Ndiye inu mukhoza kupita mu yokonza souffle lapansi. Thirani mu magalamu 150 poto wa madzi ndi kuchiika mu Hagara-Hagara, kusiya kwa maola angapo kuti pathupi. Batala kwa firiji ndi kofunika kupeza ola pamaso kuphika madzi. Nthawi yoikidwiratu ayenera kukhala firiji. Dzira azungu M'malo mwake, ayenera utakhazikika, kotero awo analipo kutumiza mu firiji.

Kutenga kugawanika nkhungu nachiyika pansi pa zikopa, ndipo izo - mkate wokha.

Pa mphika yaing'ono moto ndi kutupa Hagara-Hagara, komabe kusokoneza timabweletsa kulemera kwa otentha, ndi wiritsani kwa mphindi imodzi mpaka kuvunda wathunthu. Yankho unatsanuliridwa shuga ndi kubweretsa kwa chithupsa, osati ndikuiwala kusonkhezera. Nthawi imeneyi, monga shuga kwathunthu kusungunuka ndipo akuyamba swirling, moto ayenera iyimitsidwe, chifukwa madzi ali okonzeka. Tsopano ali kuti ukhale pansi.

Batala anasintha ndipo kuwonjezera vanillin Zachepetsedwa mkaka, whisk zigawo zikuluzikulu ntchito chosakanizira mpaka misa fluffy.

Mu osiyana mapuloteni chotengera whisk (m'firiji) mpaka thovu wandiweyani. Kenaka yikani citric acid ndi kukonzanso ankakonda kutenga litchowa. Unyinji chifukwa ayenera kugwira bwino pa felemu lija. Popanda moona whisk, pang'onopang'ono kutsanulira madzi mu mapuloteni. Tiyenera kupeza wandiweyani ndi wandiweyani thovu. Kenako pa liwiro wotsikitsitsa, kumenya batala ndi condensed mapuloteni mkaka. Pano pali souffle wathu ndi wokonzeka. Mu okonzeka mawonekedwe kufala theka la kulemera kuvala pamwamba keke chachiwiri ndi ife kuika wina souffle wosanjikiza. keke chinayandama ngalawa mu firiji kwa maola atatu.

Classic mikate Soviet "Nkhuku mkaka" pamwamba chokongoletsedwa ndi chokoleti mdima. Choncho, ife sasiya Chinsinsi. Chocolate ayenera kuti anasinthanso maganizo ndi batala (makamaka mu madzi osamba), pamene iye anali wamng'ono ozizira, nachiyika pa pamwamba keke. Vietnam wokonzeka.

History "Napoleon"

Soviet mkate "Napoleon" akadali amazipanga wotchuka. Izi confection kale kwambiri. Pali nthano zambiri monga chiyambi chake. Uti wa awa ali woona, ndi kovuta kunena. Amakhulupirira kuti mbiri ya mkate inayamba mu 1912, pa tsiku la centennial za kupambana mtsogoleri wa asilikali a Napoleon Bonaparte. Ndi tsiku lokumbukira kubadwa kwa anali anapima mpikisano pakati confectioners, amene yophika mitundu yonse ya ndiwo zochuluka mchere.

Aliyense ankafuna kudabwa Mfumu Nicholas II. Chidwi kwambiri umalakalaka keke anapanga pamaziko a custard lapansi. Confectioner anagawa nyema triangular okongoletsedwa ndi kukwapulidwa kirimu. makekewo anali amazipanga ofanana ndi chipewa cocked wa Napoleon. Malinga ndi nthano, pambuyo mchere ankatchedwa "Napoleon". Pa nthawi mchere Chinsinsi anafalikira m'dziko Russia ndipo wakhala amazipanga wotchuka.

Mankhwala "Napoleon"

Kuti akonze mkate "Napoleon" wa Soviet Union, tiyenera zigawo zikuluzikulu izi:

1. Ufa - 455
2. Mafuta - 420 ga
3. Sol - zaka 4
4. dzira limodzi.
5. Shuga - 100 ga
6. Madzi 160 ga
7. Limodzi gram wa citric acid.
8. Limodzi dzira yolk.
9. Mkaka - 70 ga
10. Phukusi la shuga vanila.
11. Supuni burande.
12. Supuni ufa shuga.

