Okuluwika a nyama zitsanzo ndi phindu

Phraseology - nkhokwe ya nzeru za anthu. Kukhazikika akuti, kuonetsanso yosiyana kuposa zikuoneka pa koyamba, tanthauzo - ichi ndi chomwe chimapangitsa chinenero wapadera. anthu onse ndi prigovorki, miyambi, yosavuta mafanizo amene mwanjira ina pankakhala nyama. Nthawi zambiri mawu monga zokhudza chikhalidwe cha nyama zina, zizolowezi zawo ndi peculiarities. Chirasha ndi wamkulu ndi wamphamvu, sichoncho? Kodi m'menemo Zining'a nyama? Ndipo ngati iwo ali wapadera kapena zimapezekanso ku mitundu ina?

Mau oyamba phraseology ndi

Choyamba, muyenera kulingalira zomwe ndi mawu okuluwika. Akatswiri kumvetsa ndi mawu aliwonse mawu olakwika, kaya ndi mwambi kapena akuti, okuluwika (monga mbali yofunika ndi variable), mawu otchuka (ntchito zolembalemba, ulaliki m'kamwa, ndi zina zotero). Ndiko kuti, tili ndi ufulu kuwonjezera nkhani pansi kulingalira mawu akuti tingachipeze powerenga kuti mawu a nthano nthano. Choncho, Zining'a ndi maina zinyama kukhala opanda kusinjirira, mu gawo osiyana phraseology.

kuyesa m'kagulu

Munthu wakhala atazunguliridwa ndi abale ake ang'onoang'ono. Choyamba zakutchire, ndiye zikhale. M'kupita kwa nthawi, kuzindikira zizolowezi za ziweto, Iye anawayerekezera ndi anthu ndi zochitika ozungulira, ndipo pa maziko a ndemanga zimenezi, panali Zining'a, kuphatikizapo maina a nyama.

Iwo akhoza kugawidwa m'magulu ambiri:

• Za ziweto (mphaka galu).
• Pa nyama zakutchire (ngati nkhandwe njala).
• Za mbalame (cuckoo mayi).
• Za tizilombo (intrusive monga ntchentche).
• Pa nsomba (ngakhale nsomba kapena nyama), ndi zina zotero. D.

Komanso, Zining'a ndipo ndi kugawikana stylistic: ena a iwo Chithunzicho (mfulu monga mbalame), ena - colloquial kwambiri (ngati nsomba pa ayezi), ndipo ena kwathunthu wamba (peel ngati mbuzi imvi).

magwero

Kumene, kuganizira Zining'a za nyama popanda kupita mbiri ya anachokera zosatheka mwamtheradi. Mawu ena anawonekera ngati khalidwe la makhalidwe ena a nyama Nkhandwe mochenjera, apa ndi anatenga view kuti munthu akhoza kukhala kuchenjerera "nkhandweyo"; hares Zikatero, kawirikawiri mtima zodabwitsa, chifukwa si makamaka molimba kale iwo amati ali "wamantha monga hares."

Chinanso phraseology - nthano. The wakale Asilavo tambala anali chizindikiro cha Perun, mulungu wa mabingu. Mvula ya Mkuntho zambiri zinafuna moto, choncho bungwe la nkhuku ndi moto, motero akuti "tiyeni tambala wofiira" amatanthauza "kutentha".

Sakanakhoza bwanji chinenero ndi miyambo ya anthu. Mwachitsanzo, Ayuda ndi mwambo chaka nsembe kwa Mulungu, yemwe ankayenera kuti awombole machimo awo. Pachikhalidwe, pa guwa iye chili ndi mbuzi, amene anali kutchuka kwake monga "scapegoat." Mwambo kalekale osaonekanso, koma munthu amene ali kulipira zolakwa ndi machimo a anthu ena, akadali otchedwa choncho.

