Njinga aphasia. Afferent galimoto aphasia

Njinga aphasia mankhwala ali dzina lina - aphasia Broca, mu ulemu wa wofufuza, amene anafotokoza matenda. Ndi zovuta kulankhula matenda limapezeka pa maziko a kugonjetsedwa kwa gawo mazunzo a Chigawo cha kumanzere ndi kuphwanya ntchito zake. mavuto oterewa nthawi zambiri uka chifukwa cha sitiroko kapena kuvulala kwambiri chigaza ndi ubongo.

Kulankhula kudwala wamphamvu ameneyu zopindika kulankhula, mavuto kupeza mawu polankhula ndi, mwatsoka, si kuyan'anila za articulation.

Kumasiyanitsa afferent aphasia?

mtundu umodzi wa matenda pathological amalankhulana afferent galimoto aphasia umatchedwanso kinesthetic.

Wodwala pa yomweyo kupweteka nizhnetemennoy mbali ya ubongo (Chigawo kutsogolera). Pomwe-handers - ndi kumanzere Chigawo, amene ali ndi udindo kwa ndondomeko ya kulankhula. Ndi mtundu wa matenda mawu (wofatsa), wodwalayo ndi kudodoma wapadera ndi kupanda Kuimaima pakati pa mawu. Anaphwanya anzake a articulation ndi parafaziynye zopindika (ie. E. M'MALO mawu ena kapena syllables mawu a wina) mu ndondomeko ya kuwerenga kapena mowiriza kulankhula.

Pankhaniyi kwambiri, wodwalayo wapatsidwa katchulidwe mwakhama phokoso. Ndipo afferent aphasia ali mbali chidwi - Munthu Mwachitsanzo, mosadziwa akhoza kutchula ena a iwo, ndi pa pempho -. Ayi, chifukwa pa mphindi ino m'pofunika kuthetsa vutoli, mmene ayenera apangidwe milomo chochita ndi chinenero, etc, .. kuti phokoso makamaka.

mbali zina za afferent galimoto aphasia

Kodi kulabadira chakuti, kuwonjezera pa mavuto ndi kulankhula, odwala ndi matenda a "afferent galimoto aphasia" wathyoka ndi m'kamwa (T. E. Non-kulankhula) praxis.

chikhalidwe ichi ndi zimenenso Kulephela kugwila magulu osiyana m'kamwa (by njira, kuyambira pa aliyense payekha komanso pambuyo kuwonetsera kwa wina) Mwachitsanzo, zingakweze onse kapena tsaya limodzi, adafuthula chinenero ndi zina zotero. N.

Chifukwa, kinesthetic chilema odwala ndi mavuto ndi kulemba (monga kulembedwa ndi ufulu wodzilamulira). Mwa njira, matenda kawirikawiri maadiresi ali limodzi ndi passivity wa wodwala komanso chifukwa inertia njira mu ulusi mitsempha.

ndi efferent aphasia Kodi

Efferent galimoto aphasia - izi ndi mtundu wina wa kulankhula kudwala imagwira gawo la kumbuyo la gyrus m'munsi mazunzo. Wodwala Pankhaniyi nthawi zambiri amatha kutchula phokoso ena, koma kusonkhanitsa iwo mwa mawu "lophimba" kwa phokoso oyamba yotsatira, iye anali sangathe. Odwala ndi mtundu uwu wa kudwala anagwiriridwa ndi ndondomeko za bungwe la mawu kuchita otchedwa "kayendedwe Nyimbo" (kotero wochita kafukufuku anati A. R. Luriya).

Kwa odwala amenewa, khalidwe "popachika-" pa phokoso loyamba la syllable loyamba la mawu kapena akutsatiridwa ndi kubwereza mosalekeza. Amalakatika kusalala kwake, kusankha mawu ndi zovuta, pali otchedwa ndi embolus - mawu kapena akanema omveka bwino, amene wodwala akuyesera m'malo chilichonse sitingathe kunena.

kulankhula Features pa efferent aphasia

Ndipo koposa zonse mu ndondomeko ya kulankhula (pa matenda "efferent galimoto aphasia") wodwala akugwiritsa ntchito manauni yekha ndi kasewenzetsedwe ka mau mu mawonekedwe koyamba, mwachitsanzo: "nyumba ... ... kuima." Chinachake chimene akuti wodwala ali, monga ulamuliro, telegraphic kalembedwe, koma pa nthawi yomweyo Komabe, mawu ali nkhani ndithu.

Correctional ntchito mu galimoto aphasia, ndi njira, kumafuna kugwiritsa ntchito njira melodic intonation. Odwala anapereka kuimba, ndipo pang'onopang'ono melodiously amaloweza mawu. Ndipo n'zochititsa chidwi kuti Zochita izi (ngakhale mu nkhani ya matenda zozama za articulation) katchulidwe ka ndondomeko amakhala pafupifupi yachibadwa.

