N'chifukwa chiyani anasiya zouluka kwa mwezi? danga Exploration

M'zaka zaposachedwapa pakhala zida zambiri wapadera, amene bwino kwambiri miyoyo yathu. Sayansi si chilili. munthu pang'onopang'ono kuwulula zinsinsi za dziko lino. Komabe, komabe bwinobwino chifukwa anasiya zouluka mwezi. Ndithudi, zaka zapitazo chiwerengero cha mayiko awiri anali kumenyana mwayi kutumiza munthu woyamba Padziko Lapansi Kanema. Kodi chinachitika? Start, mwina ndi nkhani za kulengedwa kwa "mwezi" ntchito.

"Chikondwererochi pulogalamu" NASA

munthu pa mwezi walola sayansi kuti afike patali patsogolo. Koma mwadzidzidzi mapulogalamu onse anasiya. Chimene chinachitika? Kuti tipeze yankho mabuku, muyenera kukumba pang'ono zakuya. Mbiri ya kufufuza za Moon anayamba m'zaka lomaliza. Zinali mtundu wa kulimbana ndi mayiko angapo mphamvu pa dziko lonse lapansi.

USSR pa nthawi imeneyo anagwirizira udindo waukulu, ndipo NASA anadziwa kuti njira mwachindunji kuchepetsa mtunda adzakhala sizingatheke. Tinkafunika yopuma. Choncho, gulu lalikulu la asayansi wakhazikitsidwa, amene anakamba "mwezi" pulogalamu. Ntchitoyi ntchito anthu pafupifupi 400 zikwi. Iwo anathera miliyoni 110 dollars. Ntchito pa pulogalamu watha pafupifupi 8 zaka. Panthawi imeneyi pakhala prototypes ambiri a ndege, kumene, mndandanda wa "Apollo." Koma pazifukwa zina anasiya zouluka mwezi, ngati ntchito onse anachita bwino?

Waukulu kugwirizana chitukuko ndi NASA - ndi Wernher von Braun. Munthu uyu pa Nkhondo Yachiwiri ya World, anagwira Adolf Hitler. Zinali iye amene analenga odziwika padziko lonse, "V-2 roketi." Werner anakhoza kulenga sing'anga amphamvu kuti ali ndi kukula chidwi. Kupulumutsa kwa Launch malo dziko zinali zosatheka. Dziwani kuti "Saturn" injini ali ndi mphamvu 180 miliyoni ndiyamphamvu. Poyamba makina mu nyumba ili pafupi, onse anaphwanya galasi.

NASA zoyesayesa

flights ambiri anali odzipereka ku mwezi. Koma 10 aircrafts "Apollo" zino unayambitsidwa pamaso ankafika woyamba padziko Kanema Dziko Lapansi. Only ndiye ife anayamba kulankhula zokhuza kuthekera ndege mwezi:

1. October 1968 - izo unayambitsidwa "Apollo 7". ndege yoyamba analowa kanjira.

2 December 1968 - unayambitsidwa "Apollo 8" ndi kuimitsa pa bolodi. ndegeyo anatha kuwuluka mozungulira Moon mu kanjira kake.

3 March 1969 - "Apollo 9". Mu mlengalenga, mayesero kunachitika ndi gawo mwezi.

4. May 1969 - "Apollo 10". Adalira adawafotokozera ankafika, akuponya ndi okwera makilomita 15 kuchokera pamwamba pa Kanema Dziko Lapansi.

5. Flight kwa Moon mu 1969, July 2 - "Apollo 11". oyendetsa anali kuwatumiza pamwamba pa Kanema dziko lapansi.

Pambuyo pake, NASA imachitika landings angapo pa mwezi. Komabe, mu 1972, Achimereka tsekani onse a ntchito yake kugwirizana ndi mnzake wa Earth. Potsatira US "mwezi pulogalamu" anaimitsidwa mu USSR. Pambuyo spaceflight kuti anali kenanso. Osati kwathunthu bwino mpaka tsopano, chifukwa asiya popita ku mwezi? chifukwa chake chinali chiyani?

"Chikondwererochi Program" wa USSR

Koma USSR, pali nkhani ndi mavuto pulogalamu anali sadder kwambiri. Mosiyana ndi ku America, Russia zikusautsa ndi zolephera. Asayansi wa USSR sanathe kulenga zinachitika ntchito TV wamphamvu. Mtima wa polojekiti mwezi unali SP Korolev. Pambuyo pa imfa yake, udindo wa Soviet Union lafika poipa kwambiri. The USSR anapatsa mphamvu zonse njira yoyamba kufufuza malo, ndi "Moon Ntchito" chabe analibe mphamvu ngakhale njira kapena mwayi. Zouluka wokayenda pamwezi pa mwezi zimenezo zinali sangathe.