Keke "Napoleon": Soviet Chinsinsi

Classic keke Chinsinsi pa kirimu mafuta limapangidwa magawo anayi:

1. Kupanga katundu ndi anagubuduza mtanda.
2. mikate kuphika.
3. Charlotte kuphika kirimu.
4. Kusonkhana mchere.

Pofuna wosalira yokonza mkate, mukhoza kugula okonzeka zopangidwa kuwomba pastry mu shopu. Komabe, kukoma mchere adzakhala osiyana kwambiri. Napoleon keke Chinsinsi (Soviet-nyengo) akadali zikutanthauza wodziimira mayeso kukonzekera. Pankhaniyi, kumene kudzakhale kumaliza mchere likukhalira amazipanga zokoma. Wosalira ntchito mtanda ndi zonona angathe kukonzekera mu masiku osiyana.

kusakaniza magalamu 400 ufa ndi mchere mtanda. Mu asidi madzi kuwonjezera citric, akuyambitsa ndi kutsanulira njira yothetsera mu ufa, kuwonjezera mazira ndi uukande. Mu mawonekedwe yomalizidwa sayenera n'kudziphatika kwa manja, koma pa nthawi yomweyo ayenera kukhala ofewa ndi ofewa. Kenako pa theka la ora mtanda mu firiji.

Nthawiyi, m'mbale osiyana kusema mafuta magawo, kuwonjezera ufa wochepa (magalamu 20), ndi whisk mpaka yosalala. Pa tebulo mungathe kuyika Manga pulasitiki ndi kupatsira ake misa mafuta, kuwapatsa iwo mawonekedwe lalikulu kutalika palibe masentimita oposa awiri. Komanso pafupi kuchotsa mafuta mu firiji kwa mphindi makumi atatu. Kulemera ayenera sinafalikire.

Tsopano mukhoza kuyamba ndondomeko anagubuduza kunja mtanda. Kwa gulu ili floured ndi kupanga likulu la emvulopuyo. Kuika mafuta m'menemo (imene ife kale kuika mu firiji) ndi kutseka mayeso. Kenako, utakhazikika anagubuduza pini falitsani uniformly mu misa wosanjikiza, ndi makulidwe a amene ayenera kukhala osachepera centimeter wina. Keke chifukwa ndi apangidwe mu theka, kutseka filimu chombo kachiwiri mu firiji. ola theka ife akunenanso mapangidwe pastry flaky, kenako zimitsani m'mbali kuti pakati ndi kutumiza ozizira. Mwambo ayenera kanayi kwambiri. The anamaliza mtanda akhoza adzaikidwa kwa masiku angapo mu firiji mpaka nthawi pamene mwaganiza kuphika mikate.

Mbali ovuta kwambiri chatha, tsopano tiyenera kupita mu ndondomeko kuphika. Maufulu ake ndi kupanga pepala kuphika, ndi chisanadze konzekera uvuni digiri 220. Mtanda ndi adagulung'undisa mu zigawo zosiyana, ndipo millimeters asanu wandiweyani. Mkate uliwonse kuphika pafupifupi theka la ola. Kuphika ayenera kukhala ozizira.

Inu tsopano mukhoza chitani yokonza Charlotte kirimu. M'pofunika kuchepetsa mafuta pasadakhale ndiponso mkaka firiji, kotero kuti amakhala ndi nthawi konzekera kwa firiji. Kumenya magalamu 70 mkaka ndi osakaniza dzira yolk ndi umasefedweramo cheesecloth. Kenako, kuwonjezera magalamu zana a shuga ndi vanila, kuika mphika pa moto wochepa ndi kuphika, oyambitsa zonse. misa ayenera kwa chithupsa angapo Mphindi madzi kupeza kugwirizana Zachepetsedwa mkaka. Pambuyo pake, zimitsani moto ndi kutsanulira nkhani mu mbale wina, kupereka ozizira.

Dulani batala mu zidutswa ndi kuyamba whisk, mpaka zobiriwira. Kenaka yikani madzi (firiji) ndi kupitiriza kumenyedwa. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, tiyenera kupeza kirimu zobiriwira. Iwo akhoza kuwonjezeredwa kukoma burande. kirimu mafuta wokonzeka Charlotte.

Tsopano inu mukhoza kuyamba kusonkhana keke. Ikani keke pa thireyi ndi wogawana odula ndi kirimu wake. Top chivundikirocho ndi Korzh latsopano ndi modekha amayikanikiza dzanja lake kuika misa poterera. Mu njira yomweyo ife chitani ndi zigawo zonse. Pamwamba pa keke, kawirikawiri chokongoletsedwa ndi nyenyeswa kuchokera nyenyeswa za chofufumitsa ndi ufa shuga. Apa ndi wokonzeka mkate wathu "Napoleon". Chinsinsi (powerenga) goodies Soviet monga momwe mukuonera, si kophweka, chifukwa kwambiri za nthawi zimatengera kukonzekera pastry izi. Koma zotsatira kuposa zonse zimene timayembekezera.

m'malo epilogue ndi

Pakati mikate Soviet anali amazipanga wotchuka "Prague", "Mphatso", "Leningrad", "Enchantress" ndi ena ambiri ... Mwatsoka, mu chimango cha Nkhani n'zosatheka kufotokoza mikate onse Soviet Union. Tikukhulupirira kuti maphikidwe izi ndi chidwi amayi ndi zophikira kubwezeretsanso Piggy mabanki awo.