Clichés ndi kantselyarizm: Zitsanzo za mawu m'chilankhulo cha Russian

M'nkhani ino tikambirana za maganizo amenewa a chinenero "kantselyarizm". Zitsanzo za katundu zikuluzikulu ndi kuchuluka kwa ntchito chodabwitsa zinenero tidzakambirana mwa ife mwatsatanetsatane.

Mu kantselyarizmy Russian amatanthauza gulu zinenero zosiyanasiyana, monga clichés lapansi. Choncho, ife adzamvetsa kuyamba ndi chinthu cha mtundu umenewo.

ndi clichés Kodi

Timayamba kuganizira zolakwa zambiri zopangidwa ndi onse kalata ndi kulankhula.

Masitampu ndi kantselyarizmy (zitsanzo zomwe anapereka m'munsimu) ali kwambiri zogwirizana. More ndendende, tiganizire chodabwitsa zinenero ndi imodzi mwa mitundu ya masitampu (Mawu amenewa amanena mawu ndi mawu amene amagwiritsidwa ntchito ndi mphamvu anataya phindu). Choncho, zokha chabe zimamuchulukira wolankhulayo ndi mawu amaonedwa kuthetsa.

Masitampu ndi mawu ndi mawu, amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulankhula. Childs, zinthuzo zinenero mulibe kulunjika iliyonse. Mwachitsanzo, zolowa za "msonkhano unachitikira pa apamwamba msinkhu" amagwiritsidwa ntchito m'malo kubweretsa lipoti zambiri zokhudza chochitika.

kantselyarizmy mu Russian ndi chiyani? zitsanzo

Chinenero cha Chirasha pali mawu, ntchito zomwe akuti ndi zogwirizana okha mu makamaka kalembedwe wa kulankhula. mawu awa ali kantselyarizmy. Mawu amenewa amatchedwa mawu, zomangamanga kalembedwe ndi mosiyanasiyana, ndi mawu, ntchito imene enshrined mu chinenero mabuku a kalembedwe boma-malonda. Chitsanzo: mkhalapakati ayenera, ntchito si pofuna kupeza phindu, kugwira ulamuliro ndi zina zotero.

zizindikiro kantselyarizmov

Tsopano ife chimatanthauza zotsatira za mawu awa ndi tione zitsanzo.

Kantselyarizmy - mawu boma kalembedwe, koma ena kuposa kuti, ali angapo zizindikiro mwangwiro chinenero. Ena mwa iwo:

• Ntchito manauni wapakamwa: bessufiksalnyh (kuba, kusoka, nthawi kutali); suffixed (adani, kudziwika, kuwomba kupeza).
• M'MALO yosavuta gulu mwadzina mkhalidwe mneni (akuwaza mkhalidwe). Mwachitsanzo: chilakolako kusonyeza - m'malo mukufuna kutenga lingaliro - m'malo kusankha kuthandiza - m'malo kuthandiza.
• Kugwiritsa prepositions denominative. Mwachitsanzo: mu gawo la mzere, tingati ku adiresi mu gawo kuthengo, chifukwa, mwa mawu a zoona, pa msinkhu.
• Mukulumikiza milandu, kawirikawiri genitive. Mwachitsanzo, Nzofunikira kulera mlingo wa kuzindikira za anthu a m'deralo.
• Kuchotsa yogwira ntchito liwiro chabe. Mwachitsanzo, zolowa yogwira Tikakhazikitsa - kukhazikitsidwa chabe zinachitikadi mwa ife.

N'chifukwa chiyani Musaononge kantselyarizmami?

Kantselyarizmy ndi clichés (zitsanzo akutitsimikizira izi), amagwiritsidwa ntchito kulankhula atsogolere chakuti amalakatika zithunzi zake, expressiveness, conciseness ndi payekha. Izi zinagwira zolakwa zotsatirazi:

• A chisakanizo cha masitaelo. Mwachitsanzo: Pambuyo mvula owala ngati mvula pa dziwe mu ulemerero wake onse inawala utawaleza.
• The ambiguity, omwe akutipatsa kuuka kwa manauni mawu. Mwachitsanzo, mawu akuti "Mawu a Professor" angalimvetse ndi "pulofesa kukangana," ndi kuti "pulofesa ananena."
• Verbosity, kulankhula weighting. Mwachitsanzo: chifukwa kusintha kwa milingo adzigwira kwambiri pa zolowa mu masitolo malonda ndi boma.