Zikavuta a galimoto aphasia

Ngati galimoto aphasia akuthamanga molimbika, kenako mawu wodwalayo zitha zigwirizana omveka kapena mawu akuti "inde" ndi "ayi." Odwala kuyesa kunena Pankhaniyi lonse ya phonemes zilipo nawo intonations osiyana, kwa munthu wina akhoza kumvetsa maganizo awo kumva. Mwa njira, monga tatchulazi, kulankhula odwala kumeneku kumaoneka pafupifupi zonse, zosiyana kokha zovuta ankasinthana m'chiganizo kapena nthano.

Zodabwitsa ndizakuti, boma maganizo a anthu ndi galimoto aphasia kusalekerera aliyense komanso chosemphana. Odwala zambiri kukhala whiny ndi mosavuta kugwera mu khalidwe la mtima kapena maganizo. Zizindikiro ubongo wa kudwala yodziwika ndi kufooka pamene minofu kumaso, komanso ndikosatheka ntchito munthawi yomweyo minofu nkhope, pakhosi ndi pakamwa. Field ya masomphenya odwalawo amadziwikanso ankatembenukira kwa malire mwachizolowezi.

ndi aphasia imalandira Kodi

Mtundu aakulu wachisokonezo kulankhula ndi chipangizo-galimoto aphasia, kapena ayi - lamayimbidwe-ampatuko. Iwo amayamba ndi zotupa za zapambuyo lachitatu la gyrus kuposa kanthawi ndipo anafotokoza kuphwanya kumvetsa mawu olankhulidwa ngakhale matchulidwe ndi articulation njira odwala, monga ulamuliro, ndi sanaphwanye. Mavuto ndi kumva phonemic, anaonekera odwala awa, zikubweretsa kusowa ulamuliro pa mawu awo.

M'pofunika kuona apa chimodzi kwambiri mbali ya mtundu wa lokhudza kulankhula - kwenikweni-galimoto aphasia amakhala ndi chakuti, mosiyana ndi mitundu ina ya m'mbuyomu kudwala, wodwala sakudziwa za vutoli.

Odwala matenda ichi amakonda kulankhula mwamsanga, koma nthawi yomweyo kugwiritsa ntchito mawu m'njira iliyonse. Ndipo izo zikuwoneka kuti anthuwo monga ngati wapakamwa "saladi" mu Zikavuta, kwathunthu wopanda tanthauzo.

Kulankhula Kusangalala mu galimoto aphasia: muyenera kukumbukira

Khalani limasonyeza kuti ngakhale mitundu womwewo wa aphasia wodwala aliyense izo m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Izo zimatengera osati pa ukupeza ndi zaka, komanso misinkhu ya maphunziro komanso chikhalidwe cha munthu, komanso makhalidwe a umunthu wake.

Patapita pachimake (sitiroko) angayambe yomweyo okwana aphasia, imene wodwalayo sangathe kunena mau. Koma, mwamwayi, nthawi zambiri m'kupita amayamba kuchira.

Pankhaniyi, pafupi, pofuna kuthandiza munthu akavulala sayenera pamene akulankhula kwa iye akukuwa, kuyesa kumunyengerera iye kulankhula - akwanitsa kumva abwino. Kodi ankanena za odwala, kulankhula ziganizo zovuta, monga kuzindikira za ndondomeko pamwamba pa nthawi iyi ndi yovuta kwambiri. Koma pa nthawi yomweyo tiyenera kukumbukira kuti wodwalayo si chakhungu nzeru. Vuto munthu tichipeza mu mavuto katchulidwe!

Njinga aphasia - chithandizo kumatengera zifukwa zambiri

Mwatsoka timabweranso mu zonse kovuta pambuyo sitiroko kapena kuvulala ubongo. Koma wodwala ndi mtima wabwino kuti izi ozungulira n'zotheka mokwanira achire amalankhulira.

Kumene, choyamba m'pofunika kuchita tinafotokoza mwatsatanetsatane za mtima kudziwa chifukwa cha kuyan'anila. Monga mukudziwa, kodi mbali ya ubongo zimakhudzira kumadalira luso ndiponso mawu kuchira.

Ntchito ndi kulankhula dokotala Ufumuyo ndi mankhwala. Pamene matenda "logaphasia" chithandizo zimatanthauza kulandira mankhwala monga "Cavinton" "Korsavin" "Telektol" neri Al., Pokhala vasoactive malangizo (iwo bwino magazi kuti ubongo). Mofanana otchuka ndi anticholinesterases monga "Amiridin" ndi "galantamine" (ali wapaulendoyo pa mantha dongosolo autonomic), komanso relaxants minofu, kucheperachepera minofu kamvekedwe mu miyendo ziwalo (mankhwala "Elatin" ndi "Mydocalm"), ndipo nootropic zinthu.

