Mmodzi - mulungu wa Scandinavia ndi gulu lake

Fuko lirilonse liri ndi chikhalidwe chake, chipembedzo ndi nzeru za anthu. Bola ngati Chikhristu mu West sanakhaliretu chipembedzo cha dzikolo analambira zachilengedwe ndi zolengedwa zosiyanasiyana. chidwi amaimira milungu ya Scandinavia wakale, anthu amene ankaopseza anthu a mizinda mwa nyanja. Ndipotu, iwo yayitali ankachita chikunja, kuposa anthu a m'mayiko ena ku Ulaya.

A dongosolo wapadera wa chilengedwe chonse

Milungu ya Scandinavia, mndandanda wa zomwe zili zochititsa chidwi kwambiri, zichokera kwa mulungu Heimdal. Iye anali ndi ana atatu, yemwenso anabereka magulu atatu okhudzidwa: akapolo (ana a Trelew), asilikali (ana Jarl) ndi tillers (ana a Charlemagne). Wolimba Norsemen kapena Scandinavia, ngati iwo amatchedwa mu Russia, ankaona makolo ake anali Jarl, mwana wake Kona (mafumu). Choncho chintchito manja ankaona mfulu, kuti zoyembekezeka kuchita. The Scandinavians ankakhulupirira kuti milungu ankakhala malo lowoneka - Mitgarde, amene anali atazungulira Utgard. Mu gawo ili la chilengedwe tinkakhala mizukwa osiyana, atumiki ndi zimphona. Ndi mphamvu zimenezi milungu zoipa anachita akumenya mosalekeza. Midzidzi ya nkhondo lalikulu ndi kuyamba, imene onse awonongeke. Koma ndiye dziko adzabadwanso kachiwiri ndi oyera kwambiri paradaiso.

ofufuza milungu ya nyanja

Ankayembekezera kuchokera ku chikunja, aliyense mulungu anali ntchito yake ndi ukulu, umene uli udindo. Iwo ankawoneka ngati anthu wamba, yekha anali kukumenya. Pansi chabe milungu utsogoleri wolowezana wa Scandinavia anali Valkyries - pankhondo anamwali, amene anapatsidwa msilikali kupambana pa behest wa milungu, kapena imfa waulemerero kunkhondo. Ife ankalambira ngati Norns, amene inapota ulusi mapeto a munthu ndipo anatsimikiza kodi moyo wake.

Milungu okha, monga mwa "Prose Edda", ogaŵikana mabanja awiri: Vanir - ogula la ulimi ndi kubereka, ndi aces - gulu lalikulu, ngati Olympians wa Hellas wakale. Poyamba, iwo anali adani, koma ndiye mtendere. Nawa mayina a milungu ya Scandinavia (waukulu):

• Mmodzi - mtsogoleri mulungu ndi mtima lakuthwa, osadziletsa ndipo sizimadziwika, koma munthu wanzeru kwambiri, dzina lake pafupifupi sanatchulepo, izo zinalembedwa runes;
• Thor - mulungu wa mabingu ndi mphezi;
• Freyr - mulungu wobereketsa;
• Balder;
• Loki;
• anamveka;
• Vali;
• Heimdall;
• Ullr;
• Braga;
• Njord;
• Bakuman;
• Vidar;
• Frigg - mkazi Odin ndi;
• Idun - mulungu wa achinyamata, woyang'anira wa maapulo rejuvenating chagolide woyenga;
• Freyja - mulungu wa chikondi;
• Sif - mkazi wa Thor.

Mmodzi - mulungu wa Scandinavia

Izi ndi mulungu waukulu amene ankaona kwambiri zamphamvu. Iye anali diso limodzi. Malinga ndi nthano, mulungu wamkulu wa Scandinavia nsembe diso ena kumwa kuchokera ku gwero la nzeru. Spring, yomwe ili pa dziko mtengo Yggdrasil, kulondera chimphona Mimir, amene ankafuna kuti munthu amalipira. La chimphona kenako anaphedwa, koma mutu wake ndi kupitiriza kuthandiza malangizo abwino.

