Myopia - ndi "kuphatikiza" kapena "opanda"? Ntchito pa diso: myopia

Ophthalmologists zambiri kumva kwa odwala funso: "Myopia - ndi" kuphatikiza "kapena" opanda Ndipo izo siziri za nyota kapena demerits imeneyi chodabwitsa pathological "?". Ndithudi, palibe wabwino, ngati munthu anapezeka ndi myopia. Mfundo "kuphatikiza" kapena "opanda" ayenera kugula Pankhaniyi - kuti zofuna za odwala.

tanthauzo

Myopia (patali dzina zachipatala) - ndi zachilendo kudwala refractive zolakwika, zomwe zinachititsa mapangidwe zithunzi za zinthu kutsogolo kwa diso amapezeka. Anthu ndi matenda pafupi ndi kuwona bwino, koma patali - ziri zoyipa. Kumalekezero zinthu zikuoneka anangotengeka iwo, sawona bwinobwino, mwa cholinga. Imagwera pansipa acuity wina zithunzi.

Gawo

Munthu chawonjezeka diso kutalika matenda ofananira myopia. Ngati diso lili lalikulu refractive mphamvu imene aumbike yaing'ono Utali, akufotokozera refractive myopia. Monga ulamuliro, mitundu iwiri amaphatikizidwa ndi alipo pa nthawi yomweyo.

Mitundu ya myopia, malinga ndi mmene wotsikirapo zithunzi acuity:

• ofooka - mpaka diopters atatu;
• pafupifupi - mpaka diopters asanu;
• amphamvu - mpaka diopters asanu.

Madeti ndi zimayambitsa

Myopia angathe pa m'badwo uliwonse, koma nthawi zambiri kwa nthawi yoyamba ameneyu amapezeka mu ana a zaka zisanu ndi ziwiri kwa khumi. Mu unyamata nthawi kumatheka mwa patali. Olimba a masomphenya kumachitika pakati pa zaka za zaka khumi ndi makumi anayi.

Zimayambitsa myopia sanazimvetsebe mpaka tsopano. Koma ena mfundo zoopsa anapereka, womwenso:

• Chibadwa. Mu nkhani ngati makolo anu onse ali pafupi, Mwina kudziwika myopia mwana pansi zaka khumi ndi zisanu ndi zitatu zakubadwa kuchuluka peresenti makumi asanu. Ngati makolo onse ndi masomphenya wabwinobwino, chiopsezo myopia mwana peresenti isanu ndi itatu yokha. Asayansi amakhulupirira kuti chibadwa mu kaphatikizidwe kolajeni (connective minofu mapuloteni) kuti ali wofunikila Kapangidwe ka sclera (diso), kudziwa nambala ya zopindika. Kupanda micronutrients zosiyanasiyana koyenera kuti kaphatikizidwe sclera, mu chakudya zingachititse kupitirira wa myopia.
• Eyestrain. Kwambiri ndiponso yaitali nkhawa, pachithunzichi makhalidwe malo polemba ndi kuwerenga, osauka kuunikira pa ntchito overreliance pa kompyuta ndi TV - zonsezi amakwiya myopia. Izi ndi kuphatikiza kapena opanda, pamene mwana akamayankha kwambiri? Ku maganizo a chitukuko lake laluntha, ndithudi, kuphatikiza. Koma ndi kuyankha ngati silili mu mawu a thanzi. Monga ulamuliro, myopia akufotokozera pamene wayamba sukulu.
• Kusagwiritsa uphungu. Pamene mavuto oyamba yomweyo ikuchitika masomphenya uphungu. Pamene overvoltage amapezeka myopia minofu diso, pakalibe chilango kumabweretsa Kukula kwa matendawa, ndipo ngakhale kwa syndrome "waulesi diso" (amblyopia) ndi strabismus. Amathandizanso kuonjezera osiyanasiyana myopia kwambiri "amphamvu" magalasi kukhudzana kapena magalasi.

mwapang'onopang'ono myopia

chikhalidwe ichi amawapeza pamene chaka myopia chinawonjezeka ndi diopter umodzi kapena kuposerapo. Tima kudwala kwambiri m'kati mwa ana a zaka sukulu, chifukwa mu nthawi ya maphunziro amalandira amphamvu zithunzi katundu. Komanso, nthawi yomweyo kukula mwachangu chamoyo, makamaka maso. Elongation mu anteroposterior malangizo a mwana wa diso, mu zina pamafunika khalidwe pathological, kutanthauza detachment ndi misozi retinal, kusowa mphamvu ya diso minofu, vitreous opacities.

Anthu ndi myopia osavomerezeka kuti zikugwira ntchito yokhudzana ndi zolemera kapena tilting mutu kunsi pa iye akufunitsitsa malo ogona, masewera zofuna thupi inagwedezeka (ogwetsana kulumpha, nkhonya, etc.). Zimenezi akhoza osati kuyambitsa retinal detachment, ndipo ngakhale khungu.

