Mowa nayonso

nayonso mphamvu mowa ndi maziko mafakitale zosiyanasiyana chakudya - moŵa, vinyo kupanga, kupanga mowa. Zimenezi ndi zofunika chakudya kuphika, kupanga mkaka thovu, mankhwala zakudya. Mowa nayonso mphamvu ya chakudya ndi kusamukira ku carbon dioxide, Mowa ndi mbali zina. Mu ndondomeko ya anaerobic kuwononga zinthu zambiri zovuta kuti mphamvu chosavuta adzamasulidwa.

Tizilombo-activators cha ndondomekoyi ndi yisiti zambiri za saharomitses mtundu. Mu mapangidwe zina zoledzeretsa nayonso mphamvu akhoza imfayo ena bowa ndi mabakiteriya. Mwachindunji kusonkhezera yisiti kukula ndondomeko anapereka Pasteur. Buchner Zitatero, Liebig ndi Lebedev anasonyeza kuti mowa nayonso mphamvu zotheka popanda iwo (yisiti) nawo, ngakhale popanda kugwiritsa ntchito foni-free zigawo enzymatic zichokera kwa iwo. Katundu wa ena tizilombo toyambitsa matenda kuononga iwo kapena zina chakudya anapanga maziko ndondomeko ambiri a zikhalidwe ndi chizindikiritso cha wothandizila tizilombo toyambitsa matenda.

Tsopano kukhazikika bwino kuti zimam'patsa kusintha kwa zigawo zina akuimira chiwerengero cha redox ndi zina zosiyanasiyana zomwe zidzachitike sequentially. Pali mitundu yosiyanasiyana ya nayonso mphamvu. Mothandizidwa ndi yisiti ndondomeko Chophweka amapezeka dzuwa yosavuta - fructose ndi shuga.

Nkhani yotsirizira n'kofunika kwambiri. Choncho, pamene sauerkraut, mkaka, nkhaka akudutsa lactic nayonso mphamvu ya shuga. The ndondomeko amapezeka silage. Ngati misa silage losindikizidwa mokwanira, mpweya likulowerera. Imawalamulira akuyamba butyric asidi nayonso mphamvu. Chifukwa cha ndondomekoyi, chakudya amakhala unusable.

Pamene kupanga mowa ntchito mowa nayonso mphamvu ya shuga.

Maltose, sucrose Angagwiritsidwenso pansi ndondomeko. Poyamba pali hydrolysis awo kugwiritsa ntchito yisiti. Choncho anapanga monosaccharides.

Lactose (mkaka shuga) adzatengedwe nkhati kwa chimbudzi kokha mitundu ina ya yisiti.

Glycogen, wowuma ndi zina chakudya ndi dongosolo zovuta zambiri osati pansi ndondomeko. Poyamba akukumana enzymatic kapena acidic hydrolysis njira. Chifukwa cha zimenezi, iwo anataya bata awo ndipo amakhudzidwa ndi yisiti.

Yisiti n'kumugawa m'magulumagulu okha ndi zipangizo zachilendo m'chilengedwe. Zikupezeka zipatso ndi zipatso, mphesa. Mu nthawi ya chilimwe, iwo alipo ambiri mpweya ndi nthaka.

Yisiti lagawidwa zakutchire ndi otukuka. Kuitana womaliza zinthu zimene ntchito luso malinga ndi khalidwe kapena zabwino zina. Choncho Mwachitsanzo, ntchito akamayamba zinthu angathe kufotokozera mowa, motero kukupatsa kukoma okoma ndi kukoma. Mphesa ankanjenjemera kupanga maluwa wapadera. Dzinthu yisiti ofunika cha luso lawo kuchulukitsa mwachangu komanso katundu wa mtanda bwino kumasula. Wild zinthu zomwezo adzalandira chofooka luso fermentative. Iwo ndi zigawo zikuluzikulu zomwe zimatipatsa zovutitsa fungo ndi kukoma.

The ndondomeko ya kusintha shuga mu carbon dioxide, Mowa ndi mbali zina ndi kovuta. Pamodzi ndi zinthu zimenezi ndi nayonso mphamvu limodzi ndi mapangidwe zina umatuluka. Makamaka mu buku linapangidwa asidi acetic acid succinic, acetaldehyde, glycerol. Kupangidwa ngati mafuta fusel. zigawo izi ndi zosakaniza isomers wa apamwamba alcohols: butyl, isobutyl, amyl, ndi ena. Komanso, mtundu zinthu zomwe, ngakhale ndalama mphindi zingakhudze kukoma, kupereka kukoma yeniyeni mowa ndi mankhwala ena.