Carbonate thanthwe: kufotokoza, mbali, kapangidwe ndi gulu

Padziko Lapansi, pali zambiri miyala osiyana. Ena a iwo ofanana zizindikiro, kotero iwo anali kuphatikiza mu zikuluzikulu magulu. Mwachitsanzo, mmodzi wa iwo - ndi carbonate miyala. Zitsanzo zawo ndi gulu kuwerenga nkhaniyi.

Gawo ndi chiyambi

miyala carbonate inakhazikitsidwa m'njira zosiyanasiyana. Pali njira zinayi kukhazikitsa mtundu wa thanthwe.

• Wa mankhwala mpweya. Choncho dolomite kumeneko, marl, miyala ndi siderite.
• A m'dambo biogenic anapanga Mitundu monga ndere ndi laimu matanthwe.
• Anapangidwa kuchokera zinyalala a sandstones ndi conglomerates.
• Recrystallized thanthwe - ndi mitundu ya dolomite ndi za nsangalabwi.

Kapangidwe carbonate miyala

Chimodzi mwa magawo zofunika kwambiri zomwe atengedwa kofunika kupanga thanthwe ndi processing, ndi dongosolo lawo. Mbali yofunika kwambiri ya dongosolo carbonate thanthwe - ndi graininess awo. Izi njira ukugawa thanthwe ku mitundu ingapo:

• Coarse-grained.
• Coarse.
• Sing'anga-grained.
• Zabwino-grained.
• Zabwino-grained.

katundu

Chifukwa chakuti pali zambiri miyala carbonate mtundu, aliyense wa iwo ali ndi katundu chake, chomwe ndi chofunika kwambiri makampani ndi kupanga. Kodi thupi katundu ndi mankhwala a miyala carbonate amadziwika kuti anthu?

• Good solubility mu zidulo. The limestones Kodi kusungunuka chimfine boma, ndipo magnesite ndi siderite - kokha pamene mkangano. Komabe, zotsatira zake zimakhala zofanana.
• Mkulu chisanu kukana ndi zabwino moto kukana - mosakayikira zofunika kwambiri khalidwe la miyala ambiri carbonate.

laimu miyala

thanthwe aliyense carbonate tichipeza calcite mchere magnesite, siderite, dolomite, komanso zosafunika zosiyanasiyana. Chifukwa kusiyana zikuchokera gulu la miyala lagawidwa anthu atatu ang'onoang'ono. Mmodzi wa iwo - laimu.

Yaikulu chigawo chimodzi - calcite, ndipo, malingana ndi zosafunika iwo anawagawa mchenga, dongo, silika ndi ena. Ali mawonekedwe osiyana. chakuti ming'alu pa seams awo Tingaone zipsera ripple ndi mvula, timibulu mchere, amene sungunuka ndi tosaoneka ming'alu. Anajambulapo angakhale osiyana mtundu. Mtundu wamphamvu ndi beige, imvi kapena wachikasu, ndi zosafunika ndi pinki, wooneka kapena Kamaoneka kulocha.

Ambiri laimu miyala ali motere:

• Mel - zofewa kwambiri thanthwe, lomwe mosavuta akuchita izi. Zingakhalenso wosweka mikono kapena pogaya mu ufa. Amaona maonekedwe a anajambulapo manowa. Mel - wapatali zopangira ntchito kupanga zinthu simenti nyumbayi.
• Mbali yokhala ngati tufa - porous friable thanthwe. Ndi mokwanira zosavuta kukhala. Pafupifupi kufunika chomwecho ndi coquina.

Dolomite miyala

Dolomite - thanthwe dolomite mchere amanena oposa 50%. Nthawi zambiri, zili zosafunika wa calcite. Chifukwa cha ichi, inu mukhoza kuona zina mwa kufanana ndi kusiyana pakati pa magulu awiri a miyala kuti: dolomite yeniyeni ya laimu.

Dolomite anajambulapo osiyana ndi anthu amene ali ndi luster yapadera kwambiri. Iwo sakhala sungunuka zidulo. Ngakhale zotsalira za nkhani organic ndi zochepa zofala iwo. Chekeni dolomite limasonyeza Kamaoneka, pinkish, wooneka ndi chikasu mithunzi.

Kodi dolomitic miyala Ambiri? Ndi choyamba, kutaya - lolemererapo thanthwe. Komanso pali Greiner zofewa pinki mtundu, izo chimagwiritsidwa ntchito ya kapangidwe mkati. Teruel - komanso mtundu wa dolomite. mwala uwu ndi kwambiri yomwe imapezeka mu chikhalidwe wakuda zokha, pamene mitundu otsala a gulu utoto mitundu kuwala.

