Ndalama - mfundo chiphunzitso zachuma

Kumanga zonse kupanga (mwachitsanzo mu zinthu komanso njira zake), komanso ntchito patsogolo padera likulu mafakitale, mtundu umene kayendedwe ndi ndalama za ulimi. Izi ndi ndalama za chuma chuma kuti wazamalonda amathera kutulutsa malonda awo.

Maganizo amenewa chiphunzitso cha ndalama zochokera kuganiza kuti zinthu zili ndi malire ndipo muyenera kuyang'ana njira zina amagwiritsa ntchito. chakuti kusankha njira imeneyo udzabala katundu, amachititsa imfa madalitso amene akhoza zopezera ntchito njira yoyenera chuma, pezani koposa zonse zitheka.

Pa nkhani imeneyi, magulu awiri kugawana ndalama ndipo iwo ali kunja (zolaula) ndipo mkati (zobisika).

Link (ndalama mwachindunji) - ndiwo kupita kulipira chuma chuma - kupeza zipangizo, zipangizo, ntchito zoyendera misonkhano ntchito. sapulaya awo sali eni kampaniyo.

Internal (mozungulira) mtengo - ndiwo amene amapita ku ntchito chuma cha, awo zaulere. Zikuphatikizapo revenues amene wamalonda sanapeze pa yabwino kwambiri ntchito zina chuma chake. ndalama Internal - komanso ndi ndalama zochepa kuti chofunika kwa wazamalonda ndi kupitiriza ntchito mu dera la bizinesi.

Zosiyanasiyana ndalama mwachindunji kapena kudzera m'njira zina akuimira njira ziwiri kumvetsa chikhalidwe cha ndalama kampani.

1. Malawi njira. Imakhala kwa kulanda ndalama mwachindunji. Iwo analipira yomweyo pambuyo chiphaso cha inivoyisi kapena waybill. ndalama mlandu amaoneka mu muyezo pepala la kampaniyo.

2. njira zachuma. Iye enrolls ndalama kupanga onse ndalama mwachindunji kapena kudzera m'njira zina kugwirizana ndi luso logwiritsa ntchito chuma kwanu. Kuyambira yowerengera ndalama zachuma amasiyana kukula mtengo wa zinthu zathu.

Mtengo wa mwayi anataya (zina) - uyu ndi mtengo, amene, poyerekeza ndi mlingo wa chiopsezo, ali apamwamba zotheka malipiro kwa kupanga anasankha kapena khalidwe olimba.

Izi zikutanthauza kuti ndalama zachuma - ndiwo ayenera kupanga wazamalonda kukweza chuma zoyenera ntchito zina. Amaonetsa mtengo wa chuma mungachite yabwino ntchito zawo.

Malinga nyengo ya nthawi imene mungathe kusintha zinthu zachuma kuti olimba amamangirira kutulutsa mtundu wina wa mankhwala amadziŵika:

- ndalama za kampani mu yaitali (ie mu nthawi m'litali, ndiwo zokwanira kusintha zinthu zonse adzaloŵetsedwamo);

- ndalama kampani kwa kanthawi imeneyi (ie, mu imeneyi nthawi, imene sasintha mtundu chimodzi chuma).

mtundu yotsirizira ya ndalama zidzasankhidwa ndi wina nthawi zonse, okwana pafupifupi variable, ndi malire a.

The zokhazikika (kapena quasi-zokhazikika) ndalama zimachitika osayang'ana kusintha linanena bungwe. Izi ndi ndalama za lendi, ntchito yokonza ndodo ntchitoyi.

ndalama variable amagwira zokhudza kusintha linanena bungwe. ndalama Izi mphamvu zopangira, pa malipiro a ogwira ntchito.

Akaphatikiza, kapena ndalama okwana - ndalama ndi olimba kugula ndi kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu zonse kupanga. Iwo zigwirizana Muwerenge ndalama atathana ndi variable.

Avereji ya ndalama ndi kuperekedwa monga ndalama pafupifupi pa botolo la kupanga.

Malire - kuwonjezeka kumeneku ndalama, omwe ankafunika kupereka wagawo zina linanena bungwe.

Nthawi zina zingakhale kuti Makampani chimbalangondo ndi ndalama sizingasinthe. Iwo sangakhoze wodzazidwa ndi amasonyeza:

- anataya mwayi umene kugwirizana ndi mfundo zoyendetsera cholakwika;

- ndalama zimene zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kwa nthawi zonse osati m'malo ngakhale pamene kampani sukukhalakonso (Mwachitsanzo, mtengo wa malonda).