Numeral

Kalembedwe ka limati Russian kuti gawo palokha wa kulankhula, umene ndi chiwerengero cha nambala kapena kuti, dzina la numeral lapansi. Mawerengero mwina makhalidwe osiyana, kapangidwe ndi galamala. Izi gawo woyankhula ndi mawu onse omwe akuyankha funso "ndani?" Ndipo "Zingati?".

Ngati ife kulankhula za maonekedwe morphological cha dzina numeral, tisaiwale kuti pali nthawi zonse ndi variable zizindikiro. Zimatanthauza kusintha case, jenda ndi chiwerengero. mawerengero onse anakana kuti case, ena angayesedwe komanso manambala ndi kusiya.

Mwa maganizodwe dzina numeral akhoza kukhala kugwira ntchito zosiyanasiyana. Childs, kadinala chiwerengero cha nauni ndi gawo limodzi la m'sentensi. Mwachitsanzo: Anthu anayi anali kuyang'ana pawindo. Nthawi zambiri manambala kadinala ali pa mndandanda wa mbali zina za chiganizocho, zimenezi manauni. Pankhani chiwerengero ordinal, iwo atha kutumikira ngati tanthauzo kapena mbali ya gulu mwadzina mkhalidwe. Mwachitsanzo: The mtsikana anali ndi chiwiri.

Ndi maina mtengo mawerengero anawagawa kadinala ndi ordinal. Kachulukidwe akusonyeza nambala (zinthu) kapena chiwerengero (umboni lingaliro). Cardinal manambala ndi integers (mazana asanu ndi khumi), fractional (limodzi mwa magawo asanu, kulandilidwa ndi mphambu ziwili), gulu (ziwiri, zitatu). manambala Ordinal tikuchita ndi dongosolo la mphambu (wachiwiri, zana ndi khumi).

Mu dongosolo zake, numeral, dzina yosavuta gulu. mawerengero Common zinalembedwa m'mawu amodzi (ziwiri, khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu, mazana anayi eightieth). Chigawo chimodzi, nayenso zigwirizana ndi mawu angapo (makumi awiri ndi ziwiri, mazana awiri ndi ziwiri, eyite-chitatu). Ngati ife tiyandikira kufanana pakati pa tanthauzo lake ndi kapangidwe, tiona kuti kuchuluka lonse ndi manambala ordinal akhoza kukhala mwina gulu ndi yosavuta, pamene kuchuluka fractional - zigawo yekha, ndi kusonkhanitsa kachulukidwe - chosavuta yekha.

Cardinal manambala ndi zinthu zingapo zochititsa mu ngakhale ndi nauni zomwe amanena. Mu nominative ndi milandu accusative imafunika kuseri nauni zinachitikira genitive. Mwachitsanzo: Mabuku naini, khumi mimosas, anthu makumi atatu. Pa mawerengero chimodzimodzi monga theka, atatu, awiri ndi anayi amafuna nauni mu chimodzi, ndi zina - mu zambiri. Mwachitsanzo: zala ziwiri - zala zisanu; Mimosa atatu - makumi awiri mimosas; anyamata anayi - anyamata makumi asanu ndi atatu. Mtundu uwu wa ngakhale mu chinenero cha Chirasha amatchedwa kasamalidwe (ie mlandu olamulidwa ndi numeral a).

Mitundu ina ya mtundu wa kulankhulana - kukambirana pamene dzina numeral zikugwirizana ndi nauni mu nominative pa. Mwachitsanzo: mazenera khumi, mimosas atatu (RP), mazenera khumi, Mimosa atatu (AM), mazenera khumi, mimosas atatu (etc.), (v) mazenera khumi, Mimosa atatu.

mawerengero Onse pamodzi manauni monga manambala lonse kadinala. Ndi manauni onse losonkhanitsidwa ntchito zambiri. Ndipo yekha "ziwiri" amafunika mmodzi. Mwachitsanzo: "Zisanu Little Kids" koma "Abale awiri". manambala Ordinal zogwirizana ndi manauni monga adjectives. Mwachitsanzo: usiku woyamba, sabata chinayi, tsiku lakhumi.

Numeral mu English akhoza kukhala siriyo kapena kachulukidwe, koma English galamala si "mavuto" ndi kuchepa, umene udzachitike mu chinenero cha Chirasha.