Progressive kudwala pang'onopang'ono irreversibly kumasintha mbali yaikulu ya diso Kakhungu ndipo kwambiri kumachepetsa zithunzi acuity. Ngati wapezeka zotumphukira retinal alibe, chifukwa mu detachment ake, laser coagulation diso chofunika.

Kupewa myopia

Pofuna kupewa chitukuko cha myopia, mwapadera ayenera linaperekedwa kwa mode kuyatsa. Diso kupsyinjika lizisunga yekha mu kuwala wabwino. Muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pamwamba kuunikira ndi tebulo nyali ndi mphamvu sikisite - zana Watts. nyali fulorosenti polemba, kuwerenga sangathe ntchito.

Muyeneranso konza mwanjira pampanipani thupi ndi masomphenya. Makalasi imakhudzana ndi diso kupsyinjika ayenera Njira ndi kusuntha, yogwira zosangalatsa. Pamene myopia ndi kuchepa acuity zithunzi mpaka diopters atatu thupi, monga ulamuliro, si zochepa. Mu myopia zolimbitsa kuti chaukali zoletsedwa kulumpha ndi zolemera. Ntchito, kuonetsanso eyestrain, tikulimbikitsidwa pa mphindi makumi awiri kuti makumi atatu kuchita Zochita pa maso anu. Kupewa myopia ayenera kuchitika ana onse a zaka sukulu.

chithandizo ndiwofatsa

Pali zingapo zimene mungachite kuti masomphenya kukonzedwa kwa myopia. Chinthu choyamba chimene muyenera kuchita - kugwiritsa ntchito maso kupeza magalasi. Pakuti myopia amakhala ndi kuwonongeka kwa masomphenya a zinthu zimene muli kutali, kotero muyenera kugwiritsa ntchito magalasi ndi "opanda" chizindikiro. Komanso, kuyang'aniridwa ndi katswiri n'kofunika kuchita maphunziro a minofu kuti apeze myopia kumafuna overvoltage. Events monga instillation wa mankhwala, laser kukondoweza Zochita wapadera diso, video kompyuta masomphenya uphungu.

Osati kamodzikamodzi kuposa miyezi sikisi iliyonse, m'pofunika kuchita matenda ophthalmologic - anayeza ntchito gawo kotenga ya zida diso ultrasound. Kukonzekera ntchito nthawi yaitali, chifukwa zovuta kukonza patali. Ndi, mwa zina, kuchita miyeso zobwezeretsa: kuchita khosi kutikita, kusambira, kutenga douche. Komabe, chilichonse ayenera mgwirizano ndi maso a.

A mbali yaikulu pa matenda a myopia chimagwira zakudya moyenerera ndiponso moyenera. Pa zomwe mavitamini kuti maso ndi myopia, kukambirana pansipa.

Kukonzekera ayambe

Kupeza zida zambiri Integrated, amene ali ndi zonse mavitamini zofunika diso kwa myopia.

• "Lutein zovuta" - mankhwala akutumikira monga gwero zina zakudya ndi mchere kuti ziwalo masomphenya. Pamene myopia bwino boma la diso zinchito. ophunzira analimbikitsa ndi akulu amene amagwira ntchito pa kompyuta kwa nthawi yaitali.
• "Vitrum Masomphenya" - zikutanthauza kuti ophthalmologists amalangiza kuti agwiritse ntchito kupewa myopia, komanso amene akugwira ntchito zipinda mdima.

mavitamini

Kuwonjezera mankhwala, Sales mulinso ndi mavitamini thandizo kubwezeretsa masomphenya. Mwina chofunika kwambiri iwo ali bilberry Tingafinye. Zipatso ndi masamba izi sosudoprotektornoe chomera zokolola ndi antioxidant tingati kumalimbitsa khoma mtima, potero kuwonjezeka elasticity ndi kuchepetsa capillary fragility, kupewa chitukuko cha maso, bwino magazi kuti diso. Bilberry Tingafinye ayenera kumwedwa osati kokha kwa anthu ndi myopia, komanso anthu amene amadwala matenda ena diso.

Chida chofunika kwambiri pa matenda a myopia ndi mavitamini A, B2, B12, B6, C kuzigwiritsira ntchito zonse muyenera mu zovuta za - kotero mudzatha ziziyenda ndipo ngakhale patsogolo zithunzi acuity zotheka.

Kuvala magalasi?