Carbonate-dongo miyala, kapena marl

The zikuchokera miyala carbonate wa mtundu uwu zikuphatikizapo kwambiri dongo, ndicho - pafupifupi 20 peresenti. Palokha, mtundu ndi dzina ili lili zikuchokera losanganikirana. Pa kapangidwe ake zopezeka aluminosilicates (dongo feldspar kuwonongeka mankhwala) komanso kashiamu carbonate, mtundu uliwonse. Carbonate-dongo miyala ndi Transitional kugwirizana pakati pa limestones ndi dongo. Marl mwina ndi dongosolo losiyana, olimba kapena wandiweyani, lotayirira wanthaka. Nthawi zambiri zidzachitika mu mawonekedwe a zigawo zingapo, omwe amakhala ndi zikuchokera yeniyeni.

Apamwamba carbonate thanthwe la mtundu wa ntchito yopanga mwala wosweka. Marl, munali zinyalala wa gypsum ndi wopanda phindu, kotero mtundu umenewu ndi pafupifupi ncho. Ngati mukuziyenereza mtundu uwu wa miyala ndi ena ambiri kuposa china chirichonse ndi ofanana shale ndi siltstone.

anajambulapo

gulu lililonse limapangidwa carbonate thanthwe gulu lotchedwa "anajambulapo". Stone, amene anapereka dzina lake Anthu ambiri amagwiritsa ntchito zosiyanasiyana za mafakitale. Anajambulapo - mtundu wotchuka kwambiri mu gulu. Iwo ali angapo makhalidwe abwino, chifukwa chimene chimagwiritsidwa ntchito.

Pali anajambulapo a mitundu yosiyanasiyana. Izi zidalira pa kuchuluka kwa thanthwe ili oxides chitsulo, chifukwa mankhwala awa utoto Miyala mitundu yambiri. Nthawi zambiri ndi wabulauni, wachikasu ndi wofiira mitundu. Anajambulapo - mwala ndi mokwanira wandiweyani yankholo pansi mu mawonekedwe a zigawo zikuluzikulu. Nthawi zina anapanga phiri lonse, lomwe ndi lofunika zikuluzikulu za thanthwe ili. Bulawuzani zigawo tafotokozazi akhoza kutali ndi mitsinje ndi phompho mabanki. Apa iwo akhoza kuwona bwino.

Anajambulapo angapo katundu kuti kuwasiyanitsa ndi miyala ina. Kusiyanitsa pakati pawo mosavuta. Chophweka njira kuti mukhoza kuchita kunyumba - dontho pa iye vinyo wosasa pang'ono, madontho ochepa. Kenako poslyshatsya waukulu phokoso ndi mpweya kusanduka liyamba. Mu Mitundu zina anachita asidi acetic palibe.

ntchito

Aliyense thanthwe carbonate wakhala ntchito mmunda uliwonse wa malonda. Choncho, pamodzi ndi laimu dolomite ndi magnesite ntchito zitsulo monga kamwazi ndi. Awa ndi mankhwala amene ntchito yadothi zitsulo ku miyala. Ndi thandizo lawo, limatsogolera kutentha yafupika ores, amene amathandiza kuti bwino kupatukana zitsulo ku thanthwe zinyalala.

Chotero carbonate thanthwe, choko, bwino kwa onse aphunzitsi ndi ophunzira, chifukwa ndi thandizo lake, kulemba pa bolodi. Komanso, choko amabisa makoma. Kwa izo anapanga ufa kukonza mano, koma tsopano n'zovuta kuti m'malo pasta.

Anajambulapo ntchito kubala koloko, feteleza nitrogenous ndi calcium carbide. miyala carbonate aliyense mwa mitundu ya malingaliro, monga miyala, ntchito yomanga nyumba, malo mafakitale komanso misewu. Iye anakhala ambiri monga kuyembekezera zinthu ndi akaphatikiza konkire. Amagwiritsidwanso ntchito kubala zowonjezera chakudya ndi mchere ndi machulukitsidwe laimu dothi. Kwa izo Pangani nyumba zingatipunthwitse Mwachitsanzo, miyala ndi makhalidwe. Komanso, mtundu uwu kubala simenti ndi laimu, zomwe ankagwiritsa ntchito mitundu yambiri ya mafakitale, monga mu zitsulo ndi mankhwala.

okhometsa

Pali zoterozo_zisokonezo zosiyanasiyana miyala monga okhometsa. Iwo ndi mphamvu, chomwe chimathandiza kuti madzi, mafuta, ndi kutembenukira kwa kanthawi kuwapatsa kumbuyo chitukuko. Zachitikiranji zimenezi? chakuti chiwerengero cha thanthwe ali ndi dongosolo porous, ndi khalidwe limeneli chikuzika. Ndi kuyamika porosity, iwo akhoza kumakhalamo ambiri mafuta ndi gasi.

Carbonate miyala - apamwamba okhometsa. The bwino mu gulu zake dolomite, anajambulapo ndi choko. 42 peresenti ya posungira ntchito mafuta ndi gasi mosungiramo 23 peresenti - carbonate. Izi miyala zatenga chachiwiri pambuyo clastic.