Buddha - ndani izi? Gautama Buddha

M'zaka zapitazi, dziko lathu kutsitsimuka chidwi ndi chipembedzo. Anthu pofuna kumvetsa tanthauzo la moyo ndi kupeza mayankho a mafunso okhudza mmene kukwaniritsa mogwirizana ndi kuchotsa mavuto, potembenukiranso zawo osati Chikhristu monga chikhulupiriro chachikulu makolo mu dziko lathu, komanso choonadi wanzeru wakale wa East. chipembedzo china Chibuda.

Chiphunzitso cha chikumbumtima

Chibuda monga chiphunzitso zachinyengo, chipembedzo, nzeru , ndi mwambo chikhalidwe anabadwa cha m'ma BC chimodzi mu kumpoto cha akale chitukuko Indian. Chibuda anadzakhala mmodzi mwa anthu atatu zipembedzo dziko, pamodzi ndi kristu ndi m'Chisilamunso, ndipo ndi wamkulu wa iwo.

Chikhristu anadza pambuyo pake kwa zaka zoposa zisanu ndi Islam - khumi. Chibuda anazindikira mwa anthu osiyanasiyana a dziko ndi chipembedzo chachikulu cha mayiko ambiri a Kum'mawa: China, India, Nepal, Japan, Thailand, Korea, Mongolia ndi ena. Mu dziko lathu, otsatira ake ndi anthu a Kalmykia, Buryatia ndi Tuva. Koposa otsatira chiphunzitso ichi mu West, kukopa osati kwa zosowa zake, komanso kuthekera chitukuko cha matalente angati chobisika chimene munthu aliyense ali.

Chibuda limanenedwa osati chipembedzo komanso chiphunzitso nthanthi ya kudzutsidwa ndi kumasulidwa kwa chikumbumtima, amuululire zinthu zauzimu. Idamangidwa ndi Shakyamuni Buddha, amene amadziwika kuti zonse monga Indian kalonga Siddhartha Gautama.

zachilendo Prince

Lomwe tsopano Nepal ndi mzinda wakale wa Lumbini, amene BC anali mmodzi wa maiko Indian. Mwina 563 BC, iwo unali kuno kuti anabadwa mu banja lachifumu Prince Gautama, amene analandira mpando wachifumu anali kupita-Raja bambo. Koma ngakhale kuti Prince ayi ofunika ndi moyo wa mwanaalirenji, iye ndinkangokhala ndi kusakhutira mkati mavuto awo. Iye umasinthasintha ankachita maloto osamveka ndipo tsiku maloto, ine ndikanakhoza kukhala kwa maola mu mthunzi wa mitengo, kuganiza thandauzo la moyo. Pamene kumizidwa amalingalira kwambiri kukamuona mphindi zodabwitsa lithandize kutsitsimuka.

Raju chinali chikhalidwe zedi mwana, ndipo iye anali kuyesera kumuteteza ku chidziwitso cha mavuto a anthu ndi a malangizo achipembedzo. Koma ngakhale pa kubadwa kwa Prince mmodzi wa predictors ndi ananenera kuti Gautama akhale wolamulira wamkulu kapena woyera. Anayesetsa kwambiri ya bambo ake, umalimbana ankafuna mwana wa mfumu, kalonga linakonzedwa Njira yachiwiri - amuululire zinthu zauzimu. Ndipo kupeza vuto lina kumene kunachitika ndi Gautam koyenda.

choonadi cha moyo

Malinga ndi nthano, kalonga ankafuna kudziwa zambiri za moyo wa anthu wamba, ndipo iye anapita kunja kwa nyumba. Kumeneko anakumana ndi chimodzi mwa munthu mmodzi wodwala, ndi yotheratu nkhalamba, maliro ndi akuyendayenda kudzipatula. Pokambirana ndi mnyamata, ndipo iye anakumana ndi anthu, anazindikira kuti matenda, ukalamba, kuvutika ndi imfa mosalephera, ndipo anthu anakhulupirira. Gautama anazindikira kuti sangalamulire tsogolo lawo, ndi chifukwa kuti ngakhale zosangalatsa wolemera kuwasandutsa fumbi, ndi moyo ulibe tanthauzo. Kuyambira wakhala linasiiratu kupanda mantha ubwana wake ndi unyamata, ndipo moyo mu mawonekedwe chakhala zosavomerezeka kwa iye. Atakhudzidwa ndi kunyansidwa chifukwa chilichonse padziko lonse, anaganiza kusiya cholowa, banja, chuma, ndi kunyumba, wansembe, kupereka moyo wake kuphunzira mmene kuchotsa mavuto ndi kuwalaka.

Njira kudzutsidwa

Mu zaka 29, tsopano kale Prince anayamba kuphunzira onse odziwika mu nzeru East ndi yogic mchitidwe kusinkhasinkha kukhala wophunzira wa Yogi akuthandizeni. Iye anali wokhoza kukwaniritsa mkulu mlingo wa manyazi, koma iye sanali wokhutitsidwa ndi ichi, chifukwa anazunza nkhani mavuto a moyo wa mavuto ndi sankaloledwa.

Choncho anaganiza kusiya akuthandizeni wake ndi kupuma ku nkhalango ya kum'mwera kum'mawa India mwa aakulu kudziletsa wozunzikirapo. Kukhala kudzipatula ndi kutenga wowuma mtima wokonda moyo wodzimana moyo, zaka sikisi, anapeza kuti njira zimenezi ndi thupi yotopetsa ndi mtambo malingaliro, osati pafupi choonadi yomenyera akuvutika.

