Chidziwitso kuwerenga maganizo, kuwerenga maganizo a magulu a mitundu

zamaganizo Modern tsopano ogaŵikana m'madera ambiri zikusintha mu kuchuluka kwa deta latsopano la sayansi. sayansi Izi zokwanira asayansi wamng'ono, zamaganizo, choncho nthawi zonse kusintha yake ndi zina. Mwa kuphunzira gulu woonda monga moyo, kuwerenga maganizo sayansi sangakhale malo amodzi, chifukwa n'kovuta kwambiri kufufuza ndi kutsimikizira kovuta ntchito njira za makolo. Kuwonjezera nazale, zaka, Social Psychology tsopano mwakhama kukulitsa chidziwitso kuwerenga maganizo, kuwerenga maganizo a magulu a anthu.

Chidziwitso zamaganizo wasankha phunziro nkhani momwe munthu amawonekera, momwe iye afika zokhudza dziko, mmene nkhaniyi kusungidwa mu kukumbukira, ndiponso mmene khalidwe la munthu. Chidziwitso zamaganizo amakhulupirira kuti cholinga kumvetsa waukulu wa chikhalidwe cha malingaliro.

Mu 50 ntchentche. 20 m'ma, asayansi ayamba kukhala phunziro la zokumbukira, chidwi, njira chinenero, zithunzi, etc. Ichi chinali chifukwa zifukwa izi cholinga ..:

- Gawo la behaviorism malo, zomwe zikuwoneka pa khalidwe la munthu ngati anachita zikuchitika, koma analephera.

- zikamera ndi chiphunzitso cha kulankhulana, kuti maonekedwe ake chikwiyire mndandanda wa zinthu zatsopano kuphunzira zizindikiro, mudziwe chiphunzitso ndi chidwi, mwachitsanzo m'madera amenewa, amene anaphunzira ndi kuwerenga maganizo chidziwitso.

- mu zilankhulo ano, njira zatsopano nyumba ya kalembedwe ndi chinenero.

- Cybernetics makamaka chilengedwe cha nzeru zochita kupanga anapanga ukasintha anasintha maganizo awo pa processing ndi kusunga nkhani pa pamtima, ndi zina zotero ..

Chidziwitso zamaganizo limagwiritsa ntchito zake chitsanzo kafukufuku wa processing zambiri, zomwe amaona kuphunzira kukhala ndi mndandanda wa magawo, omwe akhoza ankayimiridwa ngati munthu Wonenedwa, ndi chiwerengero cha munthu co-mpheto pamene adalowa zambiri. Kungoganiza kuti poyankha chochitika ndi atsopano pa nkhani masitepe amenewa. Nthaŵi iliyonse ya magawo amenewa kusanthula mfundo analandira kwa gawo m'mbuyomu. Ngakhale koyamba gawo kudziwa zosatheka, chifukwa iwo n'zogwirizana.

Panopa, kuwerenga maganizo chidziwitso amagwiritsa ntchito njira ndi maphunziro a 10 m'madera osiyana kafukufuku: kukumbukira, chidwi, m'maganizo, chinenero ntchito, kakulidwe kuwerenga maganizo, maganizo ndi kuzindikira dongosolo, yokumba ndi anthu nzeru, maganizo, etc.

gulu Psychology

Mu Social Psychology kumaphatikizapo gawo lonse zoyenera ndi kuwerenga maganizo kafukufuku gulu. Chigawo chino amaphunzira makhalidwe a anthu ndi anthu makamaka mu gulu momwe kulankhulana ndi anzake.

Gulu ndi mndandanda wa anthu ogwirizana ndi chikhalidwe, za m'banja, chuma, ndi zina zotero. N. Relations. Ndiko kuti, anthu ogwirizana pa malo alionse ndipo amaona kuti izo.

Magulu ang'ono ndi lalikulu. Magulu ang'onoang'ono monga 2 kapena zambiri. Iwo agawidwa m'magulu kuti makonzedwe ndi lenileni. Gulu lenileni nawonso akhoza kugawidwa mu osankhidwa ndi osasankhidwa, situational ndi khola ndi zina zotero .. Munthu amadziwika ndi magulu angapo nthawi imodzi :. School, kalabu, street Company, etc ...

Tsankho Psychology

buku lakuti "The Psychology ya anthu ndi misa," lolembedwa ndi Gustavom Lebonom wakhala Buku kwa olamulira a m'nthawi ya 20 ndi andale ziribe kanthu momwe mwina akwaniritsa mphamvu. Iwo Lebon akuyerekeza kulemera ndi khamu ndi kupereka gulu lawo. Ndiponso izo zikusonyeza kuti dziko ali pakhomo la "nthawi ya misa." N'kofunika kuti amapereka Lebon mu "Psychology ya anthu ndi misa" wake yatsoka zimango, chitukuko ndi wotsatira kuchepa kwa mitundu (mitundu), komanso udindo wa anthu aakulu ndi malingaliro mu ndondomekoyi.