Nyama zina anali "mphoto" phraseology ntchito yake mu moyo wa munthu. Kavalo, popanda zomwe n'zosatheka kulingalira wamba njira ya moyo, wachita kale moyo imeneyi osakaniza wotchuka ngati "analima ngati kavalo" ndipo "kwa mahatchi ntchito kufa", umene anatsindika ntchito yake yapadera.

Writers kulenga Zining'a za nyama ntchito zake pamaziko a chitsutso: "Elephant ndi Pug" (yaikuluikulu), "Wolf ndi Nkhosa" (mlenje ndi wovulalayo), "atombolombo ndi Nyerere" (a slacker ndiponso wolimbikira ntchito) - chinawathandiza kwambiri bwino ikusonyezera ntchito analengedwera kwa owerenga fano pafupi zotheka zenizeni.

Okuluwika zinenero zosiyanasiyana

Phraseology ndi mayiko - zikuonekeratu mwakamodzi. Fuko lirilonse liri ndi zina kucheza ndi nyama zina. Mwachitsanzo, mu UK pali mawu ofanana ndi Russian "kutsanulira mu ndowa," amene amatanthauza "kutsanulira amphaka ndi agalu." Nthawi ya phraseologism izi zimachitika chakuti pamaso pa rooftops yokutidwa ndi nkhani imene pamene yonyowa anakhala oterera kwambiri, kotero kuyenda kudutsa rooftops amphaka kupasula - choncho panali mawu amenewa amatanthauza mvula. Mu German, Russian "kubisalirana" masewera limafanana ndi "ng'ombe akhungu".

Komanso, adzadziwire mtundu kusintha "olimba mtima" wa phraseology: Russian "Iphani mwala umodzi mbalame ziwiri ndi mwala umodzi" ndi zofanana German "aphe anthu ndi nkhonya imodzi ntchentche awiri" ndi "Ndiko kumene nsapato pinches" Kodi "Ndiko kumene tsabola mu kalulu izi!" "Yendani padziko chitsamba, "mu Baibulo German amasandulika" kuyenda monga mphaka padziko mbale ya phala otentha, "ndi" njala ngati galu "amagwirizana ndi chimbalangondo, osati galu. Russian "kugona ngati chipika" zikumveka "kugona ngati mwala" mu German.

M'zitsanzo zimenezi ndi chiwerengero chachikulu. Nkofunika kuzindikira kuti kumasulira Zining'a kwenikweni Mulimonsemo zosatheka. Association ndi nyama zosiyana kukhala osiyana, choncho ndi bwino kukhala omasuka ndi kugwiritsa ntchito mawu kwambiri ndale. Okuluwika m'mawu ake ntchito okhawo amene akhulupirira kwathunthu mu nzeru zake za chinenero. Choncho samalani ntchito Zining'a za nyama, ndi zina kwambiri, chinenero china.

Okuluwika mu Russian

Koma mwina nthawi yafika, ndi nthawi yoti mupite pa nyama ndi kuwonetsedwa phraseologisms Russian. Kawirikawiri zoomorphism, ndicho otchedwa sayansi izi phraseology gawo pofotokoza khalidwe la munthu wina aliyense, kapena njira zimene iye amachitira zimenezi kapena kanthu. Inde, tanthauzo Zining'a ake anawagawa nambala yaikulu magulu.

The yaikulu ndi adagawa - kusonyeza makhalidwe zabwino ndi zoipa umunthu. Mwachitsanzo: wofatsa ng'ombe, nyani grenade monga wofiira ng'ombe nsalu wamakani bulu athanzi monga kavalo, ndi zina zotero. Mu phraseologisms aliyense Tingaone monga mthunzi kuchita ndi kulemekeza zimene okuluwika uyu ntchito.

