The m'maiko a Dziko Lapansi

M'maiko amatchedwa timapepala yaikulu ya matanthwe a pansi padziko, ambiri mwa limatuluka pamwamba mlingo wa nyanja. maziko awo ndi chokhala kutumphuka. Kodi m'maiko Padziko Lapansi ambiri? Pali zisanu ndi chimodzi: Africa, Europe ndi ku Asia, America South, Antarctica, Australia, North America. Iwo onse zili mu madera osiyana a dziko. Malo okwana kulamulidwa ndi m'maiko a Dziko Lapansi, - 29,1% ya m'dera la dzikoli, kuti ndi 148.647.000 km². Zikuphatikizapo zilumba zomwe zili pafupi.

Europe ndi ku Asia

Europe ndi ku Asia ali buku zazikulu ndi misa kuposa maiko ena padziko lonse. Ndi kusamba nyanja zinayi: kumpoto - kozizira, kum'mwera - Indian, kum'mawa - Pacific, ndi kuchokera kumadzulo - Atlantic. Africa ndi ku Chigawo cha kumpoto cha pakati pa 9 °. d. ndi 169 ° h. d., koma gawo la izo (makamaka Islands) amatanthauza Chigawo kum'mwera, ndipo chochuluka ili mu Chigawo cha kum'mawa. Ndipo kokha mbali kwambiri kum'mawa ndi kumadzulo ndi mu dziko lapansi Western. Eurasian kutalika kwa malire a kum'mwera a 8 zikwi. Km, ndi kuchokera kumadzulo kum'mawa ndi wofanana 16 chikwi. Km. Malo - ≈ miliyoni 54 makilomita lalikulu, lomwe ndi oposa theka la m'dera lonse la dziko Dziko Lapansi .. Chilumba Africa - miliyoni 2,75 makilomita lalikulu .. Africa ndi ku magawo awiri a dziko: Asia ndi Ulaya, malire pakati pawo ikuchitika conventionally.

Kumpoto kwa Africa ndi umaposa kudera lozizira kwambiri. Kumadzulo pa nthawi yake kuchoka ndi Cabo da Roca, kum'mawa - Cape Dezhnev.

America South

Ambiri America South lili hemispheres Kumwera ndi Western, koma mbali yaing'ono ndi kumpoto kwa dziko lapansi. Kumbali ya kumadzulo kwa Africa kutsukidwa ndi madzi a Pacific Ocean ndi Atlantic - kuchokera kummawa. Mu kumpoto, kumalire ndi North America kudzera Caribbean Sea ndi kamtunda kopita ku chilumba cha Panama. Kapangidwe ka kumtunda komanso tipezekemo zilumba zosiyanasiyana.

A Africa kuti ndi chinyezi kuposa ena onse m'maiko a Dziko Lapansi. Total gawo - 17.850.568 makilomita lalikulu, m'dera okwana beseni cha mitsinje Parana, ndi Orinoco ndi Amazon ndi wofanana makilomita lalikulu 9.583.000. Komanso mu South America, ndi yayikulu kwambiri mdziko, Mngelo mathithi Iguazu Falls - amphamvu kwambiri, wapamwamba yodutsira nyanja Titicaca ndi nyanja zina zambiri ndi mathithi.

North America

North America lili kumpoto kwa Western dziko lapansi za padzikoli, kusamba ndi nyanja anayi ndi nyanja zingapo. Kum'mwera ndi wosiyana America South, kamtunda kopita ku chilumba cha Panama, ndi kumadzulo, kuti lagawidwa Europe ndi ku Asia Bering Strait. Pakuti North America pachikhalidwe komanso zilumba zambiri za Aleutian, Vancouver, Greenland, etc. Popanda dera zilumba m'dzikoli ndi wofanana miliyoni 20,4 sq. Km, ndi ku zilumba pafupifupi miliyoni 24,2 sq. Km.

Africa

Africa ndi wachiwiri Africa m'dera padziko lathuli. gombe lake kumpoto kusamba nyanja ya Mediterranean, kumpoto, kum'mawa - Red, ndi kum'mawa, ndi kum'mwera m'mphepete - Indian Ocean ndi kumadzulo - Atlantic Ocean. Ndi Africa kokha, kutalika limene limayamba ndi zone subtropical wa kumpoto ndi kum'mwera subtropical mmwamba. Iwo mitanda zone nyengo zingapo, komanso equator. Kuwonjezera pa gombe m'dzikoli, panali poti lamulo nyengo zachilengedwe chifukwa pakalibe oundana, mapiri ndi aquifer m'dambo osakwanira ulimi wothirira. Africa drier kuposa ena onse m'maiko a Dziko Lapansi.

Antarctica

M'dziko ili kum'mwera kwambiri kwa dziko lapansi. mfundo wofunika ili pafupifupi pa malo osiyanasiyana South Pole. Chile m'malire Kumwera Ocean kumbali zonse. Ndi pafupifupi palibe anthu, chifukwa mavuto nyengo. Antarctica ndi yozizira kwambiri kuposa mayiko ena a Dziko Lapansi. Malo, malo a 14 miliyoni sq. Km, ndi zophimbidwa ndi ayezi ndi chipale chofewa.

Australia

Australia lili kum'mwera ndi kum'mawa hemispheres. m'mphepete mwake kumpoto ndi kum'maŵa osambitsidwa ndi madzi a m'nyanja ya Pacific Ocean, ndi kum'mwera, ndi kumadzulo - Indian Ocean. malo Chile - miliyoni 7.6 makilomita lalikulu .. Mozungulira icho zilumba ngati Tasmania ndi New Guinea.