Nthano monga mtundu wanyimbo mabuku. kulankhula mtundu nthano

Ankadziwa nthano anthu amapezeka mu sukulu. Ndi apa kuti ife kumvetsa izo nthawi yoyamba zozama tanthauzo, kupanga mfundo yoyamba powerenga ndi kuyesera kuchita chinthu chabwino, koma osati nthawi zonse zimakhalira. Today tidzayesetsa kuthana ndi chakuti izo ziri, ndi kupeza zomwe ndi mtundu wa kulankhula nthano.

ndi nthano zomwe

Musanayambe tikupeza zomwe ziri mawonekedwe a mawu nthano, ife tikuwona chimene icho chiri. Nthano wotchedwa nthano za kukula yaing'ono, olembedwa m'njira didactic. atchulidwa ake ndi nyama ndi zinthu zina zopanda moyo. Nthawi zina atchulidwa ndi nthano anthu. Kodi ndi mtundu ndakatulo kapena zinalembedwa prose.

Nthano - ndi mtundu zimene ya kulankhula? Izi ndi zimene timaphunzira kenako, ndipo tsopano tiyeni tikambirane za matabwa ake. Nthano idzafotokoza awiri - Nkhani ndi linanena bungwe, amene ankaona malangizo omveka, malamulo kapena malangizo, "Ufumuyo" kuti nkhaniyo. Mfundo imeneyi nthawi ili mu mankhwala mapeto koma kudyetsedwa pachiyambi ndi nyimbo. Ena olemba aipereke mu mawonekedwe a Mawu omaliza a zilembo Fairy-nthano. Koma kodi wowerenga angathe yesani linanena bungwe zinalembedwa mu mzere osiyana, izo sadzatha kuchita, chifukwa izo ziri mu mawonekedwe zobisika, monga momwe kumene mogwirizana ndi zochitika pamwamba ndi kukambirana. Choncho funso: "Kodi nthano?" - Mungathe kuyankha kuti ntchito mabuku ndi phokoso ndi zothandiza omaliza.

kulankhula mtundu nthano

Kupitiriza kufufuza imeneyi polemba chinenero mabuku, mudzakambirane funso lotsatira. ndi mawonekedwe a mawu nthano chiyani? Nthawi zambiri, olemba amatchula ntchito ya kulankhula zophiphiritsa ndi mwachindunji. Komanso amapezeka ntchito za mtundu wanyimbo andakatulo didactic, lalifupi Nkhani mawonekedwe. Koma onetsetsani ntchito, chiwembu ndi phunziro anamaliza kumasulira ophiphiritsa. Onetsetsani pali makhalidwe amene uphimbika.

Chosiyana mtundu wa kulankhula nthano. Russian wolemba, ndithudi, anadalira pa ntchito ya akapolo anzawo akale - Aesop, Phaedrus, La Fontaine. Komabe, iye sanayese kutengera ntchito zawo, kumasulira iwo ndi kulenga choyambirira anu nthano. Monga ulamuliro, anagwiritsa ntchito mawu mwachindunji ndi zophiphiritsa, kukambirana.

fabulist wotchuka

Nthano kubwera kwa ife kuchokera nthawi ya Greece wakale. Choncho, ife tikudziwa mayina monga Aesop (wolemba lalikulu la masiku amakedzana), ndi fabulist wachiwiri kukula - Phaedrus. Iye anali wolemba osati nyimbo zake komanso anamasulira ntchito ndi limasinthira Aesopian. Mu Roma, kuti ndi nthano, zikanadziwika Evian ndi Nekkamu. Mu Middle Ages, kulemba nthano ndi mapeto zothandiza chinkhoswe olemba ngati Shteyngevel Nick zikopa, B. Paprocki, Erazm Rotterdamsky ndipo ambiri olemba ena. Iye anali wotchuka ndi ntchito polemba chinenero ichi ndi la French ndakatulo Zhan Lafonten (m'ma chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chiwiri).

Nthano mabuku Russian

Mu zaka 15-16 mu Russia tinali bwino nthano, amene adachokera ku East kudzera Byzantium. Ngakhale kuti nthawi imeneyi owerenga kale anapanga ena maganizo chomwe izo ziri. Patapita nthawi, anthu kale kuphunzira ntchito za Aesop, ndipo mu 1731 Cantemir ngakhale analemba nthano asanu. Komabe, iye anali kwambiri anatsanzira ntchito ya olemba wakale Greek, koma tinganene kuti ntchito za Kantemir Russian.

Chemnitzer, Sumarokov, Trediakovskii Dmitriev anayesetsa kulenga Mabaibulo awo ndi nthano yachilendo. Mu Soviet Union, makamaka wotchuka inali ntchito Osauka Damian, Mikhalkov, Glibov.

Koma wotchuka kwambiri Russian fabulist anali ndi kukhala Ivan Andreevich Krylov. The heyday ntchito yake zinachitika kumayambiriro kwa zaka chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chitatu ndi chakhumi ndi chisanu ndi chinayi. Ngwazi za ntchito zambiri nyama ndi zinthu zina zopanda moyo. Iwo amachita monga anthu, koma khalidwe lawo kunyoza makhalidwe a umunthu. nyama zambiri amaimira aliyense khalidwe khalidwe. Mwachitsanzo, nkhandwe likuimira kuchenjerera mkango - kulimba mtima, tsekwe - zamkhutu, Kadzidzi - nzeru, kalulu - amantha, ndi zina zotero. Choyambirira, luso ndi changwiro nthano linamasuliridwa m'zinenero zambiri European ndi Asia. Fabulist anapanga chopereka kwambiri kuti citukuko ca mtundu wanyimbo ndi mabuku wonse mu Russia. Mwina chifukwa cha chosema wake, mwa umunthu ena otchuka anatenga malo ake pa chipilala "Millennium la Russia" mu mzinda wakale - Velikiy Novgorod.

kuti adzimvera

Kotero, ife mwachitira mfundo zimenezi ndi nthano, monga izo zinachitika, komwe ankakhala ndi mmene otchedwa ndiAmene polemba chinenero chimenechi. Ife tinapeza amene anali fabulists abwino kwambiri mu dziko ndi kuphunzira mbali ya malonda awo. Ndipo ife tikudziwa chomwe kapangidwe ka wake umenewu zolembalemba, ndi zimene Baibulo limaphunzitsa. Tsopano owerenga amadziwa zimene kunena, popeza analangiza kuti: ". Kudula mfundo nthano" Mawonekedwe a mawu ndi chilankhulo mbali ya ntchito zimenezi sadzalekerera aliyense osayanjanitsika.