Mfuti lalikulu kwambiri padziko lonse - zovutitsa, koma achabechabe

Nkhondowo zida zankhondo - mmodzi mwa anthu atatu nthambi wamkulu wa utumiki - mu kukhalapo kudziwika zitsanzo zake kulenga ndalama lapadera. Ikulu, wamphamvu kuposa kale lonse, iwo analengeza ngati chida kuwina , ndipo pafupifupi nthawi zonse ankakhala ntchito. Ambiri mwina, iwo ankaganiza ngati kuti ndi mphamvu asilikali mphamvu, chiwonetsero cha zomangamanga mwapang'ono.

likungosonyeza chimphona

Pali mndandanda angapo amene ali pamwamba pa mndandanda wa "World Yaikulu Mfuti" zimakhala mfuti osiyana. Wapamwamba kuposa aliyense lero makina-chirombo cha yaikulu likungosonyeza (914 mm, lomwe 36 mainchesi) ndi American matope experimental (chida ndi yochepa mbiya kwa wokwera kuwombera) lotchedwa "Little Davide". Izi ndi zodabwitsa chozizwitsa chida sanasiye Aberdeen Kutsimikizira Ground. Posachedwapa, chifukwa cha kuchepa kwa anthu, izo zakhala owonetsera zakale chidutswa.

"Ndi wamanyazi kwambiri dona wokalamba. Ndipo sakhulupirira kuti mfuti! "

Kuseri kwa chilombo mu mndandanda ndi Russian Tsar Cannon (chithunzi ichi achilendo Russian chizindikiro Ufumuyo). kukula kwake - 890 mm, kapena mainchesi 35. manyuzipepala Izi adayikamo mkuwa Russian mbuye Andreem Chohovym mu 1586, ndi chipilala kwa zida zankhondo foundry ndi luso. Linapangidwa pa Cannon pabwalo polemekeza Tsar Fedor Ivanovich ndipo mwachionekere kuopseza adani, amene tayenda nathawa atamva za kukula ndi mphamvu ya mfuti. Research mu 1980 ndi Serpukhov akatswiri anakwanitsa kukhazikitsa kuti projectile wina ndi mfuti adakali m'ndende. Koma kukongola izi m'lingaliro lenileni komanso mophiphiritsa, chizindikiro cha ukulu wa zida Russian. Mmodzi wa zowoneka chidwi kwambiri wa Moscow, ndi Tsar Cannon (chithunzi umboni wa lopitirira pandemonium anthu ku mlongoti a) pamodzi ndi Tsar Bell ubwana m'maganizo a ku Russia kucheza ndi ukulu ndi invincibility Russia. mfuti ili Russian monga masiku akale ilo linkatchedwa, ali ndi kulemera matani 39,31, kutalika mamita 5,34. Cannon kutchulidwa mu Guinness Book of Records. Mwina zidzawonjezedwa kuti zina zachidule utoto AP Bryullov, katswiri wa zomangamanga ndi m'bale mkulu wa lodziwika bwino Karl Briullov, zojambula opangidwa injiniya de A Witte.

Ntchito kamodzi kokha

Chachitatu mu mndandanda ndi makina-chilombo dzina la mkazi wa mlengi mkulu wa "Dora". Iyi ndi mfuti lalikulu kukula ndi kulemera mu dziko. Anatsogoleredwa ndi Pulofesa Erich Müller pa fakitale ya nkhawa "Krupp" mu 1930 pa dongosolo lenileni la Adolf Hitler analenga mtundu wa chozizwitsa zida zankhondo luso. Ndi chida, chachikulu, wapatali, mfundo achabechabe, lakhala likugwiritsidwa ntchito kamodzi kokha pa itachita wa Sevastopol mu 1942, pamene masiku 250 mzinda anakana lankhondo lamphamvu kwambiri mu dziko. Iwo, ngakhale maonekedwe ake mantha, palibe phindu si anasonyeza. A lodziwika bwino chitetezo cha Sevastopol onse mabuku.

Ndi "Dora" kwambiri lolimba

Nkhondowo zida zankhondo batire m'mphepete mwa nyanja № 30 Gorky kwa kuzindikira Germany okha analola kuti akuchedwa kudya mzinda miyezi isanu ndi umodzi. linga imeneyi imatchedwa Germany batire, iwo anazindikira kuti "mwaluso woona wa zomangamanga." Konse mu mbiri ya nkhondo, achifasizimu sanagwiritse ntchito zida zankhondo manambala amenewa. Kuswa kukana wa Russian zachitika kuno ndi German mfuti "Dora" adaperekedwa. Cannon-chilombo, anayamba ndi nkhawa "Krupp" udakhala pa dongosolo lenileni la Adolf Hitler makamaka kuwononga kwambiri zokhalamo Maginot Line. Apo iye anali nawo. Iye anatengedwa ku Crimea kutenga mbali opaleshoni, codenamed "Moto mphepo yamkuntho pa" Kugwira ndi Nsombazi. "

Zosintha chodabwitsa

Zina 807. mm Cannon zida zankhondo zinali zodabwitsa za luso. Wapadera wapamwamba-lolemera hulk, kuthamanga pa njanji, padziko lonse lapansi Cannon sanapeze ntchito oyenera ndiponso chofala, chifukwa ubwino wake kukhala kuipa.

chipolopolo chimodzi kulemedwa makilogalamu 7100. Pa yemweyo mbiya kutalika ukufika mamita 32. Kuwombera osiyanasiyana - makilomita 25, "kupitirira m'chizimezime" imene ili chifukwa kugunda chandamale m'chipani. kamodzi kokha "Dora" wachititsa kuwonongeka kwambiri kapena zochepa ndithu - chinawononga zida zina zonyasa. Pankhaniyi, kwa chirombo cha utumiki, amene anali okwana kutalika mamita 50 ndipo kutalika ndi adatchithisira mbiya mamita 11, ndipo ndi anamuukitsa - 35, kupatulapo mawerengedwe mu 4139 asilikali, anthu wamba, apolisi ndi asilikali mfuti pamalo a Wapolisiyo atha battalions zoyendera ndi kutiteteza, commandant, kubisa kampani, ophika buledi ndi nthambi positi kumunda.

Mantha ndi achabechabe

magawo amenewa zomwe zinamulepheretsa wolemera malomanevrennoy wotetezedwa, modziwika mtengo ndiponso operewera kwathunthu, mbiri ya zida zankhondo sindimadziwa.

Ichi ndi "heavy-ntchito" mfuti wokwera pa nsanja wapadera zokwawa njanji, kutali Chrixitu pa mtunda wa mamita 6. "Dora" Sichinatsitsidwe pogwiritsa ntchito iliyonse yaikulu mu adani a Sevastopol. Komabe, anasamukira pafupi Leningrad kupondereza mzinda amunamuna. Koma ngakhale pano anapeza ntchito. Adolf Hitler anali ndi zolinga kuwononga panyanja m'munsi mwa Gibraltar, Britain, koma zinafa chifukwa sanali yobereka chiphona. Kumapeto kwa nkhondo pa nthawi imeneyo kwenikweni padziko lonse lapansi Cannon anali litaphulitsidwa ndi dziko la Germany mu Bavaria, makilomita 36 kuchokera mu mzinda wa Auerbach.

Mwina zidzawonjezedwa kuti aulesi "Dora" anali m'bale amapasa "Pamavuto Gustav", anamanga mu 1930. Pakutha nkhondo izo chopangidwa mbali kwa chachitatu mochititsa manyazi mizukwa akufa.