Rural ndi m'tawuni anthu Russia: kalembera deta. anthu a Crimea

Pafupifupi mamiliyoni 147 anthu - kuti anthu ambiri amakhala Russia lero. Ndi angati a iwo amakhala akazi, amuna, ana ndi akuluakulu? Mtundu ndi ochuluka kwambiri mu dziko? ndi makhalidwe a anthu osiyana m'midzi ndi m'matauni a Russia chiyani? Tiyeni yesani kuyankha mafunso onsewa.

Chiwerengero cha Russia: pang'ono kanjedza youma

Russian Federation - dziko oyamba padziko lonse lapansi pa malo ndi chinayi - mu mawu alionse. Waukulu zaziwerengero zizindikiro za boma (as a 2016):

• 146 544 710 - anthu Russia (1 January 2016);
• 1,77 - Total mtengo chonde (2015);
• 18 538 - ponso anthu a m'dzikolo miyezi 11 2016;
• anthu 8,57 / sq. M. Km. - pafupifupi anthu kachulukidwe;
• zaka 20-24 - avereji ya Kubadwa koyamba (akazi);
• mayiko oposa 200 ndipo mafuko tikukhala mu Russia.

Akaunti a anthu la Russia

Kukhala amphumphu ndi zolondola zaziwerengero chithunzi cha dziko kulola deta kalembera. mfundo zimenezi zimathandiza kudziwa mphamvu ya chiwerengero chonse dziko kapena dera linalake la izo.

Population kalembera - njira iliyonse yolemetsa, ndi gulu limodzi, collation, kusanthula deta ndi kuyigwiritsa processing pa anthu dziko kapena dera. mwambo umenewu mogwirizana ndi mfundo za chinsinsi, lonse ndi okhwima centralization za ndondomeko lonse.

Woyamba m'mbiri ya Russian kalembera wa dziko kunachitidwa mu 1897 motsogoleredwa ndi wasayansi ndi malo, PP Semenov-Tyan-Shan. The "anawerenga" Soviet nyengo anthu dziko kanayi. Utatha wa USSR kalembera ku Russia unachitikira kawiri - mu 2002 ndi 2010.

Kuwonjezera Kalemberayu atatha, chiwerengero kulembetsa mu Russia ikuchitika ndi Rosstat Kupititsa maofesi a kaundula, ndi ofesi ya pasipoti.

Current zinthu zaziwerengero ku Russia

The chonse cha anthu a Federation ndi Russian: pafupifupi mamiliyoni 143 anthu ndi wina nzika 90,000 akukhala kunja. Awa ndi deta ya kalembera wa anthu otsiriza amachitika m'dzikolo chaka cha 2010. Poyerekeza ndi 2002 kalembera, chiwerengero cha anthu mu Russia anakana ndi oposa mamiliyoni awiri.

Ambiri masiku ano zaziwerengero zikuchitika ku Russia akhoza yodziwika monga mavuto. Ngakhale kuti "kutha kwa mtundu wa" molawirira kwambiri kunena. Makamaka m'zaka zaposachedwapa, analemba zabwino zachilengedwe kuchuluka kwa anthu (ngakhale zazing'ono). Ndi kuchuluka moyo amayembekezeka dziko. Choncho, mu 2010 kuti anauka kwa 68,9 kwa zaka 70,8.

Malinga ndi nkhani zambiri zimene sizikuyenda bwino, ndi 2030 anthu Russia adzakhala kuchepa kwa anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni 142. Malinga ndi kafukufuku zaziwerengero, optimists, anthu ake chidzakula kuti anthu mamiliyoni 152.

Kugonana ndi zaka Kapangidwe ka anthu

Malinga ndi kalembera atsopano, akazi mu Russia ndi miliyoni 10,8 kuposa amuna. Ndipo "kugawaniza" pakati pa amuna ndi akazi okha zambiri chaka chilichonse. Chifukwa chachikulu imeneyi - kuchuluka imfa ili pakati pa anthu okhwima (wamphamvu) zakubadwa. Ndipo oposa theka la imfa zimenezi chifukwa matenda a dongosolo mtima.

Modern zaka zikuchokera kwa anthu Russia chiri motere:

• gulu la ana ndi ana (zaka 0-14): 15%;
• nzika za msinkhu wogwira ntchito (15-64 zaka): 72%
• akuluakulu (zaka 65): 13%.

The zikuchokera mitundu ya anthu

Malinga ndi lamulo la dziko panopa, Russia ndi boma ochokera m'mayiko osiyanasiyana. Data kwa kalembera posachedwapa anthu kamodzinso zimatsimikizira nkhani yolembedwa izi.

Mwachitsanzo, mu Russia lero pali mitundu oposa mazana awiri ndi mafuko. Mtundu ochuluka kuposa dziko ndi Russian (80%). Komabe, iwo osiyanasiyana m'dziko lonse la Russian Federation m'malo m'goli. M'pang'ono Russian mu Republic Chechen (osakwana 2%).

mitundu ina, amene chiwerengero mu Russia wopyola malire a munthu peresenti:

• Chitata (3.9%);
• Chiyukireniya (1.4%);
• Bashkirs (1.2%);
• Chuvashes (1%);
• Chechens (1%).

Russia kulankhula mazana angapo zinenero ndi zinenero zina zambiri zosiyana. Ambiri a iwo - ndi Chirasha, Chiyukireniya, Chiameniya, Chibelarusi, Chitata. Koma m'zinenero 136 m'dera la Russia ano ali pangozi yaikulu kutha (monga bungwe lonse UNESCO).

Rural ndi m'tawuni anthu Russia

Today mu Russia pali mizinda 2386 ndi zoposa 134 zikwi midzi akumidzi. 74% ya anthu amakhala m'mizinda, 26% - m'midzi. Rural ndi m'tawuni anthu Russia zimasiyanasiyana mwa mtundu, jenda ndi zaka dongosolo, mlingo ndi moyo.

