Mneni mawu: Zitsanzo ndi makhalidwe

Mawu gawo amaphunzira Chirasha pansi pa dzina malembedwe. Iwo amasiyana dongosolo ndi maganizo a mawu waukulu. Nkhaniyi imafotokoza mau mneni, zitsanzo kudalira nkhani.

Gawo mawu

Mu Russian, mawu akuti ndi mndandanda wa mawu awiri kapena kuposa kumene mawu chinthu chimodzi, ena - yozungulira. Pali classifications angapo collocations.

Ndi chikhalidwe cha subordination chifukwa zimatulutsa osakaniza mawu pamaziko a kukambirana (yozungulira mawu anayerekezera wamkulu jenda ndi chimodzi: mphepo atsopano), ulamuliro (kiyi mawu kulamulira dzina la mbali ya mawu, ataima mu nkhani oblique: kukhala abwenzi ndi mchemwali wake) ndi abutment (mawu akukhudzana okha kutanthauza: wokongola utoto).

Malinga ndi zomwe gawo la kulankhula ndi wofunika mawu kutali mwadzina, kunyozedwa, adverbial mawu. Dzina la mawu waukulu ukufanizidwa ndi nauni, adjective, puronauni kapena numeral: mkulu nyumba, munthu zoseketsa, wamakani wabwino, khumi galimoto. Ngati mawu ofunika ukufanizidwa ndi mneni - mneni mawu. Zitsanzo: mukuyang'ana patsogolo, adzasunga mawu a munthu, kukambirana. Adverbial mawu m'chilankhulo cha Russian zochepa. Iwo kiyi mawu - adverb: msanga, chete kwambiri, mnzake zinthu zoipa.

Zotsatirazi mneni ndi nauni mawu tikambirana mwatsatanetsatane.

Relations Pakati pa anthu akuda a

The wosiyana dongosolo mawu tikhale osiyana. Kodi kugwirizana - kulankhulana attributive, kasamalidwe - chinthu, contiguity - adverbial. Mneni ndi nauni mu chilankhulo Russian zimapanga namtindi. kugwirizana Kumvetsela Pankhaniyi angakhale osiyana.

Mwadzina zambiri anamanga pa pangano (mphamba) ndi kasamalidwe (flowered zovala), kawirikawiri pamphambano (Cafe ku Sochi). Mneni mawu m'chilankhulo cha Russian zochokera kasamalidwe (kulankhula ndi chithunzicho) ndi abutment (kuwonjezera mwamsanga). Motero, mitundu itatu ya ubale mawu Amachitanso wamba. Pamene parsing mawu kuchokera amazionera a malembedwe ayenera kusonyeza mtundu wa mawu chachikulu, chikhalidwe kulankhulana ndi ubale wapadera kwambiri.

Management ku mawu apakamwa

Mneni, amene amagwirizana ndi nauni mu nkhani oblique, chikusonyeza Mchitidwe umenewu chikhalidwe subordination monga kulamulira. Ndiko kuti, kuphatikiza mawu, zomwe ndi zochokera kasamalidwe kumene mawu ofunika ukufanizidwa ndi mneni wa - mneni mawu. Zitsanzo: kubweretsa kunja kwa mzinda kupita pambuyo zina, kuona dzuwa litalowa, kupita kale m'deralo.

mchikhalidwe kasamalidwe

Ndi mawu amenewa akufotokoza zina malamulo kalembedwe wa ulamuliro. Choncho, mneni kulipira zofuna kumbuyo nauni popanda anawagwiritsira mu accusative (kulipira kukonza), pamene mneni kulipira amagwirizana ndi nauni chomwecho, koma ndi anawagwiritsira ndi (kulipira kukonza). Nthawi zina zolakwa anapangidwa ntchito kasewenzetsedwe ka mau ndi tanthauzo la kuzindikira masomphenya. Ngati mawu amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyang'ana pa malingaliro (kuti mupenye dzuwa litalowa), ndiye njira amasirira chowiringula si chofunika (penyani atakalamba - molakwika, molondola amasirira dzuwa litalowa).

Mbali yapadera ndi mneni Abiti zimene zimalamulira prepositional Choncho zolondola kunena kuphonya banja langa, pakuti inu. Ena kasewenzetsedwe ka mau ndi kumbuyo amafuna nauni zinachitikira genitive, pamene zambiri molakwika ntchito ndi accusative: mantha, kufikira, ndi kupewa ena.

Junction ku mawu apakamwa

zachilendo mawu zochokera mphambano pamene liwu lalikulu ukufanizidwa ndi mneni, ndiko kuti, mwa mawu akuti. Zitsanzo: ataima, maganizo, kuonera mwachidwi, anapita kukalankhula, kumwa koko. Mawu abutment yozungulira kutchulidwa mawu zosasintha. Izi zikhoza kukhala infinitive, gerund, ndi nauni, adverb, amene chikugwirizana ndi liwu lalikulu yekha tanthauzo.

Mneni mawu ndi mkhalidwe

Mawu, kumene mawu ofunika - mukudalira mneni - mneni infinitive, ndi kovuta kusiyanitsa kuchokera pa gulu wapakamwa mkhalidwe. Mfundo zimenezi mkhalidwe ali ndi dongosolo ofanana ndi mneni mawu. Mwachitsanzo, kuitana kulongosolerana - mawuwa (mu zazikulu chiganizo mamembala mmene osiyana), ndipo anafuna kuti anthu amvetse - mkhalidwe (anasonyeza ngati mbali imodzi ya chiweruzo a).

Kusiyanitsa kutisokoneza ngati zosavuta. Pawiri wapakamwa mkhalidwe pa mneni infinitive ayenera nepolnoznachny, amene umachitira katundu zamalankhulidwe: anayamba kuchita, amafuna kugawana nawo, ndinaganiza kuti abwere. Mneni mawu ndi mawu yozungulira, onse infinitive mneni notional: anagona zina, anakonza kuyenda analamula patsogolo.

Zitsanzo za mawu apakamwa m'mabuku

Pali ngati ntchito chinenero cha Chirasha, omwe amafunika zitsanzo za chodabwitsa zinenero m'mabuku. Nawa malangizo ena ku mneni wa mawu ochokera lemba la olemba Russian. "Inu mukhoza kumva mawu kachiwiri, ngakhale ... Sergeant." "Mwiniwake kutsogolera molondola." "Iye anatumikira bwino ... ndi changu zonse" (VG Korolenko "Zodabwitsa"). "Blockhouse glacier pang'ono amatsamira patsogolo." "Pamene nyengo youma kwathunthu." "Mkati mwa mavuto ... August ndi September zimauluka amaona" (Fet AA "Yophukira vuto"). "... yoweyula wobiriwira kusambira m'mbuyomu." "... mzinda ... tione ndi kumverera anali lotero mwamtendere." "... mwezi ... ... Ine anayang'anitsitsa ndi mitengo ndi mitambo" (Turgenev NDI "Asya").