Monarda maluwa

Monarda - duwa nalo dzina lake pa Spanish sing'anga ndi katswiri Nicholas Monardes, amene anafotokoza katundu ndi mbali zomera zambiri zothandiza, a ku America ndipo zimenezi zatchuka.

Ya malalanje, American Melissa, ndimu timbewu - maina anthu awa nthawi zambiri amatchedwa wamba Monarda. Ancient Indians ofiira maluwa a kuthengo dvoychatoy Monarda ntchito moŵa tiyi, kukoma ndi amatikumbutsa chakumwa ofanana la timbewu. tiyi Izi wapindula kupweteka kwa m'mimba ndipo anali antipyretic.

Monarda pafupifupi mitundu khumi asankha makamaka kwa North America. Tikumbukenso kuti imodzi mwa mitundu yotchuka kwambiri ya maluwa ndi Monarda citriodora ndi Monarda wosakanizidwa.

Monga pachaka ndi osatha muzu mbewu, ali mwachindunji nthambi tsinde, zomwe si olumpha kutalika kwa masentimita zana ndi makumi asanu, masamba achidule imodzi, oblong-lanceolate. Monarda maluwa ndi osiyana ziwiri lipped, amene anasonkhana racemose wandiweyani kapena capitate inflorescence mawonekedwe, komanso kukula kwake ang'ono ndi fungo labwino la woyera, wofiira, wofiirira, chikasu kapena akuda mitundu. Inflorescence zambiri anakonza pamwamba wina tsinde, ndi awiri kufika kukula kwa masentimita asanu ndi aŵiri. The ntchito Monarda ndi chipatso cha mtedza, ndipo mapulaniwo ndi zomera inflorescence imeneyi maluwa yotakata aromas, kuti adzakhala nsanje aliyense mu maluwa. oonetsera wake wotchuka amaonedwa timbewu ndi mandimu.

Ndimu Monarda - zokongoletsera maluwa, imene imafikira ndi kutalika kwa masentimita mpaka makumi asanu ndi anayi ndipo ali ndi kukoma zokometsera, masamba anapatsidwa kaso kutchulidwa mandimu kununkhira. Inflorescences awa akuimira asanu, asanu whorls, amene ali ang'ono chibakuwa maluwa. Monarda pachimake ndimu akutsikira pa nthawi ya July - August. Monga mbewu undemanding, komabe pamafunika lachonde. Monarda woyenera malo dzuwa, komanso akhoza kukula mu malo ndi mthunzi pang'ono.

Mulingo woyenera nthawi kuyamba kufesa Monarda ndi April. Six kwa masiku khumi m'dziko yafika kuyatsa Monarda pang'ono. Flower mu nthaka lotseguka ayenera anabzala mu May. Tikumbukenso kuti m'pofunika mosamalitsa kusunga mtunda pakati pa zomera, izo ziyenera kukhala pakati pa makumi atatu ndi makumi asanu masentimita.

Monarda hybrid Chili mitundu iwiri - Monarda didyma ndi Monarda chubu. Izi wosakanizidwa Monarda zaka zambiri, ali ndi kutalika kwa palibe mita kuposa wina, maluwa woyera wofiira ang'ono, koma mwinamwake ndi chimodzimodzi, ndi mwachizolowezi ndithu Monarda.

Flower M'pofunika kupereka malo mwapadera okonzeka m'dzinja. Kuti tichite zimenezi, nthaka ayenera perekapat, kuchotsa namsongole ndi manyowa, kuwonjezera mita imodzi lalikulu la dziko, awiri - atatu makilogalamu wa manyowa, amafunikanso peat kapena manyowa (zedi zing'onozing'ono), superphosphate - za makumi asanu magalamu, ndi mchere potaziyamu - pafupi sate magalamu. Ngati ndinu mwiniwake wa malowo ndi nthaka ndi acidic, muyenera laimu amene chofunika pa mita lalikulu la nthaka kuwonjezera magalamu makumi ya laimu matope.

Ndi kubera masika mu nthaka ayenera kuwonjezera asafe feteleza lembani kuchuluka kwa makumi awiri - magalamu makumi atatu pa mita lalikulu. Ngati bwalo la nyengo youma, Monarda ayenera kuthirira wochuluka, mwinamwake pakutchulidwa a powdery cinoni mosalephera. Youma, kutentha m'chilimwe mulching nthaka ndi zofunika, amene ntchito peat kapena humus.

Ndi chisamaliro chotero mudzakula wokongola Monarda, amene maluwa ntchito ndi oyang'anira zophika zambiri monga zina zokometsera kuti mbale.