Mulungu anakhala pa eyiti miyendo kavalo Sleipnir, nakhala mkondo m'manja mwake. Anatumikira awiri makungubwe kuti anabweretsa kutsogolera kuchokera konsekonse mu dziko. nyumba yake Valhalla kumene Valkyries anabweretsa miyoyo asilikali akufa (unali ulemu ndi malire a maloto Viking). Pa mfundo imeneyi, moyo wa asilikali ophunzitsidwa ndi osangalatsa kuyembekezera nkhondo lalikulu zoipa.

Thor Mulungu wa Thunder

analemekeza kwambiri inali imodzi. Mulungu Viking Thor - wachiwiri zofunika kwambiri. Iye ndi mwana wa Odin nalamulira nyengo yokolola, mvula ndi mphepo yamkuntho, mabingu ndi mphezi. Ngati mchitidwe kwambiri othamanga, ansembe anauzidwa kuti nsembe ya Torah. khalidwe lake anali wangwiro: iye za chirichonse kuchokera kumvetsa anali bata ndi odalirika. Koma pa nthawi yomweyo, anali ndi mphamvu kwambiri, ndi zimene kumenyana zoipa (ie zimphona, Mandgardskim Njoka). Thor ankavala nyundo yaikulu ndi ankayendetsa ngolo kukopedwa ndi mbuzi. Kuti kuyimitsidwa mu mawonekedwe a mulungu wa manja ankavala kuzungulira khosi ngati chithumwa (monga mtanda pectoral). Dzina la Mulungu zalembedwa mu miyala runic mu sagas ambiri dzina zinthu zambiri Hrs ulemu wake.

Freyr, kupereka chisangalalo

Mmodzi akulamulira dziko. Viking mulungu Freyr anali anatilemekeza kwambiri, chifukwa ankaganiza kuti amapatsa anthu chimwemwe ndi mtendere. chifaniziro chake ndi mbolo yaikulu nsembe pa ukwati. Komanso, iye ankaona kholo la Ynglings, banja lachifumu. Mwatsoka, thunthu wotchuka anawonongedwa ndi Bishop wa Aegina pa zachikunja za Kumpoto kwa Ulaya. Koma mpaka tinakafika Fano ka mulungu wopangidwa ndi mkuwa. Mulungu mlongo anali Freya.

wonyenga Loki

Ndi mulungu maganizo kuchenjera ndi obisika. ana ake nkhandwe Fenrir ndi Midgard njoka. Loki anayambitsa, nasonkhezera ndi milungu mzake ndi amuna, kukonza chiwembu, ukathyali, kotero kuti ndinali mtundu wa munthu zoipa. Komabe, iye anazindikira kuti nzeru zakuthwa, kukongola zosaneneka ndi mphamvu ya kusintha maonekedwe awo. Ndipo komabe milungu nthawi zambiri amatchedwa kwa iye, ngati kunali koyenera kuti tipeze njira mu malo ovuta.

Kulambira milungu wamkulu

Scandinavians - anthu wapadera, amene ankakhala m'malo ovuta. Iwo sanali kumanga nyumba okhazikika okha, musati kutsogolera moyo wongokhala. Mwina Choncho, wasiya palibe akachisi kapena malo ena olambirira. Komabe, chimodzi (mulungu wa Scandinavia), Thor, Freya ndi milungu ina anali ndi malo olambirira. Zinali malo opatulika panja, atazungulira embankments mwala ndi manda osowa. Zofunika kwambiri likulu la Normandy anali Uppsala, kumene kunali gilded kachisi. Wazunguliridwa ndi munda wopatulika pomwe mitengo anapachika nsembe kwa milungu - matupi a anthu ndi nyama. Mbiri Adam Bremensky ntchito zake (za 1075) limafotokoza kachisi uyu. Malinga ndi iye, panali zifaniziro atatu chiphona. Mmodzi wa iwo ankafotokozedwa Frey, winayo - ndi lachitatu - ndi Torah. Nthawi zonse, zaka zisanu ndi zinayi, Uppsala udagumanyikana kulipira ulemu kwa milungu, kukumbukira makolo akufa amene ankalambira woteroyo. milungu.