Ndipo mankhwala thupi zochitika zofunika mu mawonekedwe a kutema mphini, kutikita mankhwala thupi ndi electrostimulation.

Kodi kukubwezerani pa siteji oyambirira

Kale mu magawo oyambirira pambuyo vutolo wapezeka galimoto aphasia amafuna kudzudzulidwa, kuyambira ayambe zothandiza kwambiri kulankhula n'chotheka m'mwezi woyamba kuyambira chiyambi cha matenda (pambuyo kusintha kwakukulu zabwino zambiri sanaone).

Choncho ndikofunikira amayesa "disinhibited" Mawu, chifukwa mawu mtsinje wa wodwalayo. Kuti anthu amene kuthandiza wodwala, ayenera imfayo katchulidwe wake zina phokoso kugwiritsa ntchito mbali zonse. Mwachitsanzo, kupereka kutsanzira phokoso aliyense: "Tandiuza, madzi akukuthonyera?" - "kukapanda kuleka, kukapanda kuleka". Kapena: "Kodi mphepo howls" - "Oo-Oo-Oo". Chitsanzo china: "Kodi akupita galimoto?" - "F-Chabwino-Chabwino". Pankhaniyi, phokoso ayenera kwambiri kulankhula, kuti wodwalayo akanakhoza kumvetsa mmene wokamba pamene kusuntha milomo yake.

Ena mbali ya malangizo galimoto aphasia

Ngati wodwalayo galimoto aphasia digiri wofatsa, musati mulimbikitseni manja kapena nkhope mmalo mwa mawu, yesani yotithandiza izo. Koma sapotoza zochitika, kukwaniritsa oyera ndi bwino katchulidwe. Musagwiritse zonse kukonza zonse anati ndi wodwalayo.

Munganene mtima kutsiriza kwa inu Mwachitsanzo, odziwika Mwambi: "Akuchedwa ndi azilandira yapambana - pa ..." Tiyeni poyamba iye sanapeze kunena mawu onse ngakhale onyenga zokwanira mawu amene amayambitsa incitement kalankhulidwe. Izi zikuthandizani banja ndi zithunzi. Muyenera kudzifunsa kuwaona, ndi wina dzina lake.

Kamodzi disinhibition anayamba, yesani kugwiritsa ntchito kasewenzetsedwe ka mau kuti kulumikiza mitundu yonse ya kulankhulana: kulankhula, kulemba, kuwerenga. Mwachitsanzo: "N'chiyani chimachititsa mphaka?" - "Malovu." Muloleni wodwalayo osati akupereka mawu, komanso wapeza kuti mwa anasaina akufuna kuti afanane fano.

Kodi kuchita ngati aphasia chaukali

Monga tanena, mlingo waukulu wa aphasia amachititsa kuti munthu sangathe kunena ngakhale syllable, osati mawu. Pankhaniyi, m'pofunika ndondomeko kupyolera, kubwereza kwa maina a masiku a sabata kapena nyimbo.

Popeza kuti njira izi ndi zambiri yodzichitira, ndi ulamuliro chitadutsa kale m'madera ena a ubongo. Choncho, popanda kutsatira inu: "Chimodzi, ziwiri, zitatu, zinayi," wodwala akuti phokoso ndilipo. Mwa njira, yemweyo zikuchitika mu ndondomeko ya nyimbo. Nyimbo nthawi yomweyo ayenera kukhala bwino ndi zazing'ono ngati n'kotheka. Poyamba, kuimba ndi wodwala, ndiyeno kulimbikitsa aliyense, ngakhale akuyesetsa yosokoneza kudzimvera kuimba kapena nkhani.

Kumbukirani kuti khwerero onse odwala konzanso muyenera nkhani pep ndi zolinga maphunziro abwino monga quotient maganizo - ndi mbali yofunika ya bwinobwino kugonjetsa galimoto mitundu ya aphasia.

A mawu ochepa pomaliza

Ntchito kubwezeretsa kulankhula - ziri ndithu yaitali ndi zovuta ndondomeko. Pamafunika khama anzake a dokotala nawo, kulankhula dokotala, ndipo, ndithudi, malo pafupi a wovulalayo. Komanso, galimoto aphasia kudzudzulidwa ayenera kuchitidwa kwenikweni pa mlingo akatswiri, ndipo mwamsanga iwo anayamba bwino mwayi wa kupambana.

anasinthira achinyamata amene akudwala kwambiri kulitchula. A linanena bungwe mowiriza boma galimoto aphasia, poyamba, akhozanso kukopeka ndi chibwibwi.

Taganizirani izi, Musataye chikhulupiriro bwino - ndipo mudzakhala bwino!