Monism - kuti .... Lingaliro mtengo mfundo za monism

Monism - ndi nzeru zaumunthu malo amene amazindikira umodzi wa dziko, ndicho kufanana kwa zinthu zonse zopezeka mu izo, ubale iwo ndi zinthu chitukuko cha lonse limene kupanga. Monism - imodzi mwa njira kwa akutchula zosiyanasiyana zochitika dziko mu kuwala kwa mfundo limodzi, maziko wamba onse amene alipo. Zotsutsana za monism ndi dualism, amene amazindikira ziwiri zosiyana palokha poyambira ndi zipani zochokera multiplicity anayamba.

The phindu ndi mtundu wa monism

Pali zenizeni za sayansi ndi nzeru zaumunthu monism. Cholinga cha choyamba - kupeza zodabwitsa wamba mu kalasi ina: masamu, mankhwala, chikhalidwe, thupi, ndi zina zotero. Ntchito yachiwiri - kupeza maziko wamba zochitika zonse zilipo. Ndi chikhalidwe cha chosankha cha funso nzeru zaumunthu, monga chiŵerengero maganizo ndi zochita, monism lagawidwa mitundu itatu:

1. Zotengera malingaliridwe chabe.
2. Chuma.
3. Cholinga chomwe.

Zotengera malingaliridwe idealist amachitira dziko monga zochirikizira maganizo ndi izi amaona mgwirizano. Zakuthupi monism amazindikira dziko cholinga, wosasamalira zochitika zonse monga mawonekedwe a kuli kanthu ndi katundu wake. Cholinga idealist ndipo ankadziwa malingaliro ake, ndi dziko kuti alipo kunja.

Lingaliro la monism

Monism - lingaliro kuti amazindikira maziko a dziko chinthu chimodzi. Kuti ndi nzeru za kukuchititsa zimenezi amachokera mfundo imodzi, monga kuyenera dualism ndi zipani, mayendedwe, sangathe kutsimikizira ubale pakati auzimu ndiponso akuthupi. Njira yothetsera vutoli wa monism amaona umodzi wa dziko, maziko wamba aliko. Malinga ndi zimene chimatengedwa kwa maziko awa lophatikizana ndi ubwamunalo linagawanika mu monism chuma ndipo n'zosatheka.

monism mfundo

Monism amafuna kuchepetsa ndi limodzi mfundo yoyamba ya zosiyanasiyana dziko. pagalimoto Zikuoneka chifukwa cha kusinkhasinkha zonse, ndi kuwonetseredwa pa zoyenda chonsecho ku mbali. chiwerengero cha zinthu pamene akutsegula magawano otere kuchuluka, ndipo zosiyanasiyana awo yafupika. Mwachitsanzo, selo ndi wamkulu kuposa zamoyo, koma mtundu wawo ali ang'onoang'ono. Mamolekyulu kakang'ono kuposa atomu, koma iwo ali osiyanasiyana. Ndi kudutsa ku malire anaganiza kuti ndi kuchepetsa kuchuluka apitirira mu nkhaniyo mwangwiro homogeneous pervosubstrat. Izi ndi mfundo za monism.

Mfundo za monism - kufunafuna ngati mfundo yofunika kwambiri. ntchito imeneyi n'kofunika kwambiri kuyambira pa zikamera wa nzeru za monism. Mwachitsanzo, Heraclitus ankanena kuti zonse unapangidwa moto, Thales - madzi, Democritus - wapangidwa maatomu, ndi zina zotero. Ulendo omaliza kupeza ndi wolungama mfundo yofunika kwambiri pa dziko lapansi lidalengedwa ndi Ernst Haeckel kumapeto kwa zaka za m'ma 19. Apa monga maziko wakhala akufuna efa.

mawonekedwe a monism

Monism - njira yothetsera funso lofunika wa nzeru, ozikidwa pa kumvetsa kufunika mfundo yofunika ya dziko lagawidwa mawonekedwe mosalekeza ndi apawokha. Kupitiriza monism limafotokoza dziko malingaliro a thupi ndi gawo lapansi, apawokha - kapangidwe ndi zinthu. Origin ankaimira nzeru ena monga Hegel Heracleitus, Aristotle. Oimira ankaona chachiwiri Democritus, Leibniz ndi ena.

Mikanda kwa kupeza mfundo yofunika si Cholinga chachikulu. Atafika pa pervosubstrata ankafunila, akhoza kusuntha kwina, kuchokera kumadera ndi lonse. Tanthauzo la alimi kungatithandize kupeza kugwirizana zinthu zofunika poyamba, ndiyeno pakati pawo mankhwala zovuta zambiri. Kayendedwe kuti lonse la zinthu amafotokoza zikhoza kuchitika m'njira ziwiri: diachronic ndi synchronic.

Choncho monism - si maganizo, komanso njira kuphunzira. Mwachitsanzo, chiphunzitso cha manambala masamu zambiri zosonyeza zinthu manambala zachilengedwe. Mu Masamu, chifukwa cha mfundo. njira Monistic mwa amene anayesa ntchito sayansi mu chitukuko cha monism aumunthu. Choncho panali kokoka, mwaganizapo maziko dziko la kayendedwe makina (limagwirira), chiwerengero (Pythagoras), njira thupi (physicalism), ndi zina zotero. Ngati mu ndondomeko ya mavuto, izo zinachititsa kuti kukana monism zipani.

monism andale

Mu dera ndale monism m'kukoma kukhazikitsa dongosolo chipani chimodzi chokha, wotsutsana ndi chiwonongeko, ufulu wa anthu ndi mphamvu kugawana dongosolo. Izi zikhoza monga mwambo wa mtsogoleri ndi kugwirizana mtheradi gulu ndi boma zida za. Kulima chiwawa, mantha ndi misa kupondereza.

chuma chimaoneka monism kukhazikitsa boma akumeneko, anakonza chuma kapena okhawo kulamulira m'chigawo cha chuma. Mu mizimu imeneyi kumaonekera kuzindikira okha a malingaliro boma, lomwe cholinga chake amakana zakumbuyo ndi zam'tsogolo m'tsogolo. mfundo iyi amasonyeza mode bwino aliko, akulimbana ndi dissent, ndi mphamvu zonse atolankhani.