Kantselyarizm zitsanzo za taonera, zimaphwanya ufulu zithunzi, limaonetseratu, mtima. Popeza iwo samasowa mawu ndi achotsa lexical tanthauzo inaipitsa expressivity.

Childs, ntchito masitampu amakonda atolankhani. Choncho, mu kalembedwe journalistic mawu amenewo amapezeka makamaka zambiri.

Kodi mawu amatchula kantselyarizmam

Izo zikuwoneka mwachibadwa yekha mu tsiku ndi tsiku mawu kantselyarizm. Zitsanzo za ntchito kuyankhula za izo nthawi zambiri mawu awa ntchito masitayilo ena wa kulankhula, imatengedwa yovuta stylistic kulakwitsa. Pofuna kupewa missteps zimenezi, m'pofunika kudziwa ndendende zomwe Mawu ananena kuti kantselyarizmam.

Choncho kantselyarizmy akhoza yodziwika ndi:

• Chachikale chinkawavuta chofunika: dzina lake, tatchulawa Levy, mwini wake wa izi, kodi, atawalamula, pa Seraya.
• Pa yomweyo kantselyarizmy kungakhale amangotchula-businesslike: mukuti (nkhani yaikulu.) Imvani, chitukuko chithunzi, limatchula panachitika.
• Kulankhura mwalamulo-ntchito manauni mtundu anachokera ku kasewenzetsedwe ka mau ndi suffixes zotsatirazi: - UT, -AT, -ani, -eni: kanthu, kutenga kupeza; bessufiksalnye: tsiku kutali, hijacking, kusoka, wolembedwa ntchito yakulipidwa, kuyang'aniridwa; mawu ena ama- mtima, si: undetectable, layamba shortfalls, kupewa.
• Komanso chiwerengero cha manauni, participles, adverbs, kasewenzetsedwe ka mau ndi adjectives mitsempha ali ndi mtima okhwima kwa dziko malonda kulankhulana. Mwachitsanzo: chipani, makasitomala, ndi kasitomala, olemekezeka mwini, munthu, lipoti ndodo, wozunzidwayo, okhala, kudza nthawi yomweyo, kwaulere, kukhala, kukhala, kukhala.
• Official malonda coloration osiyana chiwerengero cha mawu ntchito: ku adiresi ya nkhani, zochokera, ndi zina zotero. Mwachitsanzo: malinga ndi pangano, mogwirizana ndi kuchotsa pangano, ngati kulephera kutsatira mgwirizano, chifukwa cha kafukufuku ndi zina zotero.
• Ndi zolowa ndi ofanana monga zigawo zikuluzikulu za zinthu: chakudya, mabungwe chitetezo, galimoto, m'boma, Gona zamtendere.

Zimene zinachitikira n'koyenera ntchito mawu akuti "kantselyarizm"

Kantselyarizmy (zitsanzo za mawu, tinakambirana mwatsatanetsatane pamwamba), malinga ndi malamulo a chinenero mabuku ayenera kugwiritsidwa ntchito mu kalembedwe boma-malonda. Ndiye patsogolo alibe kuima motsutsana maziko a lembalo.

Chimodzimodzi akuti "kantselyarizm" yoyenera kugwiritsa ntchito pokha pokha mawu amenewa ndi mawu ntchito kalembedwe winawake. Ndiye amakhala expressionless, mkulu khalidwe, kuti akapanda kutengeka, umoyo, mwachibadwa ndi kuphweka.

Kantselyarizmy monga phwando stylistic

Koma si nthawi zonse zimachitika ndi zolakwa za mawu kantselyarizm. Zitsanzo za ntchito luso kusonyeza kuti mawu zambiri ngati ndi mawu ntchito ngati phwando stylistic. Mwachitsanzo, makhalidwe mawu ngwazi.

Writers zambiri ntchito kantselyarizmami kulenga zotsatira zoseketsa. Mwachitsanzo, Zoshchenko, Chekhov, Saltykov-Shchedrin, Ilf ndi Petrov. Mwachitsanzo, Saltykov-Shchedrin - "... maso zoletsedwa mbambulusa, kuchotsa mutu alumidwa kuchokera mphuno"; Chekhov - "kupha Kodi zotsatira za m'madzi."

Kantselyarizmy (zitsanzo za mawu takambirana mwatsatanetsatane) mu Russia anafika kwambiri monga mwa nthawi stagnation, pamene iwo atagonjetsa mu madera onse a mawu, ngakhalenso m'banja. chitsanzo ichi kamodzinso akutsimikiza mfundo yakuti chinenero ndi chinyezimiro cha kusintha zonse zimene zimachitika mu dziko ndi dziko.