Tsopano mukudziwa kale kuti nkhani imene myopia - ndi "kuphatikiza" kapena "opanda", ndi oyenera pa anthu magalasi kudwala chizindikiro kapena magalasi kukhudzana. Nanga njira chilango ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito? Mwina yankho lachidule palibe. Ndipo munthu, ndi njira zina ali ndi ubwino ndi kuipa. Koma zinthu oyamba.

masewera

Lero akadali njira ambiri chilango masomphenya. Komabe, magalasi zidaperedwa kwa mwiniwake kwambiri za mavuto: iwo amakhala nkhungu, kugwa, Wopanda, zauve, ndi kulowerera pa masewera kapena ntchito ina iliyonse. Komanso, mfundo mtheradi Musapereke masomphenya uphungu. Iwo kwambiri kuchepetsa mbali masomphenya kuphwanya okhudza malo maganizo ndi zotsatira stereoscopic, omwe ndi ofunika kwambiri kwa madalaivala. Ngati mudzagwa kapena kuwonongeka inasokoneza magalasi zingachititse kuvulala kwambiri. Ndipo ngati inu zoipa kutola, mutsimikizira nokha kupitilira wosatha wa myopia ndi mavuto diso. Ndipo komabe, ngakhale zolakwa, magalasi onse - njira zophweka kwambiri, mtengo ndiponso otetezeka kukonza masomphenya.

magalasi kukhudzana

Sports ndi anthu yogwira amakonda akukonda kukonzedwa njira. Inde, pamaso magalasi ndi magalasi ndi chiwerengero cha ubwino chogwirika. Iwo saletsa ndi zinthu zakuthupi ndi angapereke ngakhale anthu ambiri lamya ku moyo wabwinobwino. Komabe kuvala magalasi, nayenso, ndi zinadzala ndi kuipa. Ambiri sitingapeze azolowere kuti pa maso awo pali chinthu chatsopano, ndi munthu kapena kukumana sayanjana. Ngakhale pali maganizo kuti mandala wosuta nthaŵi zonse pa diso lofiira. Koma si vuto. Anthu amene amagwiritsa ntchito njira imeneyi ya kukonzedwa, ku chiopsezo cha matenda oyamba matenda, kuphatikizapo kwambiri, zomwe zingasokoneze imfa wathunthu wa amatha kuona. Contraindicated avale magalasi m'nthawi ya aliyense, ngakhale lightest chimfine. Mwa zina, n'zovuta ndi ndondomeko ya unsembe awo / kuchotsa: ndi zosasangalatsa ndithu, koma choipa koposa, panthawi kwambiri inopportune, disolo akhoza kuchokamo.

Chifukwa cha zovuta awa ndiwofatsa kusintha masomphenya a anthu ambiri amakonda amachita ndi njira yotero ya mankhwala opareshoni pa diso. Myopia ndi choonadi akhoza kuchotsedwa mwa opaleshoni. Kodi? Ndani angafotokoze.

zozungulira keratotomy

Mfundo ngati opareshoni mwamsanga 1951, chaka akufuna dokotala ku Japan, Sato. njira Kenako kuimaliza kukonza mwatsatanetsatane IRTC "Diso Microsurgery". Zozungulira keratotomy ndi kusintha mawonekedwe corneal ndi breaching pa periphery corneal "zenera" chabwino diamondi mpeni osaya notches. Chifukwa ndi mandala kukhala osiyana (chisanadze Calculated) refractive mphamvu. opaleshoni sikumangotikhudza zoni chapakati, choncho nkomwe amachititsa mavuto monga, mwachitsanzo, kuchepetsa chilungamo corneal kapena kusamutsidwa kwa pakati kuwala. Nthawi zina, ngakhale chokumbukira zoopsa kapena kobadwa nako astigmatism angathe kuthetsedwa mu njira iyi. Ndipo kuphatikiza wina - kudzudzula ndi mtengo kwambiri kuposa laser. Opaleshoni othandiza pa nkhani ya myopia ndi kuchepa acuity zithunzi kuchokera imodzi diopters anayi kapena asanu. Panopa, akatswiri zoweta ndi achilendo amalangiza njira imeneyi opaleshoni kuti kuwongolera masomphenya monga zothandiza kwambiri, wodalirika komanso otetezeka. Mu 85 peresenti ya keratotomy zozungulira chimathandiza acuity zithunzi diopters 0.5 kapena kuposa.

LASIK

Iyi ndi otetezeka ndipo amagwira bwino ntchito pa diso. Myopia - si kudwala yekha amene angathe kusintha m'njira, koma nthawi zambiri ndi ntchito kukonza myopia. limagwirira ndi motere: Kugwiritsa ntchito chida chapadera, ndi microkeratome, mu wosanjikiza kuteteza diso la kupanga vavu aang'ono, ndiyeno chamunthuyo excimer laser homogeneous zigawo lamkati la diso kuti akuya kofunika kuti atipatse kupindika ankafuna. Kenako, wosanjikiza zoteteza amagwanso malo ake. Opaleshoni limalola malangizo a myopia ndi kuchepa zithunzi acuity 15 diopters ndi kuchepetsa nthawi konzanso kwa masiku angapo. Ngati myopia ndi wamphamvu kwambiri (kuposa 15 diopters), LASIK ali osavomerezeka chifukwa pa ntchito yoopsa kupatulira wa diso lapansi. Ndi digiri uyu wa myopia zitha kuthandiza implantation ya mandala intraocular.