Ndiye Gautama maganizo awo pa akuya kusinkhasinkha ndi kukhala mmenemo, ndi kuti mufunika kupewa kuchita zinthu monyanyira ndi kupewa kudzipatsa wozunzikirapo kapena kwambiri obwera nokha, ndi pakati njira. Anakhala pansi jambu mtengo, amene anadzatchedwa mtengo Bodhi, anapatsa mawu ake, sadzauka ndi kutuluka ya kusinkhasinkha, komabe samabwera kwa choonadi.

kudzutsidwa

May lina usiku mu mwezi wathunthu Gautama poganizira kotulukira nyenyezi ya mmawa, adafikira lithandize zonse. Pa nthawi imene, potsiriza, choonadi anabwera kwa iye mu ulemerero wake onse, anakwanitsa kudzutsidwa ndi kumasula maganizo ake. Anaumba Prince Gautama anakhala Buddha. "Buddha" - ali "akuwuka," "kwathunthu ŵakusanga".

Pa nthawi ya Gautama lithandize osati anaona ndi zapadera momveka za moyo wake wonse, koma analinso kugwirizana chilengedwe anthu onse ndi dziko losawoneka. Chilengedwe anakaonekera maso ake, mwa mphamvu yake ndi osawerengeka. Kupuma kulikonse. Chirichonse adatengedwa mu mtunda zosadziwika. Chirichonse mu dziko chikugwirizana ndi nkhani imodzi mwa nkhani zina zimachitika. anthu onse anawonongedwa ndi kubadwanso kachiwiri. Ludzu kukhala ndi moyo yosemphana ndi mtendere mu moyo wake n'kupita naye pa njira ya mavuto - tsopano bwino amadziwa zimenezi. Gautama Buddha tsopano anadziwa ankavutika kwambiri kuti apeze mtendere ndi tichotse mfundo imeneyi zoopsa ndipo dziko ungwiro mavuto ambiri, misozi, chisoni ndi ululu.

Chiwalitsiro ndi kubadwa kwa chiphunzitso

Kuona chilengedwe kuwala kwake woona, ndipo anabwera kuchokera ku mdima wa umbuli, Gautam anamaliza kufufuza choonadi ndi kufika kusandulika wauzimu. Iye anasintha ndipo analandira nzeru kwambiri ndi chifundo zamoyo zonse. Kenako ophunzira ake, iye anati chifundo - khalidwe chofunika, umene uyenera kudzutsidwa woona - Buddha. katundu wenewu kumvetsa maganizo ŵakusanga pang'ono zilipo moyo, akuyendayenda mu mdima.

Kusintha mkati, Buddha anazindikira kuti ntchito yake ndi osati kusangalala ndi zipatso choonadi, komanso kuti anthu kutsegula choonadi kwambiri. Ichi chinali chifukwa chachikulu kwa chilengedwe cha ziphunzitso zake. Bukuli lili ndi zoona kuti moyo - akuvutika. The Buddha analozera zifukwa zazikulu ungwiro lino. Iye anati kwa yomenyera zonse zofunika mavuto tipeze kuunika ndi Atauka kutsitsimuka. Njira zofunika upliftment wauzimu ndi kumasulidwa ku zowawa - njira nirvana. Nirvana - pa mulingo wapamwamba choonadi ndi mtendere, omwe anali kukwaniritsa Buddha. Iye anati, lilipo aliyense wamoyo, aliyense ayenera kuyesetsa ngati kumasulidwa. Choncho, mkulu wakale analenga chiphunzitso cha mfundo zinayi wolemekezeka ndi njira eightfold kukwaniritsa limati apamwamba kutsitsimuka.

mlaliki

Anthu ambiri osadziwa amakhulupirira kuti Buddha - ndi mulungu. Koma iye anakana, nanena kuti ndi Mlangizi okhawo amene asankha kudutsa kuti tipeze kuunika ndi kudzutsa. Pamaso Gautama yekha anayenera kusankha iye adzasangalala kumasulidwa ake kapena utumiki wawo kwa anthu. "Chifundo - limodzi mwa makhalidwe ofunika kwambiri", - anati Buddha. Ichi chinali chinthu zoopsa kuti kutsogolera moyo wam'tsogolo monga mlaliki woyendayenda. Iye anatenga ntchito yake - kuti abweretse kwa anthu chiphunzitso cha chipulumutso mavuto.

Patangotha zaka 45, woyamba Indian kudzutsidwa Buddha anapita kuzungulira dziko, posamutsa chitsanzo chawo anthu ambiri magulu osiyanasiyana ndi mitundu. kuphunzitsa kwake kunali aliyense, ngakhale kuti otsatira a zipembedzo zina ndi nzeru. Kusunga ziphunzitso za Buddha ndi otsatira ake analenga dera kumene kumakhala Amonke, omwe anagwirizana zikwi otembenuka.

Kwa zaka zambiri, ziphunzitso za Gautama sanataye kufunika kwake. Komanso alipo m'dziko la mavuto, matenda, umphawi, imfa ndi misozi. Komanso, anthu kufunafuna njira yomenyera kusakondwa ndi mavuto ndi kupeza kumacheza ndi chikhulupiriro. Ambiri ndi kutembenukira kwa Chibuda monga chipembedzo, akulozera njira asintha moyo. Ndipo iwo onse atakhala chidziwitso cha madera a chikumbumtima kuti amatha kumvetsa Buddha. Nzeru za anthu, ichi ndi cholinga chachikulu cha kumvetsa zinsinsi za tanthauzo la moyo ndi Kuwulura mafunso zikuluzikulu m'moyo.