Mu Russia ano, kuphatikiza zodabwitsa za mumaganiza awiri mwakuwoneka n'komwe. Pa dzanja limodzi, dziko mofulumira m'mbuyo chiwerengero cha midzi, anaimba vesi ndi prose "Russia kumidzi" pang'onopang'ono umazilara. Komano, amakhala ndi otchedwa de A-mizinda (mkati 0.2% pachaka) kwa dziko. Russia - limodzi la mayiko ochepa padziko lonse kumene anthu zikukangalika amayenda midzi midzi kutenga kukhazikikamo.

Kumayambiriro a 2016 chiwerengero cha Russian m'tawuni ya anthu pafupifupi mamiliyoni 109.

mizinda Russian

Ngati mudzi kunyumba kwa anthu osachepera 12 000, ndi proviso kuti 85% ya iwo zikugwira ulimi, izo zikhoza kuganiziridwa mzinda. Mizinda yonse ya Russia mu anthu lagawidwa:

• yaing'ono (50 000 okhala);
• sing'anga (50-100 zikwi);
• chachikulu (100-250 zikwi);
• chachikulu (250-500 zikwi);
• waukulu (500-1000 zikwi);
• "Milioni imodzi" (ndi chiwerengero cha anthu pa miliyoni).

Pakali pano, mndandanda wa Russian m'mizinda Anthu tichipeza maudindo 15. M'midzi awa khumi ndi anaikira pafupifupi 10% ya anthu Russian.

Ambiri m'mizinda ikuluikulu ya Russia zikukwaniritsidwa mwamsanga, akhale nthambi ndi midzi, kupanga agglomerations m'matauni ndi ubale wene chuma ndi chikhalidwe.

Russian m'mudzi

Pa gawo la Russia ndi mitundu isanu ya kumidzi:

• mudzi;
• mudzi;
• munda;
• mudzi;
• midzi.

Pafupifupi theka la onse ndi dziko m'midzi ndi laling'ono (anthu anthu osakwana 50).

Traditional Russian mudzi ndi kufa. Ndipo ichi ndi chimodzi mwa zinthu zopweteka mavuto zaziwerengero la Russia ano. Kuyambira mu 1991, ndi boma mbisoweka ku mapu 20 zikwi midzi. Chidwi ndi lowopsya chithunzi!

Kalembera otsiriza, anachititsa mu 2010, zomwe kamodzinso anawatsimikizira ziwerengero chisoni Russian m'midzi yambiri Mayina yekha ndi nyumba kanthu. Ndipo funso pano si midzi ya Siberia kapena Far East. Mahandiredi ochepa makilomita kutali Moscow mungapeze midzi posachedwapa anasiya. The zinthu zomvetsa chisoni zimawonedwa m'dera Tver, limene lili monga pakati pa mitu iwiri ya dziko - Moscow ndi St. Petersburg. kusamuka Large mu mzinda awiri kulonjezedwa pamodzi ndi ziwawa imfa kuyambitsa kutha kwa ambiri midzi yaing'ono.

N'chifukwa chiyani mudzi Chirasha kufa? Pali zifukwa zambiri, koma zonse kumagwirizana. Kupanda ntchito mankhwala zachilendo ndipo zomangamanga, ndi chosatheka m'mudzimo okwana wovuta kudziletsa pagalimoto m'mizinda ikuluikulu.

Crimea anthu: chonse cha anthu, mafuko, zinenero achipembedzo zikuchokera

Mu Republic of Crimea pa chiyambi cha 2016 ndi kunyumba kwa anthu mamiliyoni 2.3. Pa zaka 2014-2016 ndi chilumba ku Chile Ukraine ali asamuka anthu 22 thousand (pazifukwa zandale). Pa nthawi yomweyo mu Crimea kwapita othawa osachepera 200,000 ku midzi nkhondo ndi m'midzi ya Donbass.

Chiwerengero cha Crimea - iwo ali oimira 175 mayiko. Waukulu pakati pawo - ndi Russian (68%), Ukrainians (16%), ndi Chitata Crimea (11%), Belarusians, Azerbaijanis ndi Armenia. The chinenero kwambiri ambiri amalankhula chilumba ndi Russian. Kuwonjezera iye, pali zambiri kumva Crimea Chitata, Chiameniya, Chiyukireniya kulankhula.

Anthu ambiri a Crimea ndi Orthodox Akhristu. Crimea Chitata, ndipo Uzbeks ndi Azeris ndi otsatira a chipembedzo cha Chisilamu. anthu Local a Karaites ndi Krymchaks - Chiyuda ya chipembedzo chawo. Pakali pano, pa chilumba pali zoposa 1,300 anthu opembedza ndi mabungwe.

Mlingo wa mizinda mu dziko ndi otsika kwambiri - 51 okha%. M'zaka zapitazi, chiwerengero cha anthu a kumidzi a Crimea chawonjezeka kwambiri chifukwa Crimea Chitata, amene mwachangu kumbuyo pa nthawi ino kwawo n'kukakhala makamaka m'madera a kumidzi. Masiku ano, pali midzi 17 ku Crimea. Yaikulu ya iwo ( anthu): Simferopol, Sevastopol, Kerch, Evpatoria ndi Yalta.

Pomaliza

26% / 74% - kuti chiŵerengero Akuti anthu m'midzi ndi m'matauni a Russia lero. M'chigawo cha mavuto misa pachimake zaziwerengero, amene azilankhula mu njira Integrated. Mmodzi wa iwo ndi ndondomeko kutha kwa midzi ndi m'matauni ang'onoang'ono Russia.