Zining'a zoipa

Ndipo tsopano tione mwatsatanetsatane imodzi mwa zigawo, zimene tatchulazi. Zining'a zoipa ndi nyama, zitsanzo za zimene zafala kwambiri, ali ndi kagawo kakang'ono yaikulu zoomorphism. Kulankhula mwatopa, tigwiritsa ntchito mawu akuti "kumezanitsa", "sangathenso ngati gologolo mu khola", "ntchito ngati ng'ombe" - zonsezi kumatanthauza kugwira ntchito zolimba, wakewo. Ataona kupusa anthu, anati: "kuyang'ana ngati nkhosa pa chipata chatsopano", "akubwera mmwamba monga giraffe," ndi kunena kuti anthu ambiri nashkodil kuposa chinandithandiza ntchito mawu akuti "disservice". Mu phraseologisms, omwe akunena za dothi, izo nthawizonse kugwirizana ndi nkhumba, "zauve monga nkhumba," "nasvinyachit". Ndipo kuzindikira kulephera, ntchito zoomorphism monga "zambiri monga nkhumba ku malalanje", kugogomeza "chisomo" kukumbukira "ng'ombe pa ayezi" ndi "njovu mu shopu China", ndipo ngati tinena za munthu iikidwe khutu nyimbo adzanena kuti iye "khutu chimbalangondo anabwera."

Akukhudza pa mutu wa kudya kumwetsa mowa, nthawi zambiri chifukwa ena ku nkhumba ( "oledzera, monga nkhumba," "kuti nkhumba squeal") ndi nkhandwe chilombo ( "voracious kudya", "ng'ombe kudya"). Ndipo zitsanzo onsewa - yekha kagawo kakang'ono mu dziko lalikulu la phraseology, zomwe ife lekani, koma kutenthetsa ndi wokonzeka kufufuza zina m'magazini ino.

Okuluwika mu nthano

Kodi mungaphunzire Zining'a za nyama, ngakhale kukumbukira nthano? Mu ife tikupeza nambala yaikulu mawu kale kotero mwamphamvu mizu chinenero kuti ndi zovuta kukhulupirira awo "nenarodnoe" chiyambi. "Tsekwe, khansa ndi Pike" - sanjira umboni "cuckoo akutamanda tambala chifukwa iye akutamanda cuckoo '- ndi flatterer," Elephant ndi Pug "- za kulimbana kwa ang'ono ndi lalikulu," nyani ntchito "- ntchito wachabechabe,' khwangwala mu pikoko nthenga "- munthu amene amadzionetsera ngati wina ... mawu onsewa ndi bwino kuti kuyambira tili ana, Kuonjezera apo, iwo kuyambitsa yoweyula lonse la kucheza ndi anthu onse a nthano yemweyo: kuti yekha ali fanizo lomveka bwino la nyani ndi magalasi!

Ndipotu kugwiritsa ntchito mawu anakonza mabuku - njira yabwino kulimbikitsa Zining'a za nyama komanso kufunika kwake, nchifukwa chake simungathe angasokoneze nyota za olemba m'magazini ino.

za Ziweto

Ndipo Ndikufuna kumaliza mutu umenewu monga Zining'a ndi ziweto. Fotokozani nyama osazindikira, amene nthawi zonse pamaso panga, ndi mosavuta kuposa kubisala m'nkhalango ya mimbulu, zimbalangondo ndi nkhandwe, zizolowezi kuti anthu ambiri chikhoza kudziŵika ndi zongomva. chilankhulo wachita kale amasonyezera pa mawu akuti "mphaka galu", "chikondi cha Uzani awiri mamok imayamwa", "akale kavalo mzere osati kulanda" "galu zoyipa" - onse a iwo ali ogwirizana kutchula ziweto.

Zikuoneka kuti Zining'a awa ali pafupi Russian munthu, ndipo anasonyeza bwanji wake kuti izi kapena kuti nyama ndi bwino kwambiri: mu zoomorphism akavalo nthawi kumva kulemekeza ntchito mwakhama, amphaka zambiri kuoneka ngati anthu pawokha, nkhumba imakhudzana ndi uve, ng'ombe zambiri ndinu opusa .

PS

Okuluwika kulankhula yathu kwambiri ndi momveka bwino kusonyeza erudition ndipo M'maso lalikulu. N'chifukwa chake basi ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito chinenero kulankhula ndi, Chofunika kwambiri, kuwagwiritsa ntchito molondola.