USSR konse anafika pa dziko lapansili ya Kanema adalira wanu. Chifukwa izo zinachitika, palibe amene sangathe kuyankha. ofufuza Mwina Russian ataya chidwi ndi sankafunanso kufufuza gawo latsopano. Ndi nthawi yochuluka ya ndalama allocated yomanga maroketi ndi mapadi Launch anathera. The chombo, omwe ankakonzekera kuuluka aphunzitsidwa mokwanira, ndi kumanga mtengo wa nthandala, monga momwe chilengedwe cha yoponya mabomba asilikali. Komanso, kutsekera kwa "pulogalamu mwezi" - lalikulu ndalama ndalama. Ndiye n'chifukwa Soviet Union ndi United States kuti inaimitsidwa chitukuko m'dera lino?

kufufuza za Moon

Ndiye n'chifukwa asiya popita ku mwezi, kodi anapezeka padziko? Kufufuza osadziŵika zochitika akhazikitsidwa magulu sayansi. Iwo wapangidwa ndi ogwira ntchito kwambiri oyenerera okha amene adzalandira zinachitikira ndithu ndi chidziwitso zogwirizana. Bungweli unakhazikitsidwa kwa nthawi yoyamba mu US kumayambiriro 1965. Panthawi imeneyi, iwo anazindikiritsidwa ndi kuliika kwambiri za zinthu zovuta kuzimvetsa ndi zochitika osadziŵika padziko ndi mwezi kanjira. Ambiri anomalies basi musataye mafotokozedwe.

Ngakhale izi, wachitika si ndege wina mwezi. The USSR ndi United States anali odziwa bwino za chododometsa osadziŵika, koma ntchito akupitiriza. M'malo mwake, ndi anomaly ndi chidwi chachikulu, ndi asayansi ambiri anafuna kudziwa kwake kuti nthawi zina zambiri.

Kodi akhoza kuphunzira?

Ntchito US mwezi, komanso kufufuza asayansi ambiri anaulula padziko Kanema dziko lathuli kukhala zochitika osadziŵika. About anomalies awa ankadziwa America ndi Russian. Komabe, chombo ambiri ndanena kuti padziko mwezi zimachitika zinthu zopatsa chidwi ndi zachilendo. Pakati pawo sankawabisira osati cheza owala, komanso mfundo za kuwala, nthawi kupita kanjira mwezi. makulidwe awo zinali zazikulu kwambiri. Iwo overflew Kanema dziko lapansi, kenako inatera. Koma si onse.

Mu 1968, zaka za m'ma otsiriza, chikalata lisanalengedwe, amatchedwa "kuchuluka uthenga m'ndandanda wa zochitika mwezi." Pa kufufuza cha Moon Zavumbulutsidwa za 579 anomalies. mndandanda kumaphatikizapo: anazimiririka zimaphala zapadera zojambula akalumikidzidwa wa mawonekedwe zonse, lalikulu kukula kwa mzikiti, amene kusintha mtundu, mipiringidzo mtundu, kusunthira pa liwiro pafupifupi 6 makilomita pa ora, zinthu losonyeza ndi zina zotero.

Kuwulutsa loyamba

Pamene NASA anapezerapo wina "Apollo", cholinga umene unali ankafika pa Moon, hams ambiri penyani kwa kanthawi, kumvetsera wailesi kuulutsa nkhani adalira ndi Houston. zizindikiro loyamba la ichi ndi nthawi imene ndege oyendetsa ndi chinachake kubisa ndipo kumaliza. Ena hams kutali monga Australia ndi Switzerland anatha kugwira zokambirana chombo pa mafurikwense ena. Yoweyula wotsatira wa oyendetsa ikunenedwa si zodabwitsa zomveka ndithu.

zaka pokhapokha 10 Moris Shatlen, amene ali mlengi wa zipangizo momwe "pulogalamu mwezi," anavomereza kuti analipo pa nkhani Houston ndi chombo. Iye anatsimikizira kuti Armstrong anatchula zinthu zimene anamuchitira ndegeyo.

Amene anaulukira kwa mwezi, analankhula za anomalies osadziŵika. Choyamba, izo tanenera ena atilakwira ili pafupi kwambiri ndi ikamatera malo. Ena mwa zinthu zimatulutsa kuwala. Pafupifupi colorless ndi anayambitsa mkati kapena kunja. chombo ambiri takamba zoti chinachake anawona, koma nkhani zimenezi sizingathe chifukwa cha wolembetsa nondisclosure pangano.

Kale patapita "mwezi pulogalamu" chatsekedwa, NASA akatswiri anavomereza kuti anthu oposa 20, mamembala a anthu okonza osiyanasiyana, umboni pamaso pa UFOs padziko Moon ali. Komanso, ndi Earth Observatory, izo anatsimikizira kuti "Apollo 12" anali limodzi ndi ena zinthu chiyambi zakuthambo.

umboni

mfundo zonse zimene zatchulidwa pamwambapa akusonyeza kuti akuluakulu NASA ankadziwa kuti padziko mwezi alipo chinachake chidwi ndi zovuta kuzimvetsa kwa anthu. Maulendo wotsatira ndi utumwi "Apollo" - Ndi kuyesa kuphunzira anapezazo ndi kumvetsa icho chiri. Umboni wa Baibulo izi pang'ono. Mapale muyenera kukhala chithunzithunzi chimene chinapangidwa J. zakuthambo. Wilson pafupifupi zaka 10 pamaso pa ndege yoyamba. Mu chithunzi zotsatirazi zouluka chinthu 34, amene kutambasula pamwamba mwezi. Ngakhale asayansi sanathe kupereka yankho mabuku ku funso la icho chiri.

chachinsinsi Moon

N'chifukwa chiyani anasiya zouluka mwezi, pamwamba anali zinthu zambiri zosangalatsa ndi zosamvetsetseka? Kuyankha funso limeneli ndi kovuta kwambiri. Komanso, ambiri zokhudza zinthu pa Moon koma wachinsinsi. Koma kwa zinthu zilipo, mukhoza kuona kuti pamwamba pa dziko Kanema athu ambiri zochitika nthenda. Apa ife anawona zizindikiro zodabwitsa kuti anatsala, nthawi zambiri galimoto. Komanso pamwamba pa mwezi boulders zikuluzikulu zinali kuonekera, amene angathe popanda mayina thandizo kuchokera zimaphala lapansi. Chombo ndaona zinthu ooneka ngati galimoto, maphompho wodzazidwa ndi midadada mwala, mabowo m'mbali yosalala ndi kumathandiza kupeza ngodya zabwino komwe kwathunthu kumatha Chigwa ake mapangidwe, ndi zambiri.

zochitika amenewa kwakukulu. Zithunzi za zinthu zosamveka bwino n'zotheka kuganiza kuti Moon analipo kapena awonongedwa zamoyo wanzeru. Asayansi ambiri amakhulupirira kuti pali dziko lonse kufufuza kuti sizingatheke pansi padziko Kanema Dziko Lapansi. Komanso, asayansi ambiri ndipo chombo anaona zinthu wowala kuti ikuyenda mu kanjira wa Moon.

Kuti oimira anauza ku NASA

Mu March 1996 mwamawu NASA ndi izo zinapangidwa, ponena kuti pa Moon (amati) pali nyumba ena mwa chongopeka. Akafunsidwa chifukwa motalika chinabisidwa onse, oimira gulu ananena kuti zinali zovuta kuona mmene mungachitire anthu Earth pa mawu amenewa. Komanso pali zifukwa zina.

Dziwani kuti ngakhale pambuyo atchedwe ndi mapepala ambiri akhala declassified. Munthu aliyense padziko lapansi amene angaone zithunzi za zinthu zachilendo. Komabe, kafufuzidwe enieni muyenera kudziwa chiwerengero chenicheni cha chithunzi. Dziŵani mfundo zimenezi sizingatheke. Komanso, Archive lili zithunzi zambiri, kuonera omwe si wotchipa.

Comments pakuona

chidwi kwambiri ndemanga pa kutsekedwa kwa "mwezi" ntchito anapanga mlengi wa "Apollo" Wernher von Braun. Malinga ndi iye, pa Moon, pali zakuthambo chitukuko sakhudzidwa anthu kukhala, wamphamvu kwambiri. zombo zawo ali opambana zimaonekera osati kukula komanso ukadaulo. Malinga ndi Armstrong, anthu chabe momveka bwino kuti gawo lawo azigwira. Pachifukwa ichi kuti flights kwa Moon anali mipingo.

pomaliza

Ambiri samazindikira chifukwa chake kubisa deta za mwezi. Kupezeka kwa mitundu zakuthambo moyo, komanso kulowa ake azikumana amapereka mpata zatsopano omwe amathandiza kuti chitukuko cha umisiri, chilengedwe cha zida zatsopano ndi kutsegulidwa kwa mphamvu zina. Kumene, kuwerengetsera a mphamvu ziwiri zinali zolakwika. Pazifukwa zina, tinasiya flights zonse mwezi, ndi zaka zoposa 30 padziko osafikiridwa ndi manja a anthu. Komabe, malinga ndi asayansi